In August 2025 HRW released a major report detailing two attacks by Israeli forces on schools sheltering displaced civilians in Gaza, finding that there was likely no legitimate military target at either location despite claims from Israeli forces at the time.

Airwars worked extensively with HRW researchers on the report, providing details of the strikes through open source investigation, sharing the names of victims identified through our casualty recording methodology, and supporting efforts to corroborate information in this complex environment. In addition to the two schools cited in this report, Airwars has documented more than 70 other such attacks (which can be found in our public archive here).

The report highlights the process by which Airwars and HRW researchers shared and compared names of alleged victims in specific attacks over several months, together building up a more comprehensive understanding of harm in these two incidents.