The Civilian Harm Watchdog
Casualty Recording
Research
Investigations
Policy
About
Civilian Casualty Archive
Start Date
End Date
Site of the incident
Country
Country
Caribbean Sea (12)
Iraq (157)
Israel (25)
Lebanon (137)
Libya (432)
Pacific Ocean (10)
Palestinian territories (1390)
Qatar (1)
Somalia (448)
Syria (2174)
Türkiye (12)
Ukraine (195)
Yemen (450)
Iran (0)
Reported perpetrator (military, militant group, coalition, etc.)
Military Actor
Military Actor
7th Brigade (1)
Egyptian Military (2)
EU Military (4)
Gaddafi Forces (56)
General National Congress (GNC) (1)
GNA/Turkish Military (22)
Government of National Accord (75)
Hezbollah Forces (1)
International Forces (Unknown) (37)
Iranian Military (43)
Israeli Military (1609)
Jordanian Military (8)
Kenyan Defense Forces (2)
Kurdish Forces (1)
Libyan National Army (203)
Libyan rebel forces (9)
LNA/UAE Military/Egyptian Military (22)
NATO forces (82)
Palestinian Militants (45)
Russian Military (1512)
Syrian Democratic Forces (3)
Syrian Regime (2)
Turkish Military (521)
U.S. Forces (858)
U.S.-led Coalition (333)
UK Military (11)
Ukrainian Military (5)
United Arab Emirates Military (2)
Unknown (34)
Yemeni Air Force (12)
YPG (131)
Chadian Military (0)
French Military (0)
U.S. Security Contractors (0)
The method of military action or operation type
Strike Type
Strike Type
Airstrike (3533)
Drone Strike (786)
Airstrike and/or Artillery (924)
Artillery (970)
Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground) (85)
Ground operation (77)
Naval bombardment (46)
Unknown (0)
Reported source(s) of harm
Causes of Death / Injury
Causes of Death / Injury
Accidents related to conflict (39)
Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) (21)
Denial of access to/destruction of objects indispensable to survival (7)
Electromagnetic weapons (1)
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions (5442)
Incendiary (10)
Planted explosives and unexploded ordnance (UXO) (71)
Run over by vehicle (3)
Small arms and light weapons (323)
Unknown (47)
Use of objects and other means (4)
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
✕
Grade indicating the degree to which sources reported the same belligerent(s)
Strike Status
Strike Status
Contested strike (1297)
Declared strike (745)
Likely strike (2879)
Single source claim (408)
Grade indicating the strength of available reporting on civilian harm
Civilian Harm Status
Civilian Harm Status
Confirmed (121)
Fair (2945)
Weak (506)
Contested (1199)
Discounted (26)
Unknown (1)
Statements released by the perpetrator on their military action(s) and the resulting civilian harm if acknowledged
Belligerent Assessment
Belligerent Assessment
Credible / Substantiated (110)
Duplicate (3)
Non credible / Unsubstantiated (282)
Not yet assessed (2509)
Open incident (10)
Under investigation (3)
People killed or injured, by demographic
Casualty
Casualty
Children (2175)
Men (2541)
Women (1869)
Type of affected facility or location
Infrastructure
Infrastructure
Agriculture (193)
Agricultural Land (21)
Livestock (27)
Silo (1)
Storage (1)
Equipment / Machinery (5)
Factory (9)
Commerce (70)
Market (50)
Bakery (5)
Grocery Store (1)
Shop (12)
Communications (3)
Internet (1)
Mobile (1)
Cultural Site (1)
Education (222)
Nursery (1)
Primary School (7)
Secondary School (12)
University / College (2)
Vocational School (1)
Religious School (1)
Emergency Services (5)
Police Station (2)
Civil Defense Station (3)
Financial (1)
Bank (1)
Healthcare (142)
Hospital (35)
Ambulance (17)
Clinic (1)
Temporary Healthcare Facility (2)
Humanitarian (39)
Evacuation Route (8)
Food/Water Distribution (17)
Aid Convoy (2)
IDP or Refugee Camp (275)
Legal (4)
Courthouse (1)
Prison (1)
Ministry (2)
Media (2)
Radio Station (2)
Religious (47)
Mosque (18)
Prayer Space (2)
Residential (1089)
House (27)
Apartment Building (74)
Resources (45)
Power Station (18)
Gas Facility (18)
Oil Facility (7)
Solar Panels (1)
Dam (6)
Transportation (14)
Road (3)
Bridge (1)
Airport (2)
Border crossing (2)
Port (6)
Vehicle (195)
Car (89)
Truck (15)
Motorcycle (19)
Bicycle (1)
Bus (3)
Boat (27)
Warehouse (13)
Construction Material (1)
Raw Material (2)
Consumer Goods (2)
Military (2)
Water (25)
Well (1)
Water tank (4)
Desalination Plant (1)
Search
Order results by:
Incident Date
↓
Publication Date
5442 incidents
Incident Date
3 July 2021
Incident Code
RS4586
Location
بليون, Belion, Idlib, Syria
At least two civilians - two girls - were killed and one to two other civilians, including a woman and a Civil Defense member, were injured in alleged Russian or regime strikes on the town of Belion on July 3, 2021. According to @Sy24ria, the bombing of the town of Belion resulted in "the killing…
Summary
Published
3 July 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
2
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
3 July 2021
Incident Code
RS4588
Location
بلشون, Balshoun, Idlib, Syria
At least one child was killed and five other civilians, including a pregnant woman, another woman, and two children, were injured, in addition to the killing of the pregnant woman's fetus, from alleged Russian or regime strikes on the town of Balshon on the morning of July 3, 2021. According to Syrian Civil Defense, "a child…
Summary
Published
3 July 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
1–2
Civilians reported injured
5
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
28 June 2021
Incident Code
CS1959
Location
القائم, Al Qa’em, Deir Ezzor, Syria
One child was reportedly killed and three other civilians, including women and children, were wounded in US airstrikes on the Al Qa’em area near the Syrian-Iraqi borders on June 28, 2021. Local sources also reported that between four and 11 militants, with at least four members of the Iraqi Popular Mobilization, were also killed. The…
Summary
Published
28 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
3
Military actors reported killed
4–11
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S.-led Coalition
View Incident
→
Incident Date
27 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4584
Location
الفطيرة, Al Fatira, Idlib, Syria
At least one civilian, a woman, was killed and others were wounded in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes and/or artillery strikes on June 27, 2021. A tweet from @SILSTY_10 alleges that there were "dead and wounded in the ranks of the militants in missile strikes carried out by the Syrian army on their positions in…
Summary
Published
27 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
0–1
Civilians reported injured
0–2
Military actors reported killed
0–1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
23 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4581
Location
مقبرة افس, Afes Cemetery, Idlib, Syria
Between two and five civilians, including one to two children, were killed and five to eight others were injured in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes and/or artillery strikes on Afes on June 23, 2021. According to @abazeid89, "artillery shelling (regime / Russia) targeted the cemetery of the town of Afs in Idlib during a funeral…
Summary
Published
23 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
2–5
Civilians reported injured
5–8
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
23 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4580
Location
الاتارب, Al Atareb, Aleppo, Syria
At least one civilian, a woman, was killed and between two and three civilians, including a woman and one to two children, were injured in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes on Al Atareb on June 23, 2021. According to Halab Today, "the family sat at the table to eat breakfast, when an artillery shell from…
Summary
Published
23 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
2–3
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
22 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4579
Location
منطف, Mantef, Idlib, Syria
At least one civilian, a child, was killed and at least two other civilians, a woman and one to two children, were injured in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes on Mantef village on June 22, 2021. According to Syrian Network for Human Rights, "a 17-year-old girl, named as Wafaa Abdul Hamid Qassoum, was killed while two…
Summary
Published
22 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
21 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4577
Location
البارة, Al Bara, Idlib, Syria
At least two civilians, both women, were killed and two to three others, including a woman, were injured in alleged Russian or regime strikes on Al Bara on June 21, 2021. Syrian Network for Human Rights reported that "two women, named as Wahidah Hamdou Abu Shakhah and Fatimah al Yasin, were killed and others injured…
Summary
Published
21 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
2–3
Civilians reported injured
2–4
Military actors reported killed
1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
21 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4578
Location
احسم, Ihsem, Idlib, Syria
Between one and nine civilians were killed and up to 14 were wounded in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes on the village of Ihsem on June 21, 2021. Sources contest whether some of the people identified, specifically the prisoners being held in a prison in Ihsem that was bombed, were belligerents. The initial number given…
Summary
Published
21 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
1–9
Civilians reported injured
10–14
Military actors reported killed
3–9
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
19 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4575
Location
قسطون, Qastoun, Hama, Syria
At least one civilian, a Civil Defense "White Helmet" member, was killed and three to six others were injured in alleged Russian or regime strikes on a civil defense center in Qastoun on June 19, 2021. Anadolu Agency reported that "a Civil Defense member was killed and at least 4 others were injured, as Bashar al-Assad's…
Summary
Published
19 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
3–6
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
17 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4573
Location
ابديتا, Abdita, Idlib, Syria
At least two people were killed and three others were wounded in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes or artillery shelling on Abdita on June 17, 2021. The status of those killed is contested, with the majority of sourced reporting that those killed and injured were civilians whole Syrian Observatory for Human Rights and Al Mahjar…
Summary
Published
17 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
0–2
Civilians reported injured
0–3
Military actors reported killed
0–2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
15 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4572
Location
معرزاف, Mu’arzaf, Idlib, Syria
At least one person was killed and others were wounded in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes and/or artillery shelling on Mu’arzaf on June 15, 2021. According to @HalabTodayTV, "one person was killed and others were injured as a result of shelling by the regime forces with heavy artillery targeting the village of Maarzaf". @anasanas84 added…
Summary
Published
15 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
13 June 2021
Incident Code
TI062
Location
قلعة دزة, Qalaat Diza, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
At least four people were killed in alleged Turkish airstrikes in the Qalaat Diza region, on the road between the villages of Deka and Kani Lane, on June 13, 2021. While the majority of sources refer to those killed as civilians, Turkish sources allege they five members of the PKK were killed. According to North…
Summary
Published
13 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike
Civilians reported killed
0–4
Military actors reported killed
0–5
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Turkish Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
12 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4568
Location
كفرلاتا, Kafrlata, Idlib, Syria
At least one civilian was killed and 10 others were wounded in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes and artillery strikes on Kafrlata on June 12, 2021. According to Syrian Network for Human Rights, "on June 12, a shell fired by Syrian regime artillery forces exploded near a house in Kafr Lata village in the south…
Summary
Published
12 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
4–11
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
12 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4569
Location
منطف, Mantaf, Idlib, Syria
Between one and two civilians, including at least one woman, was killed and up to nine others were wounded in alleged Russian airstrikes on Mantaf on June 12, 2021. According to Syrian Civil Defense, "the killing of a woman and the wounding of 7 civilians, including 3 children, in Russian air strikes targeting residential neighborhoods…
Summary
Published
12 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike
Civilians reported killed
1–2
Civilians reported injured
1–9
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
12 June 2021
Incident Codes
IRS008 YS105 RS4570
Location
عفرين, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria
At least one civilian was killed and others were injured in alleged Syrian Democratic Forces and/or Russian and/or Iranian airstrikes on agricultural lands and the al-Shifa Hospital on the outskirts of Afrin, Syria, on June 12, 2021. According to the Macro Media Center, "a civilian was killed and others were wounded as a result of…
Summary
Published
12 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
Agriculture
,
Residential
,
Healthcare
(
Hospital
)
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
4
Military actors reported killed
1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
,
Iranian Military
,
YPG
View Incident
→
Incident Date
12 June 2021
Incident Codes
IRS009 YS106 RS4567
Location
مشفى الشفاء, Al Shifaa Hospital, Aleppo, Syria
At least 13 civilians, including four hospital staff and a pregnant woman, two to five other women, and one to three children, were killed and up to 50 others, including 11 hospital staff, were injured in alleged airstrikes and/or artillery shelling of Al-Shifaa Hospital in Afrin on June 12, 2021. Responsibility for the strikes is…
Summary
Published
12 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
Healthcare
Civilians reported killed
13–23
Civilians reported injured
15–50
Military actors reported killed
3
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
YPG
,
Russian Military
,
Turkish Military
,
Iranian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
10 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4564
Location
ابلين, Ebleen, Idlib, Syria
Between six and 13 civilians, including a woman and two children, were killed and others were wounded in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes and artillery strikes on the town of Ebleen on June 10, 2021. According to Euphrates Post, "the Assad regime forces bombed with missiles and heavy artillery the town of "Iblin" in Idlib…
Summary
Published
10 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
8–13
Civilians reported injured
13–15
Military actors reported killed
3–5
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
8 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4563
Location
ابلين, Ebleen, Idlib, Syria
At least one civilian, a child, was killed and two other children were injured in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes on the town of Ebleen on June 8, 2021. The Syrian Network for Human Rights (SN4HR) reported that "the shelling resulting in the death of one child and the injury of two others in addition…
Summary
Published
8 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
7 June 2021
Incident Code
RS4562
Location
بليون, Balioun, Idlib, Syria
At least one man was killed and another civilian was wounded in an alleged Russian or regime airstrike on Balioun villiage on June 7, 2021. Sources are contested as to whether the man killed was a civilian, with one source referring to him as a fighter. According to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, "a man…
Summary
Published
7 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
0–1
Civilians reported injured
1
Military actors reported killed
0–1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
5 June 2021
Incident Code
TS469
Location
كالوتا, Kalota, Aleppo, Syria
At least one civilian, a child, was killed and three others were wounded in alleged Turkish strikes on Kalota village on June 5, 2021. A tweet from @RojavaIC reported that "a 13yo child, Zeynab Hussain Ibrahim Bento, died in Kalota village, Shehba, when her family house was hit by shells from Turkish-occupied Afrin." In addition to…
Summary
Published
5 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
2–3
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Turkish Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
5 June 2021
Incident Code
TI061
Location
مخمور, Makhmour Refugee Camp, Erbil, Iraq
At least three people were killed and up to five others were injured in an alleged Turkish drone strike on Makhmour Refugee Camp south of Erbil in Kurdistan, Iraq. The Turkish government and their sources refer to those killed as members of the PKK while local and international sources refer to those killed and wounded…
Summary
Published
5 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike
(
Drone Strike
)
Civilians reported killed
0–3
Civilians reported injured
2–5
Military actors reported killed
0–3
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Turkish Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
2–3 June, 2021
Incident Code
USSOM338-C
Location
Ceel-Cadde, Gedo, Somalia
At least one civilian, a woman, was killed and up to seven other civilians, including five children, were injured alleged US drone strikes or Kenyan airstrikes on the town of Ceel-Cadde in the Gedo region on June 2-3, 2021. Halgan Media reported that suspected US drones or Kenyan fighter jets carried out strikes on a home…
Summary
Published
2 June 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike
(
Drone Strike
)
Civilians reported killed
1–2
Civilians reported injured
4–7
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
View Incident
→
Incident Date
26 May 2021
Incident Code
TI059
Location
بهيري, Behri, Duhok, Iraq
At least two civilians were injured in alleged Turkish air or artillery strikes on the village of Behri in Zakho District at 2:30 am on May 26th 2021, according to local media reports. Kurdistan24 said that two brothers were wounded "as a result of repeated Turkish artillery shelling". Asharq News also reported that two people…
Summary
Published
26 May 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Turkish Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
25 May 2021
Incident Code
TI058
Location
ادني, Edny, Duhok, Iraq
At least one civilian was injured in alleged Turkish shelling on Edny village in Amedi district (Amadiyah) of Dohuk governorate on May 25, 2021. According to Rudaw Media Network, "Turkish shelling today resulted in the injury of a young man from the village of "Dishish" with bleeding, and he was taken to Kani Masi Hospital for…
Summary
Published
25 May 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilians reported injured
1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Turkish Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
20 May 2021
Incident Code
PALIS033
Location
عسقلان, אשקלון, Ashkelon, Southern, Israel
A rocket fired by Al Qassam directly hit a home in Ashkelon, injuring two civilians and causing damage to the building and surrounding area. Al Qassam claimed responsibility for the attack in a Telegram post that stated at 12:59 "Al-Qassam Brigades bombard occupied Ashkelon with a missile launch" and added at 13:18 "The enemy admits that a [settler]…
Summary
Published
20 May 2021
Strike Type
Artillery
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Palestinian Militants
View Incident
→
Incident Date
20 May 2021
Incident Code
M21ISPT130
Location
حي معان ,خان يونس, Ma’an neighborhood, Khan Younis, Khan Younis, Palestinian territories
Between three and four civilians, including two children, were injured when an unexploded missile landed in a home east of Ma'an on May 20, 2021. According to Al Mezan, Israeli missiles struck the home of brothers Muhammad and Munis Muhareb, in the customs police area east of Ma'an. However, the missile did not explode and…
Summary
Published
20 May 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike
Civilians reported injured
3–4
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
,
Planted explosives and unexploded ordnance (UXO)
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
20–21 May, 2021
Incident Code
PALIS032
Location
بيري, בארי, Beeri, Southern, Israel
A man was injured in a reported Palestinian rocket attack on the Kibbutz of Be'eri in southern Israel, on May 20th 2021, according to local reports. The Magon David Adom ambulance service said its staff provided medical care to a 53-year-old man who was transported to hospital in a light condition. Walla News reported the…
Summary
Published
20 May 2021
Strike Type
Artillery
Civilians reported injured
1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Palestinian Militants
View Incident
→
Incident Date
20 May 2021
Incident Code
M21ISPT124
Location
عمارة الرائد, Al Raed building, Gaza, Palestinian territories
Up to seven civilians including a baby were injured, one seriously, in a strike on an apartment building in the al-Rimal neighbourhood of Gaza City in the afternoon of May 20, 2021. Various sources report an airstrike hitting the al-Raed building, which was a mixed-use residential and commercial building, destroying the apartment and ground-floor shops,…
Summary
Published
20 May 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike
Civilians reported injured
4–7
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident
→
Incident Date
20 May 2021
Incident Code
M21ISPT125
Location
حي العطاطرة ، بيت لاهيا, Al Atatira neighborhood, Beit Lahiya, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
On May 20th, 2021, at 11:55 AM one man was reported killed and one woman was reported injured by an Israeli drone missile in the al-Atatira neighborhood of Beit Lahiya, in northern Gaza. The man was identified as 34-year-old Hashem Shaher al-Shorfa, and the woman was identified as Reham Sayed al-Attar. Multiple news and Twitter…
Summary
Published
20 May 2021
Strike Type
Airstrike
(
Drone Strike
)
Civilians reported killed
0–1
Civilians reported injured
1
Military actors reported killed
0–1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident
→
←
1
…
88
89
90
91
92
…
182
→