All Belligerents in Libya, 2011

37 – 80

(6 children1 woman1 man)

40–131

Libyan National Army, United Arab Emirates Military

25 named

قاعدة طرابلس وبنغازي ومصراتة وسرت والوطية الجوية, Tripoli, Benghazi, Misurata, Sirte and Al Watyah airbase, Surt, Libya

LOCATION

Between 48 and 64 civilians were killed during the first day of NATO airstrikes in Libya, according to Gaddafi regime media. However, these numbers are heavily contested by non-partisan sources. Doualia wrote at the time: “Air strikes on several Libyan cities killed 48 people and wounded 150 in ‘civilian areas,’ a statement on Libyan state

Summary

48 – 64

150

الجيزة, Giza, Surt, Libya

LOCATION

Campaign overview: The United States began a major air campaign in support of and at the request of GNA ground forces, to oust ISIS from the city of Sirte. Complete official records of the US campaign at Sirte – which saw 497 airstrikes on the city to December 5th 2016 – can be found here.

Summary

30 – 50

Government of National Accord, US Forces

القلعة, Al Qala, Murzuq, Libya

LOCATION

At least 42 civilians were reportedly killed in an LNA or Emirati airstrike on Murzuq in one of the biggest civilian harm events in Libya since 2011. Al Jazeera said: “At least 42 people have been killed and dozens wounded in an air raid in southern Libya, an official said, as the United-Nations recognised government

Summary

Airstrike, Drone Strike

42 – 45

51–60

Libyan National Army, United Arab Emirates Military

تاجوراء , Tajoura, Tarabulus, Libya

LOCATION

Up to 40 civilians were killed in Tajoura by a NATO airstrike, according to a senior Vatican official based in Tripoli at the time. Reuters reported on the incident: “At least 40 civilians have been killed in air strikes by Western forces on Tripoli, the top Vatican official in the Libyan capital said Thursday, citing

Summary

قنفودة, Ganfouda, Benghazi, Libya

LOCATION

Various sources reported that between 20 and 31 civilians were killed and around 30 more injured as a result of airstrikes in Ganfouda. Two targets appear to have been struck – a residential home and a prison. While some sources claimed the attack was conducted by an unknown foreign drone, others blame the LNA or

Summary

20 – 31

(3 women1–2 men)

Libyan National Army, French Military

27 named, 1 familiy identified

زليتن, Zliten, Marqab, Libya

LOCATION

Several civilians were killed by a NATO airstrike near Zliten, according to the Gaddafi regime television. France 24 said that “Libyan television announced the killing of dozens.” Al Jazeera wrote: “Libyan television said on Wednesday dozens of people were killed in Zliten in a bombardment by NATO warplanes. However, it was not possible to verify

Summary

12 – 24

مصراتة, Misurata, Misrata, Libya

LOCATION

At least 16 civilians were reportedly killed in indiscriminate shelling by Gaddafi regime forces on Misurata. Human Rights Watch reported: “Libyan government forces have launched indiscriminate rocket and mortar attacks on residential neighborhoods in the rebel-held city of Misrata, Human Rights Watch said today. One strike, apparently by a Grad rocket, killed at least eight

Summary

(4–6 children4–6 women3 men)

16 – 23

Libyan rebel forces, Other, Unknown

Suspected targets

قنفودة, Ganfouda, Benghazi, Libya

LOCATION

Up to 21 civilians were reportedly killed in airstrikes on Benghazi. Three local families were reportedly killed as well as 11 Sudanese workers. While the majority of sources named the LNA as the belligerent, Libya Mostakbal claimed that is was conducted by a ‘Predator’ drone which isn’t part of the LNA air force. However, UAE

Summary

LOCATION

سرت‎, Sirte, Surt, Libya

A “large number” of civilians was reported killed in NATO airstrikes on Sirte, according to the Gaddafi regime. Mohamed Abd El Rahman reported on Facebook that “the Libyan regime said that the coalition launched raids on Tripoli and Zuwara and Misurata (west) and Sirte since Saturday and targeted Sirte on Monday, especially the airports, which

Summary

10 – 20

بنغازي‎, Benghazi: Ganfouda 12 building complex, Benghazi, Libya

LOCATION

Two sources reported an LNA airstrike in Benghazi’s Ganfouda neighbourhood. A Twitter source said it hit the 12 Building complex. The Libya Herald reported that soldiers discovered a mass grave in the heavily sieged area: “Soldiers have also today uncovered a mass grave in Ganfouda which contains an unknown number of bodies. Forensic experts are

Summary

10 – 20

باب العزيزية, Bab Al Azizia, Tarabulus, Libya

LOCATION

Between three and 19 civilians were reported killed and as many as 150 wounded following a NATO airstrike on Tripoli. Syria Libya wrote: “Tripoli is now exposed to bombardment and confirmed news of the wounded and the killing of civilians and Qatar pays the bill.” RT showed images of the victims and said: “Tripoli reports

Summary

3 – 19

24–150

صرمان, Surman, Al Zawiyah, Libya

LOCATION

Between 13 and 19 civilians were reportedly killed in a NATO airstrike on Surman. The New York Times published a detailed report of the event: “The Qaddafi government used the strike for propaganda purposes. It claimed as many as 19 civilians were killed and put up portraits of the victims across Tripoli. Khaled offered a

Summary

13 – 19

(5 children4 women3 men)

3–6

13 named, 2 families identified

الرجمة, Al Rajma, Benghazi, Libya

LOCATION

According to the Daily Telegraph, 19 civilians were killed after explosions in a munitions depot in Ar Rajma near Benghazi. It is unclear whether the incident was caused by an airstrike by the Gaddafi regime. The Telegraph wrote at the time: “The cause of the explosions was not immediately clear, although most local residents ruled

Summary

Airstrike and/or Artillery

(2 women)

Libyan rebel forces, Unknown

Gaddafi Forces

Suspected targets

الفتايح, Al Fatayeh, Darnah, Libya

LOCATION

In the first significant civilian casualty report in several months, various sources said that between 12 and 18 civilians were killed in an airstrike in Al-Fatayih – among them up to eight children and five women. In addition, 25 to 30 people were reported injured in the strike. Most sources claim Egypt was responsible for

Summary

12 – 18

15–30

Egyptian Military, United Arab Emirates Military, Libyan National Army

قنفودة, Ganfouda, Benghazi, Libya

LOCATION

Two sources reported that ten civilians were killed as the result of seven LNA airstrikes on Ganfouda. According to Arabi21, two families were killed, (including three children, their mother and father in one of the families) as well as foreign workers. Al Jazeera reported that “10 civilians were killed and 32 others, including Arabs and

Summary

10 – 16

French Military, United Arab Emirates Military, Libyan National Army

مرسى البريقة, Brega, Al Wahat, Libya

LOCATION

Between 11 and 16 civilians were reported killed in a NATO airstrike on Brega. Both the BBC and the Washington Post said that eleven clerics were killed in the attack, while Reuters noted that “Nine imams were among 11 people killed in a strike on a guest house in the eastern city of Brega on Friday,

Summary

11 – 16

(9–11 men)

Known belligerent

NATO forces

Known targets

Gaddafi forces, Other

كلية الهندسة العسكرية, College of Military Engineering, Tarabulus, Libya

LOCATION

Several civilians were reportedly killed in a NATO airstrike on Tajoura, east of Tripoli. BBC Arabic said at the time: “Libyan officials early on Thursday took a group of journalists to a hospital in Tripoli to see what they said were 18 charred corpses of soldiers and civilians killed in coalition raids overnight. Western planes bombed

Summary

8 – 16

(2 children)

مرسى البريقة, Brega, Al Wahat, Libya

LOCATION

A NATO airstrike on Brega killed 15 civilians, according to Gaddafi regime television. Sky News Australia wrote: “NATO strike in eastern Libya kills 15 – Libyan TV says a NATO air strike in the town of Brega has killed 15 people”. Emirates247 provided a more detailed report: “Libyan state television said a Nato air strike

Summary

السواني, Al Swani, Tarabulus, Libya

LOCATION

Between one and 12 civilians were allegedly killed by indiscriminate shelling on Al-Swani. Tripoli Now reported: “Indiscriminate shelling of innocent people and their homes in Al-Swani axis, which led to the death of two families. Another family was injured and 12 civilians were killed so far.” Libya Alahrar TV said one civilian was killed in

Summary

1 – 12

5–20

Government of National Accord, Libyan National Army

العوينات, Al Uwaynat, Ghat, Libya

LOCATION

Eleven civilians were reported killed as a result of a US airstrike near Al Uwaynat. The event marks the biggest single allegation of civilian harm against the United States in Libya so far. Initial reports had indicated that the US had targeted Al Qaeda members with a precision strike near the town in the south

Summary

0 – 11

(11 men)

الجفرة‎, Jufra, Al Jufrah, Libya

LOCATION

Several local sources reported LNA strikes near Jufra air base. One source mentioned two killed GNA fighters. Other sources claimed that 21 fighters belonging to a militia from Benghazi and the Chadian opposition got killed and 30 more got injured. Marwan Dirgash reported that the airstrike led to “many civilian casualties” but didn’t give an

Summary

5 – 10

عمارة شنيب, Shneib building, Darnah, Libya

LOCATION

Between one and 10 civilians died and up to nine more were wounded in alleged LNA airstrikes on residential areas of Derna, local sources said. Arabi 21 put the death toll at one, reporting that “a civilian was killed and eight wounded on Saturday in an air strike on a plane belonging to retired Brigadier General

Summary

1 – 10

8–9

الزنتان, Zintan, Al Jabal al Gharbi, Libya

LOCATION

Between six and ten civilians were killed and 26 more injured in air and artillery shelling by Gaddafi forces on Zintan, according to Al Jazeera. The news outlet reported: “Six civilians were killed in a bombardment carried out today by the Gaddafi Brigades on the city of Zintan, and the bombing cut off electricity and

Summary

6 – 10

مشروع نينا الزّراعي, Ninah Agricultural Project, Al Jufrah, Libya

LOCATION

Seven civilians were reportedly killed in an airstrike in the vicinity of Ninah Agricultural Project near Sokna. Multiple outlets including the Libyan Observer reported seven dead and at least four wounded. Alsdaa Alibya listed six women and one child among the victims, naming them in a Facebook post. The sources claim that the strike came

Summary

7 – 9

(1 child6 women)

3–20

Government of National Accord

10 named

مستشفى القلب تاجوراء, Tajoura Heart Hospital, Tarabulus, Libya

LOCATION

Nine civilians were reported killed by LNA airstrikes on Tajoura, Tripoli, on June 15th. Numerous sources initially cite the injuring of nine civilians in the airstrike, yet later sources, Business Standard and Xinhua, allege the death of nine civilians in the attack. Meanwhile, Athabat news state that nine civilians were wounded, and one killed in

Summary

1 – 9

(1 child2 women)

2 named, 1 familiy identified

بيت علي مخر الغراري, House of Ali Mukhar Al Gharari, Tarabulus, Libya

LOCATION

Between five and nine civilians were reported killed in a NATO airstrike on Tripoli. NATO later acknowledged likely causing civilian harm in the event. Amnesty gave a detailed account of the incident in its Libya investigation: “On 19 June 2011 at about 1.30 am the home of Mukhtar al-Gharari, located in a densely built-up area

Summary

5 – 9

(2 children1 woman2 men)

Known belligerent

NATO forces

Known targets

Gaddafi forces, Other

12 named, 1 familiy identified

قرضة, Qaradah, Wadi ash Shati, Libya

LOCATION

France allegedly conducted airstrikes in Qaradah north of Sabha which killed Al Qaeda leader Abdul Muneim al-Hasnawi, also known as Abu Talha al-Libi and six other members of the organisation. The mayor of the city, Hassen Matoug, contested the events on Facebook and claimed that up to eight civilians were killed in the attack. He

Summary

4 – 8

French Military

4 named, 1 familiy identified

ام الرشراش, Umm Al Rashrash, Marqab, Libya

LOCATION

An LNA airstrike reportedly hit a Libya Dawn camp in Tarhuna. While most sources reported no civilians and only a few Libya Dawn fighters dead, two sources said that eight internally displaced Tawergha were killed in the attack. Middle East Eye quoted a Libya Dawn spokesperson: “Eight Libyan civilians died in the strike. Sadly this

Summary