Israeli Military in Syria & the Gaza Strip

A child uses his mobile device in the ruins of a building in Beit Lahia, Gaza Strip on May 26th 2021. © Mohamed Zaanoun

Belligerent
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

November 20, 2015

Incident Code

RS180

LOCATION

العشارة‎, Ashara, Deir Ezzor, Syria

One civilian girl died “as a result of Russian bombing” at Ashara, according to Deir Ezzor Is Being Slaughtered and others. The Violations Documentation Center named one woman or child as a victim of alleged shelling by Russian warplanes. It lists her as killed in Ashara, Deir Ezzor. Maha had previously been injured in an

Summary

First published
November 20, 2015
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
6
(0–1 children2–3 women2–3 men)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
6 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

March 8, 2015

Incident Code

CS062

LOCATION

Mundbaith Refinery, Tal Abyad, Raqqa, Syria

Up to 30 people, including civilian oilworkers and alleged ISIL militants, died in a night time strike on Mundbaith Refinery according to multiple reports. Ara noted that “The bombing also caused the breaking of glass in houses near the border including shops on the Turkish side, causing panic among the population, and the evacuation of

Summary

First published
March 8, 2015
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
No
Civilians reported killed
2 – 15
Civilians reported injured
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

December 30, 2015

Incident Code

RS332

LOCATION

خان السبل, Khan Subul, Idlib, Syria

One adult male, Bahaa Mohammad al-Sabouh (pictured) was reported killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on Khan Subul. Step News said that “Russian planes launched several air raids on the town of Khan Subul and Mount Shahshabo from the southern countryside of Idlib, resulting in one civilian death in Khan Subul and several injuries among civilians.” However

Summary

First published
December 30, 2015
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0 – 1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

January 6, 2016

Incident Code

RS347

LOCATION

حزة, Hazzah, Damascus, Syria

Six civilians were reported killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on Hazzah village near Kafr Batna. Two victims were named by the VDC as having died at Kafr Batna itself, though all other sources placed their deaths at Hazzah. The VDC also listed two  unnamed members of the al Sadiq family as having died in

Summary

First published
January 6, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
6
(4 men)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
6 named
View Incident

Incident date

June 26, 2017

Incident Code

CS1130a

LOCATION

Raqqa, Syria

In the Amnesty and Airwars’s joint April 2019 report “War in Raqqa: Rhetoric versus Reality”, three civilians were reportedly killed in alleged Coalition airstrikes in Raqqa. Although Airwars assesses single-sourced incidents as “weak”, researchers have assessed this incident “fair” due to the depth of material provided by Amnesty. The report stated that “Three members of

Summary

First published
June 30, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
3
(1 woman2 men)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Named victims
3 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

June 27, 2016

Incident Code

RS946

LOCATION

أورم الكبرى, Urma al Kubra, Aleppo, Syria

Local media reported that an alleged Russian strike on an aid store house in Urma al-Kubra killed one woman and wounded up to 12 other civilians. According to sources on the ground, the targeted building belonged the aid organisation “Big Heart”. Step News Agency said that “one of the refineries and a fuel oil plant

Summary

First published
June 27, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
2–12
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

June 5, 2016

Incident Code

CS224b

LOCATION

western Raqqa countryside, Raqqa, Syria

A single source, Al Araby al Jaddid , reported that  “Coalition aircraft launched air raids on the area of ​​Abu Qubea in the western Raqqa countryside, killing two civilians and wounding ten others”. No further details are currently available. In the first of their March 2020 civilian casualty reports, the US-led Coalition assessed reports that they

Summary

First published
June 5, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
Civilians reported injured
10
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
View Incident

Incident date

January 9, 2016

Incident Code

RS359

LOCATION

سفلانية, Suflaniyah, Aleppo, Syria

Five civilians including three women and two children were killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on Saflaneh, according to the Violations Documentation Centre.  

Summary

First published
January 9, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
(2 children3 women)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
5 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

October 1, 2018

Incident Code

CS1802

LOCATION

مسجد الهشيم السوسة , Al Soussa: al Hashim mosque, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Local media reported that the US-led Coalition bombed the al Hashim mosque in al Soussa. However, it was unclear whether the 29 to 33 people reported killed were civilians or members of ISIS. The Step News Agency said that the strike was carried out at dawn on October 1st, while the Syrian Network for Human

Summary

First published
October 1, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0 – 33
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
View Incident

Incident date

January 12, 2016

Incident Code

RS382

LOCATION

قاضي عسكر, Qadi A'skar, Aleppo, Syria

Seven to ten civilians were killed and dozens injured in an alleged Russian airstrike on a mosque in Qadi A’skar, according to a number of sources. Activists told Shaam News that Russian warplanes targeted the mosque of Agha Jakk during afternoon prayers, resulting in the deaths of 10 people with dozens more wounded. The Syrian Observatory

Summary

First published
January 12, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
7 – 10
Civilians reported injured
12
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

November 28, 2018

Incident Code

CS1861

LOCATION

الشعفة, Al Shaafa, Deir Ezzor, Syria

According to local sources, an alleged Coalition airstrike targeted Al Sha’afa and killed one civilian man. The Youth of al Soussa reported that Ali Jassim Mohammed Al Furaiji died in “treacherous raids” on the town, though did not specify a culprit. Hajin News and the Syrian Observatory blamed the US-led Coalition. According to the Syrian Network,

Summary

First published
November 28, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Suspected target
ISIS
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

January 16, 2016

Incident Code

RS400

LOCATION

تل رفعت, Tall Rif`at, Aleppo, Syria

Two civilians were killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on Tel Rifa’at, according to the Shaam News Network. SNN reported that 10 civilians were killed in airstrikes on the cities and towns of the northern countryside of Aleppo since Saturday morning: four in Ma’arsta al-Khan, two in Hayyan, two in Tel Rifa’at and two in Tamoura, in addition to dozens wounded. According to a Tweet

Summary

First published
January 16, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

January 20, 2019

Incident Code

CS1889

LOCATION

المناطق تحت سيطرة داعش, al-Murshada and al-Safatna areas, Deir Ezzor, Syria

A single source, Step News, reported that a number of civilians were killed and injured in the vicinity of al-Murshada and al-Safatna villages (in addition to members of ISIS), as a result of “triple artillery bombardment by the regime forces, the French artillery stationed in the Abulhassan desert, the artillery of the Iraqi army and

Summary

First published
January 20, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 4
Civilians reported injured
2–4
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
View Incident

Incident date

January 18, 2016

Incident Code

RS418

LOCATION

حيان, Hayyan, Aleppo, Syria

One adult female civilian, was killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on Hayyan, according to the Violations Documentation Centre. No further details are currently available.  

Summary

First published
January 18, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 woman)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

July 14, 2020

Incident Code

RS4512

LOCATION

كنصفرة, Kansafra, Idlib, Syria

Two civilians, a man and a woman, were reported injured in alleged Russian or Syrian airstrikes or artillery shelling in the town of Kansafra in the southern countryside of Idlib on July 14th 2020, according to local sources. All sources reporting on civilian harm from the incident in Kansafra consistently mention that two civilians, a

Summary

First published
July 14, 2020
Last updated
March 1, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Artillery, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

June 29, 2016

Incident Code

RS958

LOCATION

المسرب, Al Masreb, Deir Ezzor, Syria

At least four civilians, including two children and one woman, were killed in airstrikes on the village al-Mashreb, reported local media – though sources were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were responsible for the deaths. Most sources, including Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently, al-AMAWI, Baladi News and the Syrian Network

Summary

First published
June 29, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4
(2 children1 woman1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Unknown, Syrian Regime
Named victims
4 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

October 15, 2020

Incident Code

CS1950

LOCATION

عرب سعيد, Arab Saeed, Idlib, Syria

A child and a humanitarian worker were reported killed, in addition to two leaders from Al Qaeda affiliated Hurras Addin group, and other civilians reported injured after a US drone allegedly struck two cars simultaneously in Arab Sa’eed town, west of Idlib in Syria on October 15th, 2020. On October 29th, the organisation Bonyan announced

Summary

First published
October 15, 2020
Last updated
March 18, 2022
Strike status
Declared strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(1 child1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
2–5
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Confirmed
A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
Known belligerent
US-led Coalition
Known targets
Al Qaeda/HTS, ISIS
Named victims
1 named
Belligerents reported killed
2
View Incident

Incident date

July 1, 2016

Incident Code

RS965

LOCATION

حي طريق الباب, Tareeq al-Bab (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Heavy shelling by warplanes was reported on the commercial market of Tareeq al Bab. Sources blamed either Russian and Syrian Regime warplanes, or both. Strikes reportedly killed between 12 and 30 civilians with “dozens injured.” The Syrian Network for Human Rights reported the use of missiles and blamed the regime for the destruction. According to

Summary

First published
July 1, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
12 – 30
(7 children5 women8 men)
Civilians reported injured
12–33
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
12 named
View Incident

Incident date

May 13, 2022

Incident Code

ISSY022

LOCATION

محيط دمشق, Al-Suqaidi village, Maysaf city, Damascus, Syria

On May 13th 2022, five to six people were reported killed, one was reported to be a civilian, and seven to nine were injured, including one child, a young girl, when Israeli missiles hit the Central region of Syria in the vicinity of Al-Suqaidi village, Maysaf city, in the Hama countryside. Al Araby news reported

Summary

First published
May 13, 2022
Last updated
June 10, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
1–9
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Suspected target
Iranian military
Belligerents reported killed
4–5
Belligerents reported injured
2–8
View Incident

Incident date

February 19, 2016

Incident Code

RS638

LOCATION

العرضي, Al A'ardi (Deir ez-Zor), Deir Ezzor, Syria

Twelve civilians died, including seven from the same family, in alleged Russian airstrikes on the Al A’ardi neighbourhood according to local sources. Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently reported 12 deaths in two Russian raids, while Shaam News Network said Russian warplanes “targeted civilians’ homes directly“. Both Al Jazeera and Alsory__Alhor also reported Russian strikes,

Summary

First published
February 19, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
12
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

July 1, 2022

Incident Code

ISSY024

LOCATION

سهل عكار, Sahel Akkar, Tartus, Syria

At least two civilians, including a woman, were injured in alleged Israeli strikes on Hamidiya town on July 2, 2022. According to the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA), two civilians, including a woman, were injured and material damage was caused when Israeli missiles struck a number of poultry farms near Hamidiya town. A military source

Summary

First published
July 2, 2022
Last updated
July 5, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian infrastructure
Agriculture
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Suspected targets
Hezbollah, Iranian military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

May 30, 2016

Incident Code

RS822

LOCATION

الكوم, Al Kom, Homs, Syria

According to multiple local sources, Russian or regime airstrikes took place in Al Kom near the ancient city of Palmyra – killing at least five non-combatants. . The Syrian Network for Human Rights blamed the regime, putting the death toll at seven non-combatants, including two women and two children. Al Jisr also blamed the regime.

Summary

First published
May 30, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5 – 7
(2 children2 women)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
3 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

April 22, 2022

Incident Code

TS502a

LOCATION

شارع 48، كوباني, Street 48, Kobani, Aleppo, Syria

One civilian was injured in alleged Turkish strikes on a shop on Street 48 in the city of Kobani on April 22, 2022. North Press Agency originally put the number of civilians injured at one “slightly injured”, identifying the victim as Muhammad Khalil Bako, the owner of a shop on Street 48 that was bombed. “Bako”

Summary

First published
April 22, 2022
Last updated
November 10, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
Geolocation
Exact location (via Airwars)
View Incident

Incident date

May 11, 2016

Incident Code

RS796

LOCATION

Ibn Khaldoun (Ar Raqqahh), Raqqa, Syria

Four or five civilians including three children and one women died in airstrikes on the Ibn Khaldoun neighborhood of Ar Raqqa, according to local sources which also said that a school was targeted – though reports are conflicted as to whether this was the work of Russia or the Assad regime. The Shaam News Network

Summary

First published
May 11, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian infrastructure
School
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
(3 children1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
3 named
View Incident

Incident date

October 16, 2019

Incident Code

YS053

LOCATION

الرافع, Al Rafi´, Raqqa, Syria

Between one and four civilians including a child were reported killed and many others injured in an alleged YPG artillery strike on Al Rafi’ village near Ain Issa city in Raqqa, on October 16th 2019, according to local media sources. Balaid said that “four civilians were killed and eight others were wounded” – and blamed

Summary

First published
October 17, 2019
Last updated
August 23, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1 – 4
(1 child)
Civilians reported injured
1–8
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
YPG, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

January 27, 2016

Incident Code

RS480

LOCATION

أبو حمام, Abu Hamam, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Four civilians including one women and two children were killed and several others injured in an alleged Russian airstrike on the al Shaitat area of Abu Hamam, according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights and Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently. The Syrian Observatory reported the deaths of two children, one woman and one man in a Russian

Summary

First published
January 27, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4
(2 children1 woman1 man)
Civilians reported injured
5
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

January 16, 2020

Incident Code

YS083

LOCATION

اعزاز, Azaz, Aleppo, Syria

Up to ten civilians were injured in alleged SDF or Syrian regime artillery strikes on the city of Azaz, Aleppo governorate, on January 16th, 2020, according to local sources. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights monitored “a missile strike carried out by the ‘Kurdish forces’ stationed in Maranaz within the northern sector of Aleppo countryside,

Summary

First published
January 16, 2020
Last updated
August 30, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
8–10
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
YPG, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

January 29, 2016

Incident Code

RS502

LOCATION

أعزاز‎, A`zaz, Aleppo, Syria

According to the Shaam News Network, Russian forces targeted the town of Azaz with two ballistic missiles, causing the death of one civilian and injury of several others. Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently published an image of a young man, who came from Raqqa and was said to have died in bombing. The source does not say which day the incident

Summary

First published
January 29, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 7, 2021

Incident Code

YS117

LOCATION

العلوات, Al Alwat, Aleppo, Syria

At least three civilians, including a child, were injured in alleged shelling by the Syrian Democratic Forces on the village of “Al-Alwat” in the northern countryside of Manbij on September 7, 2021. Baladi News was the only source to report on this incident. No other information is available at this time.

Summary

First published
September 7, 2021
Last updated
September 6, 2022
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
3
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Syrian Democratic Forces
View Incident

Incident date

February 25, 2016

Incident Code

RS668

LOCATION

درعا البلد, Dara al Balad, Daraa, Syria

Up to five civilians including one or two children died in an airstrike or artillery bombardment on Dara al Balad, according to local sources – though reports were conflicted as to whether this was a Russian strike or action by the Syrian regime. Among the sources blaming Russia were Khaled Abu Slem, Abn_Horan and Syria

Summary

First published
February 25, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1 – 5
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
5 named
View Incident