Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

October 20, 2021

Incident Code

R4405

LOCATION

اريحا, Ariha, Idlib, Syria

In what was widely referred to as a “massacre”, at least 13 civilians were killed and over 30 wounded in an alleged Russian or Syrian regime strike on a marketplace in Ariha on October 20th 2021. Most sources said that as many as four children were killed in the strike that took place in the

Summary

First published
October 20, 2021
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian infrastructure
School
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
13 – 14
(4–14 children1 woman5 men)
Civilians reported injured
30–63
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Syrian Regime, Russian Military, Iranian Military
Named victims
14 named, 2 families identified
View Incident

Incident date

January 3, 2022

Incident Code

R4434

LOCATION

بين أرمناز و كفرتخاريم, between Armanaz and Kafr Takharim, Idlib, Syria

Between two and five civilians, including a woman and up to three children, were injured in alleged Russian airstrikes between the town of Armanaz and the city of Kafr Takharim on January 3, 2022. According to the Syrian Civil Defense, a woman and her child were injured when Russian warplanes bombed two poultry farms on

Summary

First published
January 3, 2022
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2–5
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

August 13, 2022

Incident Code

R4458

LOCATION

بالقرب من بلدة النيرب بريف إدلب الجنوبي الشرقي, Near the town of Neirab in the southeastern countryside of Idlib, Idlib, Syria

One civilian, Amer Hussein al Asmar, from the town Halfaya was killed by a landmine explosion of the remnants of the battles near Jubas while he was collecting figs near the town of Neirab in the southeastern countryside of Idlib on August 13th 2022. Local media sources state that the victim was married and left

Summary

First published
August 13, 2022
Last updated
August 30, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Syrian Regime, Russian Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

November 14, 2022

Incident Code

R4489

LOCATION

معربليت, Maarbalit, Idlib, Idlib, Syria

On November 14th, 2022, according to local sources, one civilian, a man, was reportedly killed and another one injured while they were harvesting olives in farms near Maarbalit village, south of Idlib. The Syrian Civil Defense said the attack was conducted by heavy Syrian and Russian artillery shelling, while other local sources either blamed the

Summary

First published
November 17, 2022
Last updated
November 30, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian infrastructure
Agriculture
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected target
Unknown
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

June 22, 2023

Incident Code

R4520

LOCATION

سرمين, Sarmin, Idlib, Syria

On the evening of June 22, 2023, Sarmin, a town east of Idlib, was struck by intense artillery, allegedly carried out by the Syrian regime and/or Russian forces and resulting in the death of one woman and the injury of between five and six civilians, including four to five women and a young boy. According

Summary

First published
June 22, 2023
Last updated
July 20, 2023
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian infrastructure
Marketplace, Religious Institution, School
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Syrian Regime, Russian Military
Named victims
6 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

February 26, 2017

Incident Code

RS1926

LOCATION

مسكنة, Maskanah, Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

An unspecific number of civilians was wounded following an alleged airstrike on Maskanah, Aleppo. Only one sources blamed Russian warplanes; the others attributed blame to the Syrian regime. According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, the strikes occurred near the sugar planting town of Maskanah.  There are no other details at this time.

Summary

First published
February 26, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

September 2, 2023

Incident Code

R4551

LOCATION

كفرتعال, Kafr Ta’al, Aleppo, Syria

A resident of Kafr Ta’al in Western Aleppo died after being wounded in an artillery shelling — allegedly fired by the Syrian regime and/or Russian military — on the morning of September 2, 2023. Civilians had rushed the injured Abdu Ahmad Qudur to a hospital, where he died the same day. Teams from the Syrian Civil

Summary

First published
September 2, 2023
Last updated
February 6, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

October 7, 2023

Incident Code

R4588

LOCATION

الأتارب, Al Atareb, Aleppo, Syria

Shortly before 3:37 AM on Saturday, October 7th, 2023, a civilian man was killed and a number of civilians were reportedly injured due to an artillery strike with the contested responsibility – allededly perpetrated by the Syrian regime and/or Russian or Iranian military in the city of Al Atareb in the western countryside of Aleppo,

Summary

First published
October 7, 2023
Last updated
May 6, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
1–2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Syrian Regime, Russian Military, Iranian Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 9, 2017

Incident Code

RS2417

LOCATION

ابو الظهور باريسا , Barissa village west of Abual Duhur, Idlib, Syria

A ballistic missile landed on the village of Barissa in the Idlib countryside, injuring six civilians, according to sources on the ground. Reports were conflicted as to whether the missile was fired by Russia or the Assad regime. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that this was part of a series of explosions in

Summary

First published
September 9, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2–6
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident