Israeli Military in Syria & the Gaza Strip

A child uses his mobile device in the ruins of a building in Beit Lahia, Gaza Strip on May 26th 2021. © Mohamed Zaanoun

Belligerent
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

June 8, 2017

Incident Code

CS940

LOCATION

حي الدرعية, Dir'iya neighbourhood, Raqqa, Syria

An August 2017 Amnesty International report documented the death of a 60-year-man, who was killed in the Dir’iya neighbourhood in Raqqa city on June 8th. The report stated that several strikes, both air and artillery, hit the area on June 8th and 9th. Amnesty’s field researchers interviewed Intissar, who told them that her 60-year father,

Summary

First published
June 8, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

June 13, 2017

Incident Code

CS973

LOCATION

البرك, Raqqa, Burak area (location unknown), Raqqa, Syria

One civilian, named as Mohammad Qassem al Kibba, was killed in an alleged Coalition airstrike on Raqqa, according to local sources. Ahmad al Shibli, Q_Alenzy, 24Raqqa and Hammadi Al Hammadi all blamed the Coalition. Hammadi Al Hammadi said that the victim died in the Burak area.

Summary

First published
June 13, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

July 24, 2017

Incident Code

CS1265b

LOCATION

Raqqa, Syria

In the Amnesty and Airwars’s joint April 2019 report “War in Raqqa: Rhetoric versus Reality”, one civilian was reportedly killed in an alleged Coalition artillery strike in Raqqa. Although Amnesty researched this incident on the ground, Airwars has decided to grade it “weak” due to the depth of material provided. According to the Amnesty report,

Summary

First published
July 24, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Named victims
3 named
View Incident

Incident date

January 6, 2018

Incident Code

RS2859

LOCATION

حرستا, Harasta, Damascus, Syria

A woman was killed and more than 25 civilians were injured in air and artillery strikes which struck the residential neighbourhood of Harasta. Sources blamed both the Syrian regime and Russia for the raids, with some sources also reporting that there had been fighting on the ground between factions. One source mentioned that there were

Summary

First published
January 6, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
10–25
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

June 24, 2017

Incident Code

CS1071

LOCATION

الرقة‎, Ar Raqqah, Raqqa, Syria

A named civilian male was killed following an alleged Coalition airstrike in Raqqa, Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently reported. Mohab Naser also named the vicitm as killed by “warplanes”, but didn’t identify the culprit. No further details were available.  

Summary

First published
June 24, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

June 27, 2017

Incident Code

CS1103

LOCATION

جامع الحني, Al Hinni mosque, Raqqa, Syria

An 80-year-old man was killed in an alleged Coalition airstrike on or near the Al Hinni Mosque in Raqqa, local sources reported. The male was a resident of Al Mu’taaz Street where the mosque lies and where the strike took place. Four of five sources who reported the incident alleged that the Coalition was responsible.

Summary

First published
June 27, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

July 1, 2017

Incident Code

CS1135

LOCATION

شارع مدرسة حميدة, near Hamida School, Raqqa, Syria

A civilian male who initially survived an alleged Coalition white phosphorus attack on 1 July in the neighbourhood of Hamida School in Raqqa reportedly died of his injuries on July 16th. Initial images of his injuries near the time of the attack showed he suffered from severe burns and images which appear to be taken

Summary

First published
July 1, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

January 20, 2018

Incident Code

RS2921

LOCATION

حيش, Heesh, Idlib, Syria

One civilian was killed, according to local media, when airstrikes hit the vicinity of Heesh. Most local media blamed Russian warplanes, however some did not attribute blame. Civil Defence teams pulled the body from the rubble in the aftermath of the bombing on civilian homes in Heesh. According to @SyriaCivilDefe, cluster bombs and Russian rockets

Summary

First published
January 20, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

March 15, 2018

Incident Code

RS3278

LOCATION

عين ترما, Ein Tarma, Damascus, Syria

Multiple sources reported alleged Russian and regime air and artillery strikes on Ein Tarma on March 15, 2018. However, Airwars researchers have not found any claims of civilian harm.

Summary

First published
March 15, 2018
Last updated
June 20, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
No
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Discounted
Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

March 19, 2018

Incident Code

RS3309

LOCATION

كفرومة, Kafarouma, Idlib, Syria

Between four to seven civilians including children were injured in an alleged Russian forces airstrike on Kafrouma Village in Southern Idlib, March 19th, 2018. Smart News Agency, Micro Syria and Step News Agency blamed Russian forces warplanes for the strike and civilian harm. Smart News agency reported that “Warplanes carried out two raids with high-explosive

Summary

First published
March 19, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
4–7
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

April 16, 2018

Incident Code

RS3405

LOCATION

معرة حرمة, Ma'aret Harma, Idlib, Syria

Russian aircraft reportedly carried out four air raids on civilian homes in the town of Ma’ra Herma, injuring three civilians, according to local sources.

Summary

First published
April 16, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
3
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

March 27, 2018

Incident Code

RS3346

LOCATION

النقير, Al Naqir, Idlib, Syria

One woman was killed and up to three civilians were injured in alleged Russian and/or Syrian regime air and artillery strikes on the village of Al Naqir, Idlib governorate, on March 27th, 2018, according to local sources. HalabTodayTV reported that “a woman was killed and several people were wounded, and more than 10 houses were destroyed

Summary

First published
March 27, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
2–3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

March 31, 2018

Incident Code

RS3366

LOCATION

كفر زيتا, Kafar Zeita, Hama, Syria

Alleged Russian and regime air and artillery strikes bombarded Kafar Zeita, multiple local sources said. @syria0891 reported “intense missile strikes”, while @SHHAMA2012 tweeted footage showing “four airstrikes, two rockets hitting the city from Camp Bridge and Halfaya, about 45 rockets – and bombing with cluster bombs”. According to the Shaam News network, “Russian warplanes carried

Summary

First published
March 31, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

September 8, 2018

Incident Code

RS3544

LOCATION

عابدين, Abdin, Idlib, Syria

Six civilians including a girl and a woman were killed and five others including three children and a woman injured in alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Abdin town in Idlib on Sep 8th, 2018. Time of the incident remains unclear as some sources said it happened in the morning, while others mentioned

Summary

First published
September 8, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 6
(1 child1 woman1 man)
Civilians reported injured
4–6
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
Named victims
4 named
View Incident

Incident date

January 20, 2018

Incident Code

TS098

LOCATION

شيا عفرين, Shya, Aleppo, Syria

Afrin Now reported that “the Turkish army, based in the city of Izzaz, bombed the villages of Belonya, Malikya, Villat Qadi and Barada, resulting in the wounding of workers with light injuries.” In a related event, the Red Crescent reported that a 45 year old civilian male it named as Ibrahem Khalil Muhammad was injured

Summary

First published
January 20, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
3
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
3 named
View Incident

Incident date

January 27, 2018

Incident Code

TS130

LOCATION

جنديرس, Jindires, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

The Kurdish Red Crescent reported that nine civilians were injured in the Jinderes area of Afrin Canton. In a report shared with Airwars, nine injured civilians were named – listed below. The source Rodi Sad reported that a Turkish warplane struck a mosque in Jinderes. It published images showing destruction of the building but made

Summary

First published
January 27, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
9
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
9 named
View Incident

Incident date

February 7, 2018

Incident Code

TS161

LOCATION

جنديرس, Rajo, Afrin, Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

In a private report, the Kurdish Red Crescent named the following one civilian was wounded in an alleged Turkish shelling of Rajo. The type of weapon is unknown. No further details are currently available.

Summary

First published
February 7, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

February 13, 2018

Incident Code

TS193

LOCATION

قوطا شرقية,بلبل , Qota Sharqiya, Bulbul district, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

According to two sources, some civilians were injured followed an alleged Turkish shelling on Qota Sharqiya, Bulbul district. The Kurdish Red Crescent reported three civilians were injured followed an alleged Turkish shelling of Qota Sharqiya, Afrin. The Smart News Agency also reported three wounded civilians but cited the Kurdish Red Crescent report. One of the

Summary

First published
February 13, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
3
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
3 named
View Incident

Incident date

March 4, 2018

Incident Code

RS3168

LOCATION

الأربعين, Al Arbaeen, Hama, Syria

An unspecified number of civilians were reported to be wounded following alleged Russia air or artillery strikes on Al Arbaeen. Shaam was the only source to report on wounded civilians, while the rest simply stated there was bombing in the vicinity. Sources do however mention that there was heavy shelling, artillery fire and phosphorous bombs

Summary

First published
March 4, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

December 22, 2017

Incident Code

CS1701

LOCATION

هجين, Hajeen, Deir Ezzor, Syria

On August 30th 2018, the Coalition said it had concluded an assessment of possible civilian harm. In the report, the Coalition wrote: “December 22, 2017, near Hajin, Syria, via social media report. After a review of available information and strike video it was assessed that there is insufficient evidence to find civilians were harmed in

Summary

First published
December 22, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Discounted
Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
View Incident

Incident date

June 27, 2018

Incident Code

RS3481

LOCATION

طفس, Tafas, Daraa, Syria

Local sources reported that alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime forces airstrikes on Tafas in Dara’a on June 27th, 2018 led to injuries among civilians. Shaam Network reported that “the raids also resulted in  a number of wounded in  Daraa al-Balad, Ghariyah al-Sharqiya, al-Harak, Saida, Nahata, Kahil, Nawa, Tasil, al Soura, Ibta’a, Al Shaikh Saad,

Summary

First published
June 27, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

July 22, 2019

Incident Code

RS3938

LOCATION

بلدات متعددة في أدلب, several town in Idlib, Idlib, Syria

Russian and Syrian forces carried out a series of airstrikes on several locations in Idlib, according to local sources. According to Shaam News, many people were injured in the cities, towns and villages of Khan Sheikhoun, Kefarsgana, Sheikh Mustafa, Rakaya Sjana, Tara`i Hazareen Madaya and Hibeet And Maarazita and Kfroma and Kansfra and Al Fatyra

Summary

First published
July 22, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

June 30, 2018

Incident Code

RS3505

LOCATION

السهوة, al Sahwa, Daraa, Syria

Up to 19 civilians including three women and at least two Lebanese nationals were reported killed in alleged Russian forces, Iranian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Al Sahwa in Dara’a on June 30th, 2018. Dara’a Martyrs reported that “the warplanes of the regime forces targeted Al-Sahwah town in the eastern countryside of Daraa with

Summary

First published
June 30, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
15 – 17
(3 women12 men)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Iranian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
Named victims
15 named, 4 families identified
View Incident

Incident date

August 11, 2019

Incident Code

RS4006

LOCATION

كفرنبل, Kafar Nabl, Idlib, Syria

Five civilians from the same family were reported injured in an alleged Russian or Syrian airstrike or artillery shelling on Kafar Nabl, Idlib, on August 11th which was the first day of Eid Al-Adha. While an initial report stated that one woman was injured in the airstrike, all later sources indicated that the figure had

Summary

First published
August 11, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1–5
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

December 17, 2015

Incident Code

RS288

LOCATION

حي المرجة, Al Murja, Aleppo, Syria

Dozens were reported killed and injured in a friendly fire incident when Russian warplanes allegedly targeted Al Murja, killing dozens of regime fighters by mistake, according to the Shaam News Network. No further details are currently available.  

Summary

First published
December 17, 2015
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

October 10, 2019

Incident Code

TS301

LOCATION

En route to Girê Spî/ Tal Abyad, Raqqa, Syria

Three to five civilians were reported killed and many others injured in an alleged Turkish forces airstrike on a civilians’ convoy on the way from Raqqa to Tal Abyad city, on October 10th 2019, according to local media sources. The sources said the civilians were heading to Tal Abyad to participate in a protest against

Summary

First published
October 10, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
3
Civilians reported injured
5–10
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
6 named, 2 families identified
View Incident

Incident date

October 12, 2019

Incident Code

TS332

LOCATION

رأس العين, Ras Al Ain, Al Hassakah, Syria

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said that it had “documented from Tal Tamr Hospital the civilian injuries including children as a result of the Turkish ground and aerial bombardment on Ras Al-Ayn area”. According to the Kurdish Red Crescent list of civilians injured and killed between 9 and 13 October 2019, one of the

Summary

First published
October 12, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

January 17, 2016

Incident Code

RS416

LOCATION

وادي العرايس, Wadi Al A’rayess, Homs, Syria

The Shaam News Network published two videos depicting destruction in the Al Kalassi neighbourhood of Aleppo. The first showed a woman after she became homeless when “the aggressors destroyed her home“; the second depicted wounded civilians “following the strike on the area of Wadi Al A’rayess.” There are currently no further details  on the alleged strike or who was responsible for it.

Summary

First published
January 17, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

October 23, 2019

Incident Code

RS4114

LOCATION

معرة النعمان, Ma’arat Al Nu’man, Idlib, Syria

One civilian was killed on October 20th 2019 by fragments from an unexploded cluster bomb, that was dropped earlier by alleged Russian and/or Syrian regime warplanes in the city of Ma’aret Al Numan, as reported by several local sources. It is unclear when the bomb was dropped. Mostafa Abo Abdo said that the explosion took

Summary

First published
October 23, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Causes of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Planted explosives and unexploded ordnance (UXO)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

October 23, 2019

Incident Code

RS4115

LOCATION

بلدات متعدده, Several towns in Idlib, Idlib, Syria

The Shaam News Network reported: “Russian warplanes launched air strikes amid artillery shelling by the Assad forces on the city of Kafrnabal and the towns of Maarat Harmah, Hazarin, Al-Rakaya, Kafarsijah, Al-Taht, Sheikh Mustafa, Babolin, Rakaya Sijnah, Al-Raffa, Umm Jalal and Tal al-Nar, which resulted in civilian casualties.” No further details are currently available.

Summary

First published
October 23, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident