Russian Military in Ukraine

A member of the Ukrainian Emergency Service looks at the City Hall building in the central square following shelling in Kharkiv, Ukraine, on March 1, 2022. (AP Photo/Pavel Dorogoy)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Ukraine
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RUK015

Incident date

February 28, 2022

Location

вул. Велика Кільцева, Velika Kiltseva Street, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

49.927556, 36.435033 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Exact location (via Airwars) level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On February 28th 2022, an alleged Russian forces rocket and artillery hit 130 Velika Kiltseva Street in Kharkiv. As a result one civilian was reportedly killed and one to two civilians were injured.

Five civilian cars were reportedly set on fire, as a result of the shelling.

A report from Helsinki.org stated the following information: “On February 28, 2022, shells were fired along Velika Kiltseva Street in Kharkiv. As a result of the shelling, 5 passenger cars were on fire near the yard near the railing. 2 individuals suffered, 1 perished.”

Amnesty reported that “a third 300mm Smerch rocket salvo struck the area around a shopping centre and a car park in NE Kharkiv.” Amnesty also quoted a witness who said they saw two people severely injured in the area of the attack.

Kharkov Nash posted on Telegram that “it was a local “Grad” (multiple missile launcher); whether it was intentional or accidental” in reference to attacks in Kharkiv, but did not specify that this attack was Ukrainian sources or refer to the locations of the “Grad” attack.

This assessment has reference to ACLED code: UKR54214 and Bellingcat Code: CIV0084

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (10) [ collapse]

  • "Damage in Kharkiv presumably from Russian MLRS or artillery fire." (Image via @RALee85 / Twitter)
  • "Damage in Kharkiv presumably from Russian MLRS or artillery fire." (Image via @RALee85 / Twitter)
  • "Damage in Kharkiv presumably from Russian MLRS or artillery fire." (Image via @RALee85 / Twitter)
  • Obriy, Kharkiv (Image via @karinanguyen_ / Twitter)
  • "The fire on Bolshaya Koltsevaya Street in Kharkiv (Horizon microdistrict) was eliminated. It occurred on the afternoon of February 28 due to shelling from the air. This was reported by the Main Directorate of the State Emergency Service in the Kharkiv region. "As a result of the shelling, five cars burned in the yard near the high-rise building. Two people were injured, one died," the rescuers said." (Image via 2day.kh)

Geolocation notes (3) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention vehicles struck while parked on Velika Kiltseva Street (вул. Велика Кільцева) in the city of Kharkiv (Харків). Analysing audio-visual material from sources, we have narrowed the location down to the following coordinates: 49.927556, 36.435033.

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  • Tagged visual material from sources.

    Imagery:
    Truexanewsua

  • Tagged visual material from sources

    Imagery:
    Truexanewsua

  • Tagged visual material from sources

    Imagery:
    Truexanewsua

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RUK014

Incident date

February 28, 2022

Location

перехрестя вул. Бучми та вул. Гвардійців Широнинців, junction of Buchmy and Hvardiitsiv Shyronintsiv streets, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

50.028182, 36.354090 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On February 28th 2022, a reported Russian forces attack hit the junction of Buchmy and Hvardiitsiv Shyronintsiv streets in the city of Kharkiv, killing civilians. Most sources reported that this number was at least nine civilians, including children.  ACLED reported that ‘tens’ of people were killed, but this was coded as ten fatalities in their dataset. AOAV reported a higher number of deaths and put the toll at eleven. Kharkiv Human Rights Group reported that there were “dozens of dead, probably hundreds of wounded.” Hromadske news was the only source to report a lower number, reporting that “at least one person died.”

“Dozens” to “hundreds” were reported injured, a number which differed between local sources.

ACLED reported that this attack potentially included “thermobaric artillery”, and Russian forces using multiple rocket launchers and bombed with airstrikes.

Poradyorg.ua reported that the Advisor to the Minister of Internal Affairs, Anton Gerashchenko, said on Telegram that Russian forces’ shells hit a high-rise building in this area.

A tweet from @k2-3300 referred to “A large group of Ukrainian armed forces is being liquidated in garages on Buchma Street!” without reference to how many Ukrainian soldiers were killed, or if they died during the same attack.

This assessment has reference to ACLED code: UKR54214.

The incident occured at approximately 12:50 pm local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 12
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (7) [ collapse]

  • A reported Russian missile in Buchma Street, Kharkiv on February 28th 2022 (Image via Porady.org.ua)
  • A reported Russian missile in Buchma Street, Kharkiv on February 28th 2022 (Image via Porady.org.ua)
  • A reported Russian missile in Buchma Street, Kharkiv on February 28th 2022 (Image via Porady.org.ua)
  • A reported Russian missile in Buchma Street, Kharkiv on February 28th 2022 (Image via Porady.org.ua)
  • A reported Russian missile in Buchma Street, Kharkiv on February 28th 2022 (Image via Porady.org.ua)
  • A reported Russian missile in Buchma Street, Kharkiv on February 28th 2022 (Image via Porady.org.ua)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the junction of Buchmy Street (вул. Бучми) and Hvardiitsiv Shyronintsiv Street (вул. Гвардійців Широнинців) in the city of Kharkiv (Харків). The generic coordinates for this junction are: 50.028182, 36.354090. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 12
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RUK019

Incident date

February 28, 2022

Location

Рогань, Rohan’, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

49.901727, 36.486292 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian was killed and another civilian was injured by alleged Russian shelling of the village of Rohan on February 28, 2022.

The Kharkiv Human Rights Group reported that in the village of Rohan, a residential building was hit by artillery shelling and caught on fire, resulting in the death of one person and injury of another person.

Army Inform News referred to those killed and injured as “men”.

There were no other details available about the victims or the location.

This assessment has reference to ACLED code UKR54071.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • They hit two sleeping areas. Rohan and Oleksiivka. It is already known about 14 wounded and 3 dead Вдарили по двох спальних районах. Рогань та Олексіївка. Вже відомо про 14 поранених та 3 загиблих (Facebook post by Anna Annuschka)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Rohan (Рогань), for which the generic coordinates are: 49.901727, 36.486292. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RUK012

Incident date

February 27, 2022

Location

Кунье, Kunye, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

49.393164, 37.240925 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On February 27th, 2022, in Kunye village, in Izyumsky district, Kharkiv oblast, three civilians were reportedly killed and two injured by Russian shelling on a school. A fire was allegedly caused by the shelling that hit Zhovtneviy street. The head of Kunye rural territorial community, Nerses Nersisyan, reported that the shelling damaged the school and several houses nearby. @antiputler_news twitted that it occurred at around 8 pm local time. According to Valery Marchenko, chairman of Izyum city, the injured were taken to Izyumsky hospital for treatment.

According to several local sources, two civilians died where the attack took place, while another one later died in hospital. The chairman of Izyum city added that all the victims came from Kunye village.

The incident occured at approximately 8:00 pm local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Three civilians were reportedly killed and two others injured by a Russian shelling on a school in Kunye village, on February 27th, 2022. Source: 2day.kh
  • On February 27, 2022, a school was hit by Russian shelling, leading to 3 civilians killed and 2 injured in Kunye village. Source: Obrii.com

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the secondary school of Kunye (Кунье), for which the generic coordinates are: 49.393164, 37.240925. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.  

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RUK006

Incident date

February 26, 2022

Location

Безруки, Bezruky, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

50.171762, 36.119517 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian was reportedly killed as a result of Russian forces’ shelling of the village of Bezruky, in Kharkiv on February 26th 2022.

A Russian BMP, an infantry fighting vehicle, was reportedly abandoned and destroyed.

This assessment has reference to ACLED code UKR54063 and Bellingcat code CIV0174.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Anton Koval reported on Facebook that one civilian was killed in the village of Bezruka on February 26th 2022

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Bezruky (Безруки), for which the generic coordinates are: 50.171762, 36.119517. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RUK010

Incident date

February 26, 2022

Location

Волохів Яр, Volokhiv Yar, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

49.600219, 36.9786094 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On February 26th 2022, between one and five civilians were killed, including two 42 year old women and three young men, two who were born in 2000 and 2004, were reported killed and 14 others reported wounded when a passenger bus was hit by alleged Russian gunfire in the village of Volokhiv Yar, Kharkiv, Ukraine.

Espreso.tv put the death toll at five, and stated that “all five dead and wounded are from the local Toretsk community,” quoting the of the Donetsk regional administration Pavel Kirilenko. Other local sources from local media and Twitter put the death toll between one to five. Pravda News indicated that two 42 year old women were killed in this incident.

Multiple local sources including @insheTV5 identified the incident as occurring on the Izyum-Kharkov highway.

Kotenok Z, a Russian war correspondent, and Russian news site Donbass Today both reported that it was “possible” that Ukrainian forces could’ve carried out the shelling because of the “concentration of AFU equipment on Saltovka.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 5
  • (2 women3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    14
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • "On the Izyum-Kharkov highway, the Russian military fired at a passenger bus, 1 person was killed, 14 were injured." (Image via Samvel Sahakyan / Facebook)
  • "On Saturday, February 26, in the Kharkiv region on the Izyum-Kharkov highway, the Russian military fired on a passenger bus with people." (Image via Aif.ua)
  • "Russia continues to attack the civilian population of Ukraine. On the section of the Izyum-Kharkov highway, the enemy fired on a bus with civilians. There are wounded, one person died," Head of Kharkiv regional administration, Oleg Sinegubov said (Image via The Planet Press)
  • Invaders fired at a passenger bus on the Izyum-Kharkov highway: there is a victim, 14 wounded

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Volokhiv Yar (Волохів Яр), for which the generic coordinates are: 49.600219, 36.9786094. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 5
  • (2 women3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    14
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RUK009

Incident date

February 26, 2022

Location

Перехрестя вул ул. Героев труда и ул. Гвардейцев Широнинцев, Intersection of Heroiv Truda Streeet and Guardeitsev Shironintsev Street, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

50.021049, 36.347895 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Street level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Two to three civilians were reportedly killed as a result of Russian forces shelling on Saltovka, a residential area in Kharkiv oblast, on February 26th 2022.

The incident was reported to have taken place at the intersection of Heroe Truda Street and Guardeitsev Shironintsev Street.

Kharkiv Today was the source which provided most in-depth detail:

“Around 15:00, a public transport stop on the street came under fire. Heroes of labor. Trolleybuses were running on the route at that time. One of the pedestrians died. The driver Aleksey confirmed the information to Suspіlny. According to him, the contact network is cut off, trolleybuses cannot be sent to the depot.

Later it became known about the death of another person during the shelling on Saltovka. According to Prosecutor General Irina Venediktova, the type of weapon from which the shelling was carried out has not yet been established: explosions continue on the spot.”

The incident was reported between 15.00 and 19.09.

The incident occured between 3:00 pm and 7:09 pm local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the intersection of Heroiv Truda Street (ул. Героев труда) and Guardeitsev Shironintsev Street (ул. Гвардейцев Широнинцев), for which the generic coordinates are: 50.021049, 36.347895. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RUK011

Incident date

February 26, 2022

Location

вул. Бучми, 40А, Харків, 40a Buchma Street, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

50.026307, 36.364638 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On February 26th 2022, one elderly woman was reportedly killed when an alleged Russian forces artillery strike hit a residential nine storey building with the address of 40a Buchma Street, in Kharkiv.  20 other people were rescued and two were reportedly taken to hospital, injured.

Redpost.com reported that there was destruction of the “bearing wall of the staircase and flights of stairs from the 2nd to the 7th floors, building structures of apartments on the 4th, 5th and 6th floors were damaged.” It reported that the elderly women died as a result of the destruction that was caused by the artillery fire, who lived on the 5th floor.

The Kharkiv Regional Prosecutor’s Office announced an investigation into the incident based on a violation of the laws and customs of war related to premeditated murder (part 2 of article 438 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine).

The time of the incident was reported from 21.00 to 22.50.

The incident occured between 9:00 pm and 10:50 pm local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (6) [ collapse]

  • "22:50 Kharkiv. Buchma street." (@666shambala / Twitter)
  • "Yesterday, February 26, on the street. Buchmy, 40A at about 21:00 fired at a multi-storey residential building." (Image via Objective News)
  • "In Kharkov, the Russian military shelled the Saltovka area. Enemy fire destroyed the house. Shelling hit the house on Buchma Street. The entrance was damaged the most." (Image via 24tv)
  • "In Kharkov, the Russian military shelled the Saltovka area. Enemy fire destroyed the house. Shelling hit the house on Buchma Street. The entrance was damaged the most." (Image via 24tv)
  • "On February 26 at 21:20, number 101 received a message that as a result of enemy artillery ammunition hit a residential 9-storey building on the street. Buchma, 40a, in Kharkov, the bearing wall of the staircase was destroyed. The building structures of apartments on the 4th, 5th and 6th floors were damaged." (Image via Nv.ua news)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Destruction after an alleged Russian projectile hit Buchma Street on February 26th 2022 (Image via Newsroom)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the building of 40A on Buchma Street (ул. Бучмы) being struck, for which the generic coordinates are: 50.026307, 36.364638. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (12) [ collapse]