All Belligerents in Libya, 2011

Mourners in Majer, Libya in 2011 following a NATO airstrike which killed at least 34 civilians, according to multiple reports. Image courtesy of Sidney Kwiram/ Human Rights Watch

Belligerent
Country
Libya
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

February 5, 2020

Incident Code

LC289

LOCATION

قصر بن غشير, Qasr Bin Gashir, Tarabulus, Libya

Three civilians were reportedly killed by artillery shelling on Qasr Bin Gashir. Tarhuna 24 said: “Indiscriminate shelling of Qasr Bin Gashir area resulted in the death of two members of the Al-Futouri family and the daughter of Al-Hadi Kabar.” There is currently no other information available. Local reports of fighting point at the GNA or

Summary

First published
February 5, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Government of National Accord, Libyan National Army
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

March 23, 2020

Incident Code

LC321

LOCATION

سوق الجمعة , Souq Al Jumaa, Tarabulus, Libya

One civilian was allegedly killed and another one allegedly injured by LNA shelling on the Souq Al Jumaa area of Tripoli. Field Medicine and Support Center: “The follow-up team at the Center for Field Medicine and Support after shells landed on Souq Al Joumaa area went to the dreaded place to find out the number

Summary

First published
March 23, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1 – 2
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
Named victims
2 named
View Incident

Incident date

April 17, 2020

Incident Code

LC351

LOCATION

مدرسة جابر بن حيان, Vicinity of Jaber bin Hayyan School, Tarabulus, Libya

An elderly civilian was allegedly injured by alleged LNA shelling on Ain Zara. Tk Yahroug Kl shy said: “Haj Ahmed El-Taher Sassi was seriously injured on the man’s level after a random shell fell near the traffic light, Zouita/Ain Zara, and he was treated to Tripoli Medical Hospital.” The Field Medicine and Support Center reported:

Summary

First published
April 17, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

May 6, 2020

Incident Code

LC381

LOCATION

الكريمية, Al Keramia, Tarabulus, Libya

Two civilians were killed and four more injured, all from the same family, by indiscriminate shelling on the Keramia area of Janzur. Tk Yahroug Kl shy said: “A family has arrived at 4:00 a.m. to the Al-Zawiya Street Hospital after a shell landed on the house in the Keramia area, which resulted in the death

Summary

First published
May 6, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(1 child1 woman1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2–4
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

June 1, 2020

Incident Code

LC411

LOCATION

قصر بن غشير, Qasr Bin Gashir, Tarabulus, Libya

An unknown number of civilians was killed and injured in alleged GNA and Turkish shelling on residential areas of Qasr Bin Ghashir on June 1st, 2020, according to local sources. At least one child was among the victims. According to Khamis Al Sheikhi, “the Capital randomly targeted residential neighbourhoods in the centre of Qasr Bin

Summary

First published
June 1, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(1 child)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerents
Government of National Accord, Turkish Military
Suspected target
Unknown
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 15, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-163

LOCATION

الزعفران , Al Za’fran, Surt, Libya

On the September 15th 2011, the NATO bombed a house in Al Zafaran neighbourhood in Sirte which resulted in the death of a family consisting of four people. This information was according to a post by Nour Al Din Nasser Al Zanki on Facebook who named the victims. NATO on that reported striking “In the

Summary

First published
September 15, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4
(1 child1 woman2 men)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Known belligerent
NATO forces
Suspected target
Gaddafi forces
Named victims
3 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

September 25, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-182

LOCATION

برج الساعة المجاور للحي رقم 3, Clock tower adjacent Neighbourhood No. 3, Surt, Libya

According to various sources mostly affiliated with the Gaddafi regime, family members residing in neighbourhood number 3 in front of Al Sa’a (clock) tower, Sirte, were injured and some killed due to an attack launched by NATO in September 25th 2011. It is unclear due to contradicting sources, whether Sarah Ahmed Abd al-Mawli Yunus and Muhammad

Summary

First published
September 25, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Declared strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
3 – 5
(2–4 children)
Civilians reported injured
2–3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Known belligerent
NATO forces
Known target
Gaddafi forces
Named victims
6 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

June 9, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-107

LOCATION

مصراتة, Misurata port, Misrata, Libya

Two civilians, including a child, were allegedly killed by Gaddafi forces shelling of Misurata. Shahab Al Nahda said: “Mortar shelling from the western side of the port resulted in the death of 2 civilians, including a child.” There is currently no further known public information regarding this event.

Summary

First published
June 9, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(1 child)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Gaddafi Forces
Suspected targets
Other, Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

February 15, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-002

LOCATION

بنغازي‎, Benghazi, Libya

On February 16th, between 6:30 and 7:45 PM local time, multiple sources reported one death and multiple injuries in Benghazi after the breakup by security forces of a sit-in. The reported death was of Khaled al-Naji ‘Abderrazeq Khanfar, a 22 year old student who was shot by Gaddafi security forces. Amnesty quotes the father of

Summary

First published
February 15, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Ground operation
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
14–38
Cause of injury / death
Small arms and light weapons
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Gaddafi Forces
Suspected target
Other
View Incident

Incident date

August 21, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-144

LOCATION

غرغور, Gharghour, Tarabulus, Libya

At least 17 people were killed in the Gargur district in Tripoli by pro-Gaddafi forces according to BBC News. Human Rights Watch says that pro-Gaddafi forces were holding the dead in a building belonging to the Libyan Internal Security Forces and that they were physically tortured before they were killed. According to a doctor, half

Summary

First published
August 21, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Ground operation
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
17
Cause of injury / death
Small arms and light weapons
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected target
Gaddafi forces
View Incident

Incident date

May 25, 2022

Incident Code

LC429

LOCATION

أبو سليم, Abo Salim, Tarabulus, Libya

A mortar shell injured at least two civilians when it hit Omdurman, the Abu Salim area of Tripoli, Libya on May 25th 2022, according to local sources. According to @KhaledDernah3, the injuries were of the “city team player”, Anwar Makhlouf, and his friend, Fathi Baira, who had minor injuries. Both were transferred to Al-Khadra Hospital

Summary

First published
May 25, 2022
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Unknown
Named victims
2 named
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

June 3, 2018

Incident Code

LQ067

LOCATION

أم الأرانب, Umm Al Aranib, Murzuq, Libya

Tebu Channel reported indiscriminate LNA shelling of a residential neighbourhood in Umm al Aranib without civilian harm: “[…] and shelled into residential neighbourhoods but no human damage, not reported by the media on the grounds that the bombing targeted rallies of the Chadian opposition, media liar.”

Summary

First published
June 3, 2018
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
View Incident

Incident date

March 18, 2016

Incident Code

LQ027

LOCATION

بنغازي‎, Benghazi, Libya

In a separate incident to LC027, the LNA reported that it targeted ‘terrorist operation rooms’ with MiG-21s and MiG-23s in Qawarsheh. It also said it sunk two rafts 150 West of Benghazi at 22:45 and a vessel at 03:25. At 04:55 another vessel was reportedly targeted and destroyed.

Summary

First published
March 18, 2016
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Confirmed
A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
View Incident

Incident date

July 19, 2015

Incident Code

LQ008

LOCATION

بنغازي‎, port, Benghazi, Libya

Several sources reported LNA planes hitting two boats allegedly belonging to Ansar Al-Sharia loaded with weapons and ammunition. One of the boats sunk, the other one was damaged. Several outlets including Iran Arabic Radio and Sputnik Arabic reported comments from an LNA spokesperson, who said the attacks targeted two ships, both carrying weapons. Air Force

Summary

First published
July 19, 2015
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
View Incident

Incident date

April 25, 2019

Incident Code

LC126

LOCATION

أبو سليم, Abu Salim, Tarabulus, Libya

Several civilians were reportedly injured by LNA airstrikes and shelling on the Abu Salim neighbourhood of Tripoli. Libya Alahrar reported: “A number of civilians were injured and some civilians were seriously injured on Thursday in the town of Abu Salim as anti-tank shells fell on residential neighborhoods in the Hadaba district.” Al Jazeera Mubasher said:

Summary

First published
April 25, 2019
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2–5
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
View Incident

Incident date

July 31, 2019

Incident Code

LC175

LOCATION

بو غيلان, Bu Gheilan, Al Jabal al Gharbi, Libya

One civilian was reportedly injured in an LNA airstrike on Bu Gheilan near Gheryan. The Libya Observer said: “A medical source at the Gheryan Central Teaching Hospital reported that a wounded man arrived at the hospital after warplane of Khalifa Haftar bombed the city on Tuesday.” Ean Libya tweeted: “One civilian injured and a number

Summary

First published
July 31, 2019
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
View Incident

Incident date

September 23, 2019

Incident Code

LC203

LOCATION

وادي الربيع, Wadi al Rabie, Tarabulus, Libya

Two civilians were injured because of an air or artillery strike in Wadi al Rabie in Tajoura. The Ambulance Services Libya reported: “Miloud Rashed and Sifaoy Al Mzughi of the Tajoura rescue team were injured due to aerial bombardment in Al Habayebiyah area in Wadi al Rabie.” Tk Yahrouq Kl shy only reported indiscriminate shelling

Summary

First published
September 23, 2019
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Unknown
Named victims
2 named
View Incident