Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

An internally displaced Kurdish family in northern Iraq, 2016 (Maranie R. Staab)

Belligerent
Turkish Military
Country
Iraq
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

July 18, 2024

Incident Code

TS702

LOCATION

الشهباء, vicinity of Afrin Hospital in Afrin and Al-Shahba canton, north of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

On Thursday, July 18, 2024, a 38-year-old Kurdish man was injured in the vicinity of Afrin Hospital in Afrin, north of Aleppo, Syria, in an alleged drone strike reportedly conducted by the Turkish military. The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights reported that the strike hit the road linking Barkhdan camp and Afrin Hospital and injured

Summary

First published
July 18, 2024
Last updated
December 26, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

July 18, 2024

Incident Code

TI110

LOCATION

قرية خاستو, the village of Khastu, south of Şiladzi, north of Dohuk Governorate, Dohuk, Iraq

Around 6:00 a.m. on Thursday, July 18th, 2024, Osman (Othman) Roshdi was killed and a civilian was seriously injured by a bombing attack reportedly carried out by the Turkish military in the Khastu village located in the south of Şiladziin in the north of Dohuk Governorate, southern Kurdistan, Iraq. Sources are conflicted as to whether

Summary

First published
July 18, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0 – 1
(0–1 men)
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Suspected target
YPG/SDF
Belligerents reported killed
0–1
View Incident

Incident date

July 31, 2024

Incident Code

TS703

LOCATION

قرية بينه, Binah village, Shirawa countryside, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

Two civilian men, an elderly father and his 40-year-old son, were seriously injured in an artillery shelling allegedly perpetrated by the Turkish military forces in the village of Binah, in the Shirawa countryside, in Afrin, Syria, just before noon on the 31st of July, 2024. Hawar News reported that two civilians were injured due to

Summary

First published
July 31, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
2 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

August 1, 2024

Incident Code

TS704

LOCATION

قرية الشركة, village of Al-Sharika, adjacent to the international road (M4), east of Ain Issa in Raqqa, Raqqa, Syria

On August 1st, 2024, two young civilian men were allegedly injured by Turkish snipers near the village of Al-Sharika adjacent to the international road M4 in the eastern countryside of Ain Issa, Raqqa region, Syria. A photo released by the ANF news outlet showed the victims lying on stretchers receiving treatment. Mohsen Haritim Al-Jawwa, a

Summary

First published
August 1, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Ground operation
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Small arms and light weapons
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
2 named
View Incident

Incident date

August 19, 2024

Incident Code

TS705

LOCATION

قرية بينه, village of Bineh in the countryside of the town of Shirawa in the Afrin and Shahba cantons, Aleppo, Syria

At noon on Monday, August 19, 2024, four civilian men, identified as Abdo (Abu) Zakour, Haider Muhammad (40-54 years old), Youssef Al-Araj (27 years old), and Mustafa Rifaat Sheikho (28 years old) were injured in a double tap drone strike in the village of Bineh in Shirawa, in the Afrin and Shahba cantons in the northern countryside

Summary

First published
August 19, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
4
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
4 named
View Incident

Incident date

August 27, 2024

Incident Code

TS706

LOCATION

مدينة تل أبيض, the city of Tal Abyad in the countryside of Raqqa, Raqqa, Syria

On Tuesday, August 27, 2024, a 15-year-old boy named Ali al-Suhail was killed after he was run over by a Turkish armoured vehicle in the city of Tal Abyad, located in the countryside of Raqqa in Northeastern Syria. Ali had black hair as seen in a picture of him standing in front of a shuttered

Summary

First published
August 27, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Ground operation
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 child)
Cause of injury / death
Run over by vehicle
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

August 28, 2024

Incident Code

TS707

LOCATION

حي العنترية, Near the industrial garage in the vicinity of the Heart and Eye hospital in the Al_Anariyah neighborhood OR near the eastern post office, Qamishli city, Al Hassakah, Syria

During the afternoon of Wednesday 28th August 2024, a civilian car was reportedly hit by an alleged Turkish drone strike (or a Turkish convoy or explosion from a planted device) near the industrial garage in the vicinity of the Heart and Eye Hospital in the Al Anariyah neighborhood or near the eastern post office in

Summary

First published
August 28, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike, Ground operation
Infrastructure
Car, Vehicle
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 3
(1 woman1 man)
Civilians reported injured
3
Causes of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Planted explosives and unexploded ordnance (UXO), Small arms and light weapons
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
2 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

August 29, 2024

Incident Code

TS708

LOCATION

حي المساكن, Al-Masakin neighbourhood in the eastern part of the city of Amuda, the countryside of Al Hassakah, Al Hassakah, Syria

On Thursday, August 29th, 2024, one civilian was killed and two civilians, including a woman, were injured in an alleged drone attack by the Turkish military. The strike reportedly hit the Al-Makasin neighbourhood in the eastern part of Amuda city in the countryside of Al-Hasakah, Syria, inflicting damage to the electricity network and local grocery

Summary

First published
August 29, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Infrastructure
Commerce, Grocery Store, Power Station, Resources
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

August 30, 2024

Incident Code

TS709

LOCATION

قرية تل اللبن, Tal Al-Laban village in the countryside of the city of Tal Tamr, Al Hassakah, Syria

On August 30, 2024 at 14:55, a man was injured due to a shelling attack allegedly perpetrated by the Turkish military in the village of Tal Al-Laban in the countryside of the city of Tal Tamr in the Al-Hassakah governorate of Syria. The victim, Hamid al-Jassem, a 30-year-old man with a black beard and curly

Summary

First published
August 30, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 4, 2024

Incident Code

TI112

LOCATION

خليكان, Dokan-Khalkan road near Khalkan village in Dokan District,  Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq

During the afternoon of Wednesday, September 4th, 2024, three members of one family, including a child, were killed as a result of an alleged Turkish drone strike on a civilian Toyota Land Cruiser vehicle on the Dokan-Khalkan road near the village of Khalkan in the Dokan district of the Sulaymaniyah Governorate of Iraq. Muzaffar Hussein

Summary

First published
September 4, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Infrastructure
Vehicle
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
3
(1 child2 men)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
3 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

September 5, 2024

Incident Code

TS710

LOCATION

قرية الجراد, Al-Jarad Village north of Manbij in the eastern countryside of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

During the early morning of Thursday, 5th September 2024, a drone strike injured a 40-year-old man in the village of Al-Jarad, north of Manbij in the eastern countryside of Aleppo, Syria. While several sources alleged the strike was perpetrated by the Turkish military, one source reported that the local “Military Council” shot down a Turkish

Summary

First published
September 5, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Turkish Military, Syrian Democratic Forces
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 7, 2024

Incident Code

TS712

LOCATION

شيراوا, Shirawa in the Afrin and Shahba cantons, Aleppo, Syria

During the afternoon of Saturday, 7th September 2024, a man was severely wounded – and later died of his injuries – by an artillery shelling allegedly perpetrated by the Turkish army on the village of Shirawa in Afrin and Shahba cantons, Aleppo, Syria. Khaled Mohammed Mohammed was killed as a result of the shelling. ANF

Summary

First published
September 7, 2024
Last updated
December 30, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 10, 2024

Incident Code

TI113

LOCATION

مخيم مخمور, Makhmur camp between Mosul and south of Erbil, Erbil, Iraq

On Tuesday, September 10, 2024, at 5:05 PM, up to three women were injured, one of them critically, in an airstrike or drone attack allegedly perpetrated by the Turkish military on a residential house in the Makhmour (also called Rustam Judi) IDP camp located 60 Km southwest of Erbil in the Erbil region of Iraq.

Summary

First published
September 10, 2024
Last updated
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp, Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
2–3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
3 named
Belligerents reported killed
0–1
Belligerents reported injured
0–2
View Incident

Incident date

May 31, 2024

Incident Code

TS698

LOCATION

تميم الحنوة وسلماسة, Tamim al-Hanwa and Salamasa villages in Tal Hamis countryside,  village of Haram Sheikho near  in the countryside of the city of Qamishlo in the Al-Jazeera District of Hasaka, Al Hasakah, Syria

Fourteen identified civilians, including two women and six children, were injured as a result of the multiple air and/or drone strikes, including a double-tap strike, allegedly perpetrated by the Turkish military on the evening of Friday, May 31st, 2024, in the villages of Tamim al-Hanwa and Salamasa in the Tel Hamis countryside of Qamishlo in

Summary

First published
December 12, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Infrastructure
Healthcare
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
14
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Impact
Healthcare
Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Suspected target
YPG/SDF
Named victims
14 named, 2 families identified
Belligerents reported killed
3–4
View Incident

Incident date

August 23, 2024

Incident Code

TI111

LOCATION

قرية تبه رَش, the village of Tabeh Rash, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq

At 11 AM on Friday, August 23, 2024, two female journalists, Hero Baha al-Din and Golestan Tara, were killed and six civilians, including a social media professional and video editor named Rebin Bakr, were injured as a result of an alleged Turkish drone strike on a car carrying a group of media cadres for Sterk TV

Summary

First published
December 27, 2024
Last updated
February 19, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Infrastructure
Vehicle
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(2 women)
Civilians reported injured
6
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Suspected target
YPG/SDF
Named victims
3 named
Belligerents reported killed
0–3
View Incident

Incident date

October 23, 2024

Incident Code

TI114

LOCATION

the village of Bari and Digor (Dokri) residential complex, Nineveh, Iraq

Between around 11:00-11:30 PM on Wednesday, October 23, 2024, an alleged Turkish drone strike on the village of Bari and the residential complex Digor (Dokri) in the Shingal District of Iraqi Kurdistan injured a woman named Enstar Khodada Ali Murad in Digor and another civilian in Bari. Roj News reported that the strike on Digor

Summary

First published
December 27, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident