Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS4269

Incident date

December 19, 2019

Location

تل مرديخ, Tal Mardikh, Idlib, Syria

Airwars assessment

Four civilians were reportedly killed, among them a mother and her two children, and up to seventeen civilians, including seven children and seven women, were injured in alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the down of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019. Many injured remained in critical condition.

The LCCSY reported five Russian airstrikes on the town of Mardikh on December 19th between 8:59 AM and 9:34 AM local time. The fourth raid at 9:22 AM allegedly injured four children. LCCSY also reported that “two raids with two helicopters targeted Mardikh village at 10:32 AM. As a result, Abdel Malik Ramadan Al Shabib was killed and eight civilians, including children, were injured”. According to RAJASSE, two consecutive raids followed later resulting in the death of Ayush Muhammad Al-Gharib (30), Khaled Muhammad Abdullah Habra (3) and Zainab Hassan Habra (9).

While Fresh Syria reported that only two civilians were killed, the majority of sources reported that four people were killed, including one woman, two children and a man. According to Zaman Al-Wasl, among the victims were a mother and her two children. 12 others were critically injured according to Syria Nour. SMART News Agency reported instead that “seventeen others were wounded, including seven children and seven women”. Pictures of the incident show at least three injured children.

The Syrian Civil Defence (SCD) reported that their volunteers were targeted by Russian double raids while they were working to save civilians injured from earlier strikes. Video footage shows the SCD during their rescue operation, when two consecutive explosions hit the area while they were attempting to free victims from rubble.

The footages also shows SCD and civilians attempting to rescue victims, including a crying young girl, from below the rubble. The girl is reportedly called Islam Hussein Habra (9), who lost her family in the attack. She was freed after “about an hour and a half of continuous work and risks due to repeated Russian raids on the same site”, according to @khaleedalkhteb. In the videos, the girl can be overheard asking repeatedly “Where is my mother?”. Syria-24 reported that the girl got stuck under the rubble when roof of her house fell down on her as a result of the raids.

Alhurra quoted the SCD volunteer Abdullah saying: “I couldn’t leave the girl, while you’re trying to save someone, you have to keep talking to him until you finish the rescue. We could not tell her that her mother was killed, we tried to make her forget the situation she was in.” He continued, “Habra’s mother was alive when we arrived at the site of the attack, we could hear her voice from under the rubble, but after the second air strike, she became silent and we did not hear her anymore, she was killed.”

Syria Violations Monitoring quoted Islam’s uncle, Aziz Al-Mohammed, saying: “The worst day in my life… After struggling for hours, I was able to pull out the body of my niece (who is like my mother) to bury her with my own hands. The martyr, the kind and cheerful child, Zainab Hassan Habra, 7 years old, and they named her when she was born in 2012, after the Homsi martyr Zainab Al-Husni. I had taken her 4-year-old brother, Hamza, to the hospital to save him from a fractured skull. I always wished not to be in this situation, but God’s will wanted that and we are satisfied with what he wrote and what he wanted….”

The Syrian Network for Human Rights blamed the attack on on the Syrian regime, who allegedly dropped several barrel bombs with helicopter. SMART News Agency claimed instead that the attack consisted of missile strikes fired by Russian warplanes. According to Zaman Al-Wasl, more than eight raids were conducted in total.

The incident occured between 8:59 am and 10:32 am local time.

The victims were named as:

Family members (5)

Islam Hussein Habra اسلام حسين هبرة
9 years old female injured
Ayush Muhammad Al-Gharib عيوش محمد الغريب
30 years old female Allegedly the mother of Islam killed
Khaled Muhammad Abdullah Habra خالد محمد عبدالله هبرة
3 years old male killed
Zainab Hassan Habra زينب حسن هبرة
9 years old female killed
Hamza حمزة
years old male Brother of Islam injured

The victims were named as:

36 years old male allegedly killed in helicopter strikes killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 4
  • (2 children1–2 women1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–17
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (37) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (25) [ collapse]

  • Injured child after alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via MMC on Facebook).
  • A Syrian Civil Defense volunteer rescuing a young girl named Islam Hussein Habra in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via @khaleedalkhteb)
  • A man holding a dead child in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via MMC)
  • A dead child in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via MMC)
  • Civilians recovering victims from the rubble with blankets in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via MMC)
  • Civilians recovering victims from the rubble with blankets in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via MMC)
  • White helmets and civilians rescuing a young girl from the rubble in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via @Sy24ria)
  • A young girl being rescued from under the rubble in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via @Syria-24)
  • White helmets and civilians during alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via @Sy24ria)
  • A young girl being rescued from under the rubble in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via @Sy24ria)
  • Civilians attempting to rescue victims from the rubble in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via MMCSYR)
  • Aziz Al-Mohammed carrying his niece wrapped in a blanket in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via MMCSYR)
  • A man carrying a victim wrapped in a blanket in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via MMCSYR)
  • A child with a blood-covered face in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via @abokusai8)
  • A young girl crying, stuck in rubble in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via Alhurra)
  • A young girl being rescued from under the rubble by White Helmets in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via @Syria-24)
  • A White Helmet volunteer during a rescue operation in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via @Syria-24)
  • A victim (likely to be Abdul Malik Ramadan Al Shabeeb) in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via Shohdaa Tal Mardekh)
  • A male victim in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via Shohdaa Tal Mardekh)
  • Smoke rising in the aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Tal Mardikh, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via Shohdaa Tal Mardekh)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 4
  • (2 children1–2 women1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–17
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (37) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4270

Incident date

December 19, 2019

Location

سراقب, Saraqib, Idlib, Syria

Airwars assessment

One civilian was killed and at least five civilians were injured as a result of alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes with high explosive missiles on the industrial area of the city of Saraqib, east of Idlib, on December 19th, 2019, according to local sources.

The LCCSY reported four Russian airstrikes between 10:36 AM local time and 10:49 AM. In the second airstrike at 10:40 AM, Saleh al-Muhaimid was killed and two civilians were wounded. In the third one at 10:45, three civilians were wounded. @Ahmad_1alshble reported instead that a total of six civilians were injured as a result of the attack on an industrial area of Saraqib.

Zaman Al-Wasl reported that “the civil defense teams retrieved the body of a young man from under the rubble after three hours”. The Syrian Network for Human Rights added that the airstrikes  destroyed several shops in the area.

Different videos showed the moment the raids hit Saraqib, with smoke rising after the explosion.

The incident occured between 10:36 am and 10:49 am local time.

The victims were named as:

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (18) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • Destroyed houses in the aftermath of alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes with high explosive missiles on the industrial area of the city of Saraqib, east of Idlib, on December 19th, 2019 (via @khaleedalkhteb)
  • Smoke rising in the aftermath of alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes with high explosive missiles on the industrial area of the city of Saraqib, east of Idlib, on December 19th, 2019 (via @QasiounAr)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (18) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS4271

Incident date

December 19, 2019

Location

ديرسنبل, Deir Sunbul, Idlib, Syria

Airwars assessment

A teacher and his wife were killed, and a number of civilians were wounded, in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Deir Sunbul, Idlib governorate, in the morning of December 19th, 2019, according to local sources.

Some sources, among them Baldi News, reported initially that only one woman had been killed in the attack. The Syrian Network for Human Rights (SNHR) identified two victims: the teacher Anas Mustafa Al-Rasheed and his wife Sana Adnan Al-Rasheed. The family had been originally displaced from the village of Kafr Basin in the southern countryside of Idlib governorate.

LCCSY reported that the raid was conducted by Sukhoi-22 warplanes at 10:39. SNHR blamed the Syrian regime forces, while Al Bayan claimed Russian warplanes fired the missiles instead.

The Smart News Agency added that houses were destroyed.

Video footage shows civilians carrying one male victim, who appears to be heavily injured or dead, and an injured young girl, out of a residential house affected by the explosion. One photo related to the incident shows two casualties wrapped in blankets in the aftermath of the attack.

The incident occured at 10:39:00 local time.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Anas Mustafa Al-Rasheed أنس مصطفى الرشيد
Adult male killed
Sanaa Adnan Al-Rasheed سناء عدنان الرشيد
Adult female Wife of Anas killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (21) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • White Helmets rushing to the ambulance during a rescue operation in the aftermath of alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Deir Sunbul, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via Syrian Civil Defence)
  • One of the victims, reportedly called Anas Mustafa Al-Rasheed, in the aftermath of alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Deir Sunbul, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via Khaled Arnos)
  • Two casualties wrapped in blankets in the aftermath of alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Deir Sunbul, Idlib governorate, on December 19th, 2019 (via Khaled Arnos)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (21) [ collapse]