Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

An internally displaced Kurdish family in northern Iraq, 2016 (Maranie R. Staab)

Belligerent
Turkish Military
Country
Iraq
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

TS247

Incident date

March 5, 2018

Location

جنديرس,عفرين , Jindires, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.391667, 36.693056 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to 15 civilians including two or three children and five women died and up to 32 more were injured in alleged Turkish airstrikes in Jindires, Syria, local media said. However, it is possible that reports are referring to several events in Jindires, and may include T131-T133, listed above. Moreover, several sources published images which appeared to pertain to these other incidents, suggesting that the figures provided were a summary of events during the entire day of March 5th.

The source Cahida Dersim referred to a Turkish shelling of the village of Miska Jorin, and went on to say that 13 civilians including three children had died in Jindires on march 5th.

Other reports also referred to “Jindires”, rather than Miska Jorin or any other location specifically.

IC Afrin resistance, for example, reported that “Turkish warplanes bombed the center of Jindires. Civilians were injured and killed. There are still people under the ruins. They can’t be freed because the attacks are still ongoing”.

However, there was some confusion in tweets by IC Afrin Resistance: the first said that 13 civilians were wounded in Jindires, while the second said that 13 (including three children) were killed.

Hawar News published a video (below) depicting the shelling. It reported that “preliminary reports said that there were martyrs and wounded among civilians, but because of the intensive shelling we did not get the number of martyrs and wounded.”

One victim killed in Jindires was named by Arin Chikhmous as Mohammed Alo, 20 years.

According to ANHA, “in the morning hours, the Turkish occupation army bombed the center of Janders city with more than 20 booby-trapped barrels, directly targeting unarmed civilians in the district center causing the martyrdom of 13 civilians, including 3 children and 5 women, and injuring more than 14 civilians.”

Rok Online put the death toll higher. It said: “The Turkish forces carried out a massacre in the area of Jendiris on Monday [March 5th] after launching violent raids on the region, killing 15 people and wounding about 8 others, including children and women, in addition to the destruction of buildings and shops.

SDF military media on Facebook reported that “after the failure of the Turkish occupation army to break into the region of Jendrissa, Turkish warplanes carried out crazy raids on the civilian neighborhoods, causing four massacres in one day.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Mohammed Alo
20 years old male unclear whether he died i Jindires, Afrin or Village of Freriye, Jindires, Afrin killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 13
  • (2–3 children5 women1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–32
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (24) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • Aftermath in the city of Jonderes, Afrina, after reportedly being hit by Turkish strikes on 5 March, 2018 (via Evlyn hassan)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A wounded civilian in the aftermath of the alleged Turkish airstrikes on Jindires, Afrin, 5th March 2018. (via Afrin Resistance)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A wounded civilian in the aftermath of the alleged Turkish airstrikes on Jindires, Afrin, 5th March 2018. (via Cahida Dersim)
  • Just moments after the alleged Turkish airstrikes on Jindires, Afrin, 5th March 2018. (via Hawar news)
  • A wounded civilian in the aftermath of the alleged Turkish airstrikes on Jindires, Afrin, 5th March 2018. (via Yikiti)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town of Jindires, Afrin (جنديرس,عفرين ), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.391667, 36.693056. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 13
  • (2–3 children5 women1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–32
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (24) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS279

Incident date

March 17, 2018

Location

محمودية, Mahmoudiya neighbourhood, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.518056, 36.845278 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between 11 and 13 civilians died in an alleged Turkish airstrike on a convoy of cars in the Mahmoudiya neighbourhood of Afrin, according to local media.

IC Afrin reported that two vehicles were hit with dozens of people on the road out of Afrin to Tirinde village. The people were attempting to flee the area towards Shehba Canton.

The source went on to add: In the Mahmoudiye neighbourhood of Afrin city a howitzer of the Turkish army hit a tractor which was full of civilians. The numbers of killed civilians are at least 13. Their bodies were completely burned. Only one child survived injured.

ANF said that a tractor and another vehicle were struck, reporting that dozens of civilians including children were killed.

Massoud Mohammed put the death toll slightly lower, at 11 civilians.

Afrin now on Facebook identified a woman and her husband and indicated that their son disappeared. Also, another victim was identified.

The source Efrin Dile Kurdistane also reported the death of Shahnaz Rasho, though it reported her killed on March 16th, while all other sources point to this event in the Mahmoudiya neighbourhood occurring on March 17th. Consequently, there is the possibility that she is one of the 47 killed (the general figure was given by Hawar news) on March 16th.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Adult female via Afrin now on Facebook killed
Adult male via Afrin now on Facebook killed

The victims were named as:

Child male via Afrin now on Facebook killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    11 – 13
  • (1 child1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • An image reveals the destruction that followed a strike targeted a convoy of cars in the Mahmoudiya neighbourhood of Afrin (source: Hawar news)
  • A picture of Reber Aliko, killed in an alleged Turkish strike on in the Mahmoudiya neighbourhood of Afrin (source: Afrin now)
  • A picture of Shahnaz Rasho, killed with her husband in an alleged Turkish strike on in the Mahmoudiya neighbourhood of Afrin (source: Afrin now)

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    11 – 13
  • (1 child1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CS487 TS078

Incident date

February 12, 2017

Location

الباب, Al-Bab, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.371972, 37.5179666 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A Turkish or Coalition airstrike on al Bab killed up to 15 civilians, according to multiple reports.

The Syrian Network blamed the US-led alliance, reporting that “8 civilians, including a child and 2 women, died in International Coalition warplanes missiles fired on Al Bab city.” Syrian News Desk, Manbij Direct and Al Bab 24 all blamed Turkey.

However Al Bab 24 later reported that “The family of Mohammad Dib Bakkour are well and they are outside the city. We apologise for publishing news of their killing.”

Regardless of this correction, reports from the Violations Documentation Center in Syria and Halab Today Tv identified Turkey as the culprit.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult female killed
Adult male killed
Adult female killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Ahmad Bathish
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 12
  • (1 child2 women6 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    11
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Turkish Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • Video, published on March 10th, listing those killed in a previous alleged Turkish shelling on Al Bab: 'Abd al Rahim Bakkour, Mohamamd Dib Bakkour and his wife, Kafaa Najjar, Aliya Bakkour, Mahmoud A’kkam, Mazen A’kkam.'
  • Translation: 15 martyrs in Al-Bab and others wounded due to Turkish warplanes shelling. Abd al Qader Waki the son of Yusuf and his entire family Mazen Akkam -Mahmoud Akkam Mohammad Adib Bakkour and his family Ahmad Hashem and his mother Ibrahim ahmad Juma’a ( two days ago due to artillery shelling) Hussein Jabuli Ahmad Bathish.
  • Ahmad Bathish (via Al-Bab 24)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town of Al-Bab (الباب), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.371972, 37.5179666. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For February 11th-12th 2017 the Coalition reported: “Near Al Bab, one strike engaged an ISIL tactical unit and destroyed a heavy machine gun.”

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 12
  • (1 child2 women6 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    11
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Turkish Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS229

Incident date

February 26, 2018

Location

يلنقوز, Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.391667, 36.693056 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Subdistrict level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least two civilians including children died and a minimum of three other civilians were wounded in an alleged Turkish air strike on Yilanguz village, according to local media. The majority of sources said that a family of five died. One source (Evlin.Hassan) reported that “dozens were killed and wounded”.

IC Arrin Resistance tweeted a video in which the voiceover in Kurdish says: “the Turkish army committed another massacre in the town Jindiresse in Afrin, yesterday night at 3-4 a.m. Turkish warplanes bombed family houses, killing five civilians and wounding three more severely.”

In a second video, “a neighbour of the civilian victims states: ‘The Turkish warplanes only target civilians. There are no military forces here. The airstrikes have to be stopped!’”

ANHA and Rumaf also put the death toll at five, with Rumaf tweeting graphic images of the bodies of child victims.

Most sources put the death toll at five, though Yikiti Media said that two had died.

Rojava tweeted a video depicting “baby Clothes, children’s boots laying in the ruins and dust of Yelangoz village after Turkeys airstrikes and massacre on the village and its people today”.

According to the SDF press office, “Turkish invasion aircraft attacked the village of Yilanguz and targeted civilian houses, which carried out a massacre of civilians and children. The Kurdish Red Crescent teams are recovering the bodies from the rubble as of the time of preparing this report.”

Some other sources said that Turkey conducted artillery strikes on the village.

According to Evlin.Hassan, the death toll may have been even higher: it reported that there were “dozens of civilians killed and wounded.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 12
  • (2 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3–12
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (22) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (10) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The bodies of civilian casualties in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via SDF)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Evlin.Hassan)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Evlin.Hassan)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Evlin.Hassan)
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    A civilian casualty in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Evlin.Hassan)
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    A civilian casualty in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Evlin.Hassan)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Footage showing the remains of civilian casualties, killed in alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Rojava)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Footage showing the remains of civilian casualties, killed in alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Rojava)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Anha)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilian in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Anha)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the subdistrict of Yilanguz village, Jindires, Afrin (يلنقوز), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.391667, 36.693056. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 12
  • (2 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3–12
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (22) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CS413 TS020

Incident date

December 12, 2016

Location

الباب, Al-Bab, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.371972, 37.51631 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Twelve civilians were killed and up to 30 injured at al Bab in what local sources claimed was a ‘Coalition’ strike, but which may have been a result of Turkish-ISIS fighting.

Al A’maq, ISIS’s media wing, reported “12 dead and 30 injured, most of them women and children, following violent Turkish shelling with more than 150 missiles and rockets that fell on al Bab since this morning.” A video (since blocked) also showed a number of children being treated for serious injuries.

Ara News said that “Turkish forces shelled the city of al Bab and Tadef northeast of Aleppo, northern Syria, on Monday, and the shelling targeted civilian neighbourhoods.” The Syrian Observatory also blamed Turkish and Euphrates Shield forces.

However both Halab News and VDC blamed the US-led Coalition – which they may still have viewed Turkey as being an active member of.

Al Bab al Hadath said both Turkish and Coalition planes attacked the city, killing 12 including two families and injuring 20 civilians. In total it named twelve victims:

In an emailed response to a report submitted by Airwars on this and other incidents in December 2016, Coalition officials requested additional information concerning the alleged event.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Mamdouh Noma
Adult male was killed with two of his girls killed
Daughter of Mamdouh Noma
Age unknown female killed
Second daughter of Mamdouh Noma
Age unknown female killed

Family members (1)

Al Boushi family
Age unknown 5 members were killed killed

The victims were named as:

Tarek Ahmad Zakkour al Alabi
15 years years old male killed
Omar Mohammad al Eido
16 years years old male killed
Mustapha Naqishbandi
Age unknown male killed
Alaa Hajjar
Age unknown male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12
  • (6 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    20–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Turkish Military

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (17) [ collapse]

  • Al Bab following reported Turkish or Coalition strikes on December 12th 2016. (via Bab al Hadath)
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    One of the victims following reported Turkish or Coalition strikes on Al Bab, December 12th 2016. (via Al Bab al Hadath)
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    One of the victims following reported Turkish or Coalition strikes on Al Bab, December 12th 2016. (via Al Bab al Hadath)
  • Al Bab following reported Turkish or Coalition strikes on December 12th 2016. (via Bab al Hadath)
  • Al Bab following reported Turkish or Coalition strikes on December 12th 2016. (via Bab al Hadath)
  • Al Bab following reported Turkish or Coalition strikes on December 12th 2016. (via Bab al Hadath)
  • Al Bab following reported Turkish or Coalition strikes on December 12th 2016. (via Bab al Hadath)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Photo of child being treated in hospital following alleged Turkish and Coalition raids on al Bab, 12th December 2016. (via Khaled Shaban)
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    Photo of a child victim in hospital following an alleged Turkish and Coalition raid on al Bab, 16th December 2016. )via Khaled Shaban)
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    Photo of a child victims in hospital following an alleged Turkish and Coalition raid on al Bab, 16th December 2016. (via Khaled Shaban)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Photo of a male civilian casualty killed following an alleged Turkish and Coalition raid on al Bab, 16th December 2016. (via Khaled Shaban)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured children being treated in hospital following alleged Turkish and Coalition raids on al Bab, 12th December 2016. (via Khaled Shaban)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Photo of child being treated in hospital following alleged Turkish and Coalition raids on al Bab, 12th December 2016. (via Khaled Shaban)
  • Photo of child being transported to hospital following alleged Turkish and Coalition raids on al Bab, 12th December 2016. (via Khaled Shaban)
  • Injured children being treated in hospital following alleged Turkish and Coalition raids on al Bab, 12th December 2016. (via Khaled Shaban)
  • Damaged building in the aftermath of the alleged raid on Al Bab, 12th November 2016. (via Halab today)
  • Damaged building in the aftermath of the alleged raid on Al Bab, 12th November 2016. (via Al Bab al Hadath facebook)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Al-Bab (الباب), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.371972, 37.51631. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

CJTF–OIR Declassified Assessment and Press Release

Attached to this civilian harm incident is a provisional reconciliation of the Pentagon's declassified assessment of this civilian harm allegation, based on matching date and locational information.

The declassified documents were obtained by Azmat Khan and the New York Times through Freedom of Information requests and lawsuits filed since March 2017, and are included alongside the corresponding press release published by the Pentagon. Airwars is currently analysing the contents of each file, and will update our own assessments accordingly.

Declassified Assessment Press Release

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • Stated location
    near Al Bab, Syria
    Nearest population center

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Aug 4, 2017
  • After a review of available information it was assessed that no Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area of the reported civilian casualties.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For December 11th-13th 2016 the Coalition publicly reported no strikes in the vicinity of al Bab.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12
  • (6 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    20–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Turkish Military

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS274

Incident date

March 14, 2018

Location

عفرين, Afrin city centre, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.511389, 36.864167 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between 5 and 11 civilians including up to four children died and up to 25 more were wounded in an alleged Turkish shelling (airstrikes and artillery) of Afrin city centre, according to local media in Syria.

Massoud Mohammad, a self-described journalist from Qamishli for Rojava, produced numerous reports on the event on Twitter. He put the death toll at five – including two children – with 25 more wounded.

One of his tweets said that Turkish artillery was randomly targeting residential neighbourhoods of Afrin city without care to any rules of war. He also tweeted a series of distressing images depicting casualties (many of them children) which were taken by journalist Azad Mirza @rojavapress1 who is covering the situation inside Afrin.

According to IC Afrin Resistance, at least 10 explosions were heard in the city. It added that despite the city is full of people, the attacks by the Turkish army were continuing. The source put the death count at six of which four were reportedly children, blaming Turkish airstrikes and shellings

Shervan Derwish (official spokesman for Manbij Military Council) put the death toll at seven, including one child, with 25 more non-combatants wounded.

The Boston Herald ran a story which mentioned the incident. It said: “Turkish forces shelled the Kurdish-held northern Syrian town of Afrin on Wednesday killing at least seven people, Kurdish forces reported Shells slammed into the heart of Afrin at dusk at intervals just second apart, forcing residents to rush for cover, according to the video published by the People’s Protection Units, known as the YPG.”

The highest death count was given by ANF, who reported the death of a family of 11 including two children and the wounding of the rest of the family.

ANHA named one fatality. Later ANF revealed two other.

Additionally, sources named 10 civilians who were wounded followed the incident.

In addition to two others, who were not identified. One who is 45 years old and the other a 6-year-old child.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Aziz
40 years old male killed
4 years old male Via ANF killed
6 years old male Via ANF killed
30 years old female Via Afrin now facebook post injured
40 years old female Via Afrin now facebook post injured
30 years old female Via Afrin now facebook post injured
37 years old female Via Afrin now facebook post injured
76 years old Via Afrin now facebook post injured
47 years old female Via Afrin now facebook post injured
32 years old female Via Afrin now facebook post injured
26 years old Via Afrin now facebook post injured
20 years old female Via Afrin now facebook post injured
17 years old Via Afrin now facebook post injured

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 12
  • (2–4 children2–3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–44
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (34) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (30) [ collapse]

  • A picture shows fire followed an alleged Turkish airstrike or shelling on Afrin city centre (source: Hawar news)
  • An image shows fire in a residential area inside the city centre of Afrin followed an alleged Turkish airstrike or shelling (source: Hawar news)
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    A picture shows Aziz, 40 years old, killed followed an alleged Turkish airstrike or shelling on Afrin city centre (source: Hawar news)
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    A picture shows the two identified children 1- Kajin Ali & Mihemed Qishle, killed followed the alleged Turkish airstrike on (source: ANF New)
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    A picture shows a body lies in the rubble following an alleged Turkish airstrike or shelling on Afrin city centre (via Peshmerga Chali‏)
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    An image shows the victim Abdullah Bakr, 49 years, at the medical centre, injured following an alleged Turkish airstrike or artillery of Afrin city centre (source: ANHA)
  • A picture shows a damaged car followed an alleged Turkish airstrike or shelling on Afrin city centre (Source: Aire-cudi)
  • An image shows the aftermath of the airstrike or shelling by allegedly Turkish Army on Afrin city centre (Source: Aire-cudi)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A picture shows a child, injured following an alleged Turkish shelling (airstrikes and artillery) of Afrin city centre (Source: Massoud Mohammad)
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    An image shows a child being treated at the medical centre following an alleged Turkish shelling (airstrikes and artillery) of Afrin city centre (Source: Massoud Mohammad)
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    An image shows a child, killed following an alleged Turkish shelling (airstrikes and artillery) of Afrin city centre (Source: Massoud Mohammad)
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    A picture shows a child, injured following an alleged Turkish shelling (airstrikes and artillery) of Afrin city centre (Source: Massoud Mohammad)
  • An image shows smoke rising from the scene of a reported Turkish shelling "airstrikes and artillery" of Afrin city centre (Source: Massoud Mohammad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An image shows a man being treated at the medical centre following an alleged Turkish shelling "airstrikes and artillery" of Afrin city centre (Source: Massoud Mohammad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A picture shows a woman being treated at the hospital, following an alleged Turkish shelling "airstrikes and artillery" of Afrin city centre (Source: Massoud Mohammad)
  • An image shows smoke rising from the scene of a reported Turkish shelling "airstrikes and artillery" of Afrin city centre (Source: Massoud Mohammad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An image shows a child being treated at the medical centre following an alleged Turkish shelling (airstrikes and artillery) of Afrin city centre (source: Afrin now facebook)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An image shows a man at the medical centre, injured following an alleged Turkish shelling (airstrikes and artillery) of Afrin city centre (source: Afrin now facebook)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An image shows a child being treated at the medical centre following an alleged Turkish shelling (airstrikes and artillery) of Afrin city centre (source: IC Afrin resistance)
  • An injured civilian is carried in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Afrin, 14th March 2018. (via Massoud Mohammad)
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    An injured civilian receives medical treatment in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Afrin, 14th March 2018. (via Massoud Mohammad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured civilian receives medical treatment in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Afrin, 14th March 2018. (via Massoud Mohammad)
  • An injured civilian receives medical treatment in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Afrin, 14th March 2018. (via Massoud Mohammad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured civilian receives medical treatment in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Afrin, 14th March 2018. (via Massoud Mohammad)
  • An injured civilian receives medical treatment in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Afrin, 14th March 2018. (via IC afrin resistance)
  • An injured civilian receives medical treatment in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Afrin, 14th March 2018. (via IC afrin resistance)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured civilian receives medical treatment in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Afrin, 14th March 2018. (via IC afrin resistance)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian casualty in the aftermath. (via ANF )
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A video showing the exact moments the alleged Turkish airstrikes hit Afrin and the civilian casualties in the aftermath of the incident. (via SOHR)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured civilian receives medical treatment in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Afrin, 14th March 2018. (via Afrin Now)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Afrin city centre (عفرين), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.511389, 36.864167. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 12
  • (2–4 children2–3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–44
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (34) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS048 CS443 RS1834

Incident date

January 13, 2017

Location

تادف, Tadef, Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.34857, 37.531501 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between two and 12 civilians were killed, and as many as 22 were wounded, in an air and artillery strike which hit the Daesh controlled area of Tadef, Aleppo. Sources were conflicted as to who was to blame, with two sources blaming the International US led Coalition, two blaming Syrian regime helicopters, and many more blaming Turkish and Russian warplanes, according to local sources.

The Syrian Network for Human Rights said that the Coalition was responsible, putting the death toll, at six civilians including one woman. The Shaam News Network also reported that six died, including women and children, at the hands of the Coalition.

According to Al Raed La Yakzub Ahlahu (an IS propaganda source), three non-combatants died and 22 others were injured in “Russian and Syrian raids”.

LCCSY said that Russia had carried out strikes, as did the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.

However, Euphrates Post attributed the incident to “regime warplanes and helicopters”, putting the death toll as high as 12. “According to civilian sources speaking to Euphrates Post  regime warplanes targeted residential sites near the Cultural Center building, east of the city, with two raids.”

Additionally, it was reported that helicopters struck residential buildings with explosives barrels near the coach station.

Al Zanlooki reported that eight civilians died and more were injured in raids by “planes believed to be Turkish”. Manbij mother of all the world also said Turkey was responsible, as did the activist Al Zanlooki.

Albab23 named the following victims: “Mohammad Khalil Abdan, members of the al Masri family and members of the Kariz family.”

Some sources said the death toll was likely to rise due to the severity of the wounds.

Allegedly members of the Civil Defence were also killed in the raids.

One source reported that two buildings of three stories each, were completely destroyed in the raid, as was other civilian housing.

In their June 2020 civilian casualty report, the US-led Coalition assessed reports that they were responsible for civilian harm in this strike as “non-credible”, stating that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area at that time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 12
  • (0–2 children1–2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    17–22
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Turkish Military, Syrian Regime, Russian Military, US-led Coalition

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • The aftermath of an alleged Turkish, Russian, Coalition and Syrian regime raid on Tadef, 13th January 2017. (via Syria news desk)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town of Tadef, Aleppo ( تادف), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.34857, 37.531501. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

CJTF–OIR Declassified Assessment and Press Release

Attached to this civilian harm incident is a provisional reconciliation of the Pentagon's declassified assessment of this civilian harm allegation, based on matching date and locational information.

The declassified documents were obtained by Azmat Khan and the New York Times through Freedom of Information requests and lawsuits filed since March 2017, and are included alongside the corresponding press release published by the Pentagon. Airwars is currently analysing the contents of each file, and will update our own assessments accordingly.

Declassified Assessment Press Release

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between January 1st – 31st 2017.

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • MGRS coordinate
    37SCA682236
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Jun 24, 2020
  • Jan. 13, 2017, in Tadef, Syria, via Airwars report. After a review of all available records it was assessed that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area that corresponds to the report of civilian casualties. 3082/CS443 37SCA682236

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For January 12th-13th and January 13th-14th the Coalition did not publicly report any strikes in or near Tadef.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 12
  • (0–2 children1–2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    17–22
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Turkish Military, Syrian Regime, Russian Military, US-led Coalition

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS038

Incident date

January 3, 2016

Location

الباب, Al Bab, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.371972, 37.51631 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

According to local sources, 11 civilians were killed and 26 injured in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Al Bab, Syria.

Al Jazeera posted on Twitter that “11 people were killed and 26 wounded and an ambulance destroyed after Turkish bombardment of the city of Bab in the countryside of eastern Aleppo.”

Al Bab Al Hadath published a similar report.

Other sources like Smart News also reported airstrikes as well as artillery shelling but did not mention civilian harm.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    11
  • Civilians reported injured
    26
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • 11 people were killed and 26 wounded and the destruction of an ambulance after the Turkish bombardment of the city of Bab in the countryside of eastern Aleppo (via AJASyria)
  • Footage showing the aftermath of the alleged Turkish airstrike on Al Bab, 3rd January 2017. (via Nadia Abdulaziz)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Al Bab (الباب), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.371972, 37.51631. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    11
  • Civilians reported injured
    26
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]