Israel and Gaza 2023

Satellite imagery, screenshot from Google Earth, October 2023

Belligerent
Israeli Military
Palestinian Militants
Country
Israel
the Gaza Strip
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

October 10, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0101

LOCATION

شارع الصحابة, Al Sahaba Street, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

At 5:15 pm on Tuesday, October 10th 2023, 16 civilians, including at least nine members of the Hijazi family, were killed, and at least three children were injured in an alleged Israeli airstrike on the residential homes belonging to the Hijazi, al-Safadi, Atallah, and al-Sik families located in Al Sahaba street in the Al Daraj

Summary

First published
October 10, 2023
Last updated
April 22, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
16
(3–5 children2–3 women7–11 men)
Civilians reported injured
3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
13 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
6
Geolocation
Street
View Incident

Incident date

October 25, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0584

LOCATION

بيت لاهيا, Beit Lahia, North Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On 26th October 2023 at around 1am in the morning, at least 12 civilians, all members of the al-Ran family, including five children and three women, were killed and several others were injured in an alleged airstrike by the Israeli military that struck the home of Dr. Muhammed al-Ran, in the town of Beit Lahia,

Summary

First published
October 25, 2023
Last updated
January 30, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
12
(5 children3 women4 men)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
12 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
8
Geolocation
Town
View Incident

Incident date

October 24, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0542

LOCATION

شارع أبو حسني, دير البلح, Abu Hosni Street, Deir Al Balah, Deir Al Balah, the Gaza Strip

At dawn on Tuesday, October 24th, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike hit the Abu Hassanein’s family residence on Abu Hosni Street in Deir Al Balah, central Gaza Strip, reportedly killing at least one civilian and causing a number of injuries. Social media accounts including Twitter/X user @shaabradio and Maher al hijazi on Facebook reported that

Summary

First published
June 1, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1 – 2
(1 child)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Exact location (via Airwars)
View Incident

Incident date

October 19, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0383

LOCATION

الناصر, al Nasr, Rafah, the Gaza Strip

On Thursday, October 19th, 2023, two brothers, 39-year-old Khalil Ibrahim Abu Athrah and 33-year-old Moaz Ibrahim Abu Athrah, were reported killed after an alleged Israeli airstrike on the Al-Nasr neighbourhood, north of Rafah in the Gaza Strip. Khalil, who worked as a cameraman for the Hamas-affiliated Al-Aqsa TV, was remembered by his colleagues, who called

Summary

First published
June 1, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(2 men)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
2 named, 1 familiy identified
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

October 24, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0583b

LOCATION

الزوايدة, Al Zawayda, Deir Al Balah, the Gaza Strip

22-year-old Palestinian journalist, Nafez, was reported to have buried 32 members of his family who were killed in an alleged Israeli airstrike on Tuesday the 24th of October 2023 in the Al Zawayda neighborhood of Deir Al Balah. According to reports from New Arab News, Nafez had fled Gaza City along with his wife and

Summary

First published
July 1, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
32
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Town
View Incident

Incident date

October 26, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0636

LOCATION

بالقرب من مستشفى الكويت رفح, Vicinity of Al-Kuwaiti Hospital, Rafah, Rafah, the Gaza Strip

On the night of Thursday, October 26, 2023, 12 civilians, all of them children and women, were killed and several were injured in an alleged Israeli airstrike that struck the al-Hamayda family home in the Shaboura camp in western Rafah, in the south of the Gaza Strip. The house was reported as being opposite the

Summary

First published
August 5, 2024
Last updated
February 3, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp, Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
12
(6 children5 women)
Civilians reported injured
5
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
12 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
11
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

October 29, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0714

LOCATION

الشجاعي، مدينة غزة, Shujaiya neighbourhood, Gaza City, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On Sunday, October 29th 2023, multiple people were reported killed and wounded in an alleged Israeli airstrike on the Mushtaha family home located in the Al-Shujaiya neighbourhood of Gaza City in the Gaza Strip. The names and number of casualties is currently unavailable, therefore Airwars has used the fatality and injury range 2-2 in line

Summary

First published
August 1, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

November 6, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0925

LOCATION

حي النصر, Al-Nasr neighbourhood, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On the evening of Monday, November 6th, 2023, journalist Muhammad Ghanem Tawfiq Al-Jaja was killed after an alleged Israeli airstrike hit his family home in the Al-Nasr neighbourhood in Gaza City. The alleged strike killed 12 other members of the Al-Jaja family, including four children and five women, one of whom was pregnant, and injured

Summary

First published
July 14, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
13
(4 children5 women4 men)
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
13 named, 1 familiy identified
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

October 30, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0771

LOCATION

حي الجنينة شرقي رفح, Al-Geneina neighbourhood, Rafah, Rafah, the Gaza Strip

In the early afternoon of Monday, October 30, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike hit the Rizq family home in the Al-Geneina neighbourhood, east of Rafah, in the Gaza Strip, killing at least 13 identified civilians, including at least four women and at least six children, and injuring 40 civilians, among them children. Local sources reported

Summary

First published
August 8, 2024
Last updated
February 17, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp, Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
13 – 24
(7 children6 women1 man)
Civilians reported injured
40
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Impact
Education
Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
15 named, 2 families identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
13
Geolocation
Exact location (via Airwars)
View Incident

Incident date

October 31, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0788

LOCATION

تل الهوى، مدينة غزة, Tal Al Hawa, Gaza City, Deir Al Balah, the Gaza Strip

On October 31, 2023, shortly before 7:45 AM, an alleged Israeli airstrike hit Tal Al Hawa, a neighbourhood in the south of Gaza City, and injured a number of civilians. Al Jazeera, the Shehab Agency, and all other sources available to Airwars reported that the strike injured multiple civilians, but none of them specified an

Summary

First published
August 5, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

November 2, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0832

LOCATION

خان يونس, Khan Younis, the Gaza Strip

On Thursday November 2nd, 2023, a 64-year-old woman named Marwa Muhammad Hassan Sharab (Al-Husseini) was reportedly killed and between six and 11 others, including at least two children, were injured as a result of an alleged Israeli bombing of the Sharab family’s house in Diwan Al-Farra, near the Al-Zeitoun Market, in central Khan Younis, Gaza Strip.

Summary

First published
September 2, 2024
Last updated
March 20, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
6–11
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
1 named
Names matched with MoH IDs
1
Geolocation
City
View Incident

Incident date

June 7, 2024

Incident Code

ISPT070624j

LOCATION

عبسان الكبيرة, Abasan Al Kabira, Khan Younis, the Gaza Strip

During the morning of June 7, 2024, an alleged Israeli bombardment hit the Tabsh family house in the town of Abasan Al Kabira, in the eastern part of the Khan Younis Governorate, south of the Gaza Strip. The strike killed between 9 and 13 civilians, including four women, four children, and one man, and injured

Summary

First published
December 23, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
Apartment Building, Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
9 – 13
(4 children4 women1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
9 named, 3 families identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
8
Geolocation
Town
View Incident

Incident date

June 21, 2024

Incident Code

ISPT210624l

LOCATION

الشجاعي، مدينة غزة, Shujaiya neighbourhood, Gaza City, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

A number of people were injured by an alleged Israeli bombing of a house in the Shujaiya neighborhood, east of Gaza City on June 21, 2024. Al Jazeera and @ShehabAgency reported on “injuries” as a result of an Israeli bombing in Shujaiya, in additional to other local sources, and none specified how many people were

Summary

First published
March 29, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

July 15, 2024

Incident Code

ISPT150724d

LOCATION

بيت لاهيا, Beit Lahia, North Gaza, the Gaza Strip

One civilian was killed and one other was injured in an alleged Israeli drone strike on the morning of July 15, 2024 in Beit Lahia, Northern Gaza. The civilian confirmed to have been killed in the strike was a young man, 25-year-old Mustafa Saeb Banat. His grandfather was injured in the same strike. Safa News reported

Summary

First published
September 28, 2024
Last updated
January 30, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
2 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
1
Geolocation
Town
View Incident

Incident date

November 6, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0920

LOCATION

بالقرب من مسجد الشهداء، مخيم النصيرات, Vicinity of Martyrs’ Mosque, Nuseirat camp, Deir al-Balah, the Gaza Strip

Shortly before 14:15 on Monday, November 6th, 2023, two civilians were reportedly killed in what most sources described as an “attack” in the Al-Assar house located behind the Martyrs’ Mosque in the Nuseirat camp, in the region of Deir al-Balah, the Gaza Strip. Thirteen different sources reported on the incident, but so far, the two

Summary

First published
September 28, 2024
Last updated
April 14, 2025
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerents
Israeli Military, Palestinian Militants
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

August 1, 2024

Incident Code

ISPT010824o

LOCATION

قطاع غزة, the Gaza strip, the Gaza Strip

On August 1, 2024, the bodies of Muhammad Shafiq Omar Issa, 42 or 43 years old, and Sharaf Yasser Abdel Hamid Abu al-Eish, 29 years old, were identified at the Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis, both of whom were allegedly killed by the Israeli military. Facebook posts by Umm Sami al-Masri and Mohammad Mahmoud included photos of

Summary

First published
December 24, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(2 men)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
2 named
Names matched with MoH IDs
2
View Incident

Incident date

November 7, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0942

LOCATION

منطقة معن، خان يونس, Ma'an area, Khan Younis, Khan Younis, the Gaza Strip

At dawn on Tuesday, November 7, 2023, an alleged airstrike by the Israeli military hit the Asraf family house in the Ma’an area of Khan Younis in the Gaza Strip. The incident reportedly resulted in at least nine civilian casualties, including two men, two women – among them an elderly woman – and five children.

Summary

First published
January 17, 2025
Last updated
April 15, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
9
(5 children2 women2 men)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
9 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
9
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

November 12, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1073

LOCATION

بالقرب من روضة البسمة، مدينة غزة, Vicinity of Al Basma Kindergarten, Gaza City, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

At dawn on November 12th 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike killed at least four civilians in the Al-Nakhal home on Abu Hasira Street in Gaza City. At least five others were injured, including two children. Four men were reported killed by local sources: 73-year-old father Mahmoud Hassan Mostafa al-Louh, his 36-year-old son Dr. Hammam Mahmoud

Summary

First published
November 18, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
(0–1 women4 men)
Civilians reported injured
5–6
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Impact
Healthcare
Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
9 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
4
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

November 7, 2024

Incident Code

ISPT071124t

LOCATION

مدرسة ذكور الشاطئ الإبتدائية (ج), Al-Shati Elementary Boys School, Al Shati refugee camp, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

At least 17 civilians and at least one Hamas militant were killed after a declared Israeli airstrike on the Al-Shati Boys Elementary School (Shuhaybar School) in the Al-Shati Refugee Camp west of Gaza City on 7 November, 2024. The school was reportedly housing thousands of displaced people at the time of the strike. The Israel

Summary

First published
February 6, 2025
Last updated
February 27, 2025
Strike status
Declared strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Education, IDP or Refugee Camp, Primary School
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
17 – 18
(10–12 children3 women2–5 men)
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Known belligerent
Israeli Military
Known target
Palestinian Forces
Named victims
18 named, 2 families identified
Geolocation
Exact location (other)
Belligerents reported killed
1–2
View Incident

Incident date

November 5, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0910

LOCATION

مسجد الدعوة، النصيرات, Al-Dawa Mosque, Nuseirat Camp, Deir al-Balah, the Gaza Strip

During noon prayers on Sunday, November 5, 2023, at least one man was killed and at least four others, including children, were injured by an alleged Israeli drone strike on the courtyard of Al-Da’wa Mosque in Nuseirat Refugee Camp, in the central Gaza Strip. On Facebook, Alghad TV recounted “a number of displaced persons injured”

Summary

First published
March 10, 2025
Last updated
April 10, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp, Mosque, Religious
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1 – 2
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
4
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
1 named
Names matched with MoH IDs
1
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

May 11, 2021

Incident Code

PALIS010

LOCATION

عسقلان, Ashkelon, Southern, Israel

One Israeli civilian was killed and as many as seven injured when alleged Hamas militants fired a rocket struck the city of Ashkelon southern Israel on the 11th May, 2021, according to local reports. Nella Gurevitz (between 52 and 57 years old) was killed and her husband injured, when a rocket reportedly fired by Hamas

Summary

First published
May 11, 2021
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Declared strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Confirmed
A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
Known belligerent
Palestinian Militants
Named victims
2 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident