Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

March 20, 2019

Incident Code

RS3608

LOCATION

بلدات متعددة في ريف إدلب, Several towns in Idlib countryside, Idlib, Syria

Local media reported that Russian warplanes carried out strikes on a number of towns and villages in Idlib on March 20th and 21st, resulting in the death of up to five civilians. According to the Step News Agency, “Russia launched several air raids on the towns of Sheikh Mustafa and Basida  and the outskirts of

Summary

First published
March 20, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 5
(1 child)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

December 29, 2017

Incident Code

RS2826

LOCATION

التمانعة, Al Taman'a, Idlib, Syria

One civilian was injured, and an unspecific number were killed, in air and artillery strikes which struck Al Taman’a, according to sources on the ground. Local media blamed both the Syrian regime and Russian warplanes for the civilian harm. Orient News reported that “helicopters threw several barrels of explosives” on the vicinity. A local source,

Summary

First published
December 29, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
Civilians reported injured
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

April 11, 2018

Incident Code

RS3401

LOCATION

قسطون, Qastoun village, Hama, Syria

An attack on the village of Qastoun in the Hama countryside killed at least four civilians including a woman and children and wounded three others, local sources reported. Two women and three children died, according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. Smart News said Assad forces used rockets and missiles on the town, with

Summary

First published
April 11, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
(2–3 children1–2 women)
Civilians reported injured
3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

February 24, 2016

Incident Code

RS660

LOCATION

زملكا, Zamalka, Damascus, Syria

Five civilians including two to three children died in airstrikes on Zamalka according to local sources – though reports are conflicted as to whether this was the work of Russia or the Assad regime. In a news roundup, Shaam News Network reported that “Russian enemy planes carried out intense strikes on the clash areas and

Summary

First published
February 24, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
(2–3 children)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
5 named
View Incident

Incident date

November 20, 2015

Incident Code

CS149 RS175

LOCATION

البوكمال, Abu Kamal, Deir Ezzor, Syria

The Violations Documentation Center listed five non-combatants, including two women and one child, as killed in an alleged Russian or Coalition airstrike near Al Bukamal. At least two of those killed were said to work for the local electricity company, who died when an oil tank was targeted. VDC named two male victims and additionally

Summary

First published
November 20, 2015
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
(1 child2 women2 men)
Civilians reported injured
3
Airwars civilian harm grading
Confirmed
A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
Known belligerent
US-led Coalition
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
3 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 4, 2016

Incident Code

RS1223

LOCATION

داعل, Dael, Daraa, Syria

One named civilian died in an airstrike on Da’el, according to local sources – though it was unclear whether the death was caused by a Russia or Syrian regime airstrike or by regime artillery. Sources reported that both Russian and regime aircraft were operating in the area. Akhbar Alan blamed a regime airstrike while SyrianMubasher

Summary

First published
September 4, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1 – 5
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 10, 2016

Incident Code

RS1255

LOCATION

الميسر, Mayser, Aleppo, Syria

Up to five civilians including one child died and as many as dozens more were wounded in airstrikes on the Mayser neighbourhood of Aleppo, according to sources on the ground – though sources were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were to blame. According to Zouhayrhnidel, “Russian warplanes destroyed 30 civilian houses

Summary

First published
September 10, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
3 – 5
(1 child)
Civilians reported injured
7–24
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

September 20, 2016

Incident Code

RS1288

LOCATION

حي السكري, Sukkari , Aleppo, Syria

Between two and five civilians including a child and up two women died and several more were wounded in an alleged Russian or Assad regime airstrike on Aleppo’s Al Sukkari neighbourhood, according to local media. Al Jazeera said that a six-storey building was destroyed in the attack. According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights,

Summary

First published
September 20, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 5
(1 child2 women)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

October 8, 2016

Incident Code

RS1418

LOCATION

حيش, Heesh, Idlib, Syria

According to local media, an airstrike on Heesh village near Idlib killed a family of four: a father, mother and two children – though reports were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Assad regime were to blame. One report claimed that there were five deaths. According to the Shaam News Network, the strikes hit a

Summary

First published
October 8, 2016
Last updated
December 15, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
(2 children1 woman1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
4 named
Geolocation
Town
View Incident

Incident date

November 21, 2016

Incident Code

RS1659

LOCATION

حرستا, Harasta, Damascus, Syria

As many as five civilians were reportedly killed – including up to three children – in alleged artillery and airstrikes “from the surrounding mountains” which struck Harasta. Both women and children were reportedly among the “dozens wounded” in the raid. Some sources such as LCCSY have blamed Russian warplanes the for alleged bombing, however other

Summary

First published
November 21, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 5
(2–3 children1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
2–24
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
5 named
View Incident

Incident date

December 3, 2015

Incident Code

RS222

LOCATION

الناجية, Najieh, Idlib, Syria

Five civilians including one child were reported killed – and five others injured – in an alleged Russian airstrike on the village of Najieh. The Shaam News Network posted images on Facebook showing the remains of what it stated were missiles dropped by Russian warplanes, while Jisr TV described the weapons as “cluster rockets originating

Summary

First published
December 3, 2015
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
(1 child4 men)
Civilians reported injured
5
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Unknown
Named victims
5 named
View Incident

Incident date

March 3, 2018

Incident Code

RS3147

LOCATION

المحمدية, Al Muhammadiya , Damascus, Syria

Up to five civilians were killed and others were wounded in air and artillery strikes on Al Muhammadiya, according to local media. Sources blamed both the Syrian regime and Russian for the raids. Barrel bombs, helicopters and artillery targeted a residential neighbourhood, according to local media. According to local media, a child and three adult

Summary

First published
March 3, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
3 – 5
(1 child3 men)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
4 named
View Incident

Incident date

November 30, 2017

Incident Code

CS1687 RS2771

LOCATION

درنج, Daranj, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Up to five civilians died, and 14 were wounded in an airstrike on Daranj, local media said, though sources were conflicted as to whether this was the work of the US-led Coalition or Russia. In January 2019 the Coalition accepted responsibility for the event, noting: “Coalition aircraft engaged ISIS fighters operating a mortar position firing

Summary

First published
November 30, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
(1 child1 woman2–3 men)
Civilians reported injured
14
Airwars civilian harm grading
Confirmed
A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
Known belligerent
US-led Coalition
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
5 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

November 25, 2016

Incident Code

RS1688

LOCATION

حي الشعار , Al Shi'ar, Aleppo, Syria

Between four and five civilians, including two children, were killed and 12 or more civilians were wounded in airstrikes on Al Shi’ar in Aleppo. The majority of sources did not identify who was to blame for the airstrikes but those that did, including Syrian Network for Human Rights and Syrian People’s Movement, attributed the airstrikes

Summary

First published
November 25, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
(2 children)
Civilians reported injured
12
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

December 12, 2016

Incident Code

RS1786

LOCATION

تدمر, Palmyra , Homs, Syria

Up to five civilians were reportedly killed in shelling on Palmyra, according to local media. The source, Al Natek, reported that there was “heavy shelling targeting the city of Douma by Russian aviation”. A later report from the same source stated that an “Al Jazeera correspondent reported that five were dead and a number wounded

Summary

First published
December 12, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

April 3, 2017

Incident Code

RS2069

LOCATION

سراقب, Saraqeb, Idlib, Syria

Up to five civilians were killed – including an entire family of four people – and as many as seven other civilians were injured – including three children – in an airstrike which struck the residential neighbourhood of Saraqeb, according to local media. Sources all blamed Russian warplanes for the raid, though some, such as Smart

Summary

First published
April 3, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
(2–3 children1–2 women)
Civilians reported injured
3–7
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
4 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

March 21, 2017

Incident Code

RS1996

LOCATION

كماري , Kamari town, Aleppo, Syria

Five civilians were killed and 10 injured by alleged Russian airstrikes southwest of Aleppo, Smart News reported. The raids reportedly struck the town at night, killing a woman and child, as well as three men. Rescue teams worked for five hours to recover those trapped under the rubble.

Summary

First published
March 21, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
(1 child1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
7–10
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

October 3, 2017

Incident Code

RS2589

LOCATION

الميادين, Mayadeen, Deir Ezzor, Syria

A family of five were killed and dozens more were wounded in air and artillery strikes on Mayadeen, local media reported. Sources attributed the blame to Russia and the Syrian regime. Alhayat News reported that as many as 30 civilians were killed, however Airwars researchers have concluded this was a separate incident, R2440, on the

Summary

First published
October 3, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
(4 children1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
5 named
View Incident

Incident date

November 7, 2016

Incident Code

RS1541

LOCATION

قرية السلوم , Al Sallloum, Aleppo, Syria

Between two and three civilians were killed, including three children and a woman, and others were wounded in airstrikes that struck Al Salloum village in Aleppo, sources on the ground said. While the Violations Documentation Center and Halab News identified the names of an adult female and male that were killed in the airstrikes, @eldorar1

Summary

First published
November 7, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 5
(0–3 children1 woman1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
2 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

November 13, 2016

Incident Code

RS1570

LOCATION

الأتارب, Al Atarib, Aleppo, Syria

Up to five civilians were killed, including a woman and a girl, and as many as dozens more were wounded in alleged Russian and Syrian regime raids on the Civil Defence Centre for Rehabilitation and Training, and a boys’ school in Al Atarib, according to sources on the ground. It is unclear as to whether these

Summary

First published
November 13, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian infrastructure
School
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 5
(1–2 children1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
5–24
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

November 20, 2016

Incident Code

RS1652

LOCATION

دوما, Douma, Damascus, Syria

In a single source claim, five civilians were killed – including three brothers under the age of 18 and their mother, and a man – in an alleged Russian airstrike on Douma. There are no other details at this time.

Summary

First published
November 20, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
(3 children1 woman1 man)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
5 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

May 6, 2019

Incident Code

RS3669

LOCATION

صهيان, Sahiyan, Idlib, Syria

Up to four women and a child were killed in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on the village of Sahyan, Idlib governorate, on May 6th, 2010, according to local sources. Four other civilians were injured. @ShahbaPress reported that four women and a child were killed and an unknown number of others were injured when

Summary

First published
May 6, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1 – 5
(1 child4 women)
Civilians reported injured
4
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

June 5, 2016

Incident Code

RS854 CS224a

LOCATION

شعيب الذكر, Shai'eeb al Zakar, Raqqa, Syria

Five civilians including three children died in an airstrike on airstrike on Shai’eeb al Zakar, according to local sources though reports were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were responsible, with one report saying that the warplanes were thought to have belonged to the US-led Coalition. Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently blamed a

Summary

First published
June 5, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
(3 children4 men)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Unknown, Syrian Regime, US-led Coalition
Named victims
5 named
View Incident

Incident date

July 25, 2016

Incident Code

RS1047

LOCATION

Arbeen, Aleppo, Syria

Up to five civilians died and as many as 15 were wounded in airstrikes on Arbeen, local sources said – though it was unclear whether Russia or the Syrian regime carried out the attacks. Alsharq and Qary blamed Russia and put the death toll at four. Alitihad Press and Shahba also attributed the event to Russia,

Summary

First published
July 25, 2016
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
Civilians reported injured
10–15
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

November 25, 2016

Incident Code

RS1689

LOCATION

ترمانين, Tarminin, Idlib, Syria

Between two and five civilians, including two children, were killed and at least 10 other civilians were injured in four airstrikes launched against the town of Tarminin in the northern countryside of Idlib. Both those that were killed and injured included patients and members of the medical staff at the hospital. According to multiple sources,

Summary

First published
November 25, 2016
Last updated
December 21, 2022
Civilian infrastructure
Healthcare facility
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 5
(2 children)
Civilians reported injured
2–10
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
2 named
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

December 26, 2017

Incident Code

RS2815

LOCATION

اللطامنة, Lataminah, Hama, Syria

Up to five men were killed in alleged Russian aerial shelling of Lataminah, local media said, though it was unclear whether the victims were a part of the armed opposition or civilians. Several reports, such as HalabTodayTV and @AleppoAMC, reported that the airstrikes “killed and wounded civilians.” However, Step News Agency reported that the strikes

Summary

First published
December 26, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 5
(5 men)
Civilians reported injured
2–7
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
5 named
View Incident

Incident date

October 30, 2015

Incident Code

RS094

LOCATION

جسر الشغور, Jisr al Shughour, Idlib, Syria

Up to five civilians – among them three children and an adult male – were reported killed in an alleged air and ground assault on Jisr al Shughour, according to a number of sources. The Syrian Network later named the dead. Shaam News reported that “Russian warplanes carried out two raids with rockets on the

Summary

First published
October 30, 2015
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
(3 children1 man)
Civilians reported injured
10
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
4 named
View Incident

Incident date

February 3, 2018

Incident Code

RS2969

LOCATION

سراقب, Saraqeb, Idlib, Syria

On February 3, 2018, up to five civilians were killed and several more were left wounded following alleged Russian or Syrian Regime airstrikes in Saraqeb, Idlib, local media reported. Saraqeb had reportedly been subject to several aerial attacks in the previous days and local activists told al-Araby that “the city is being burned by intensive

Summary

First published
February 3, 2018
Last updated
June 26, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4 – 5
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

November 26, 2015

Incident Code

RS191

LOCATION

مَعَرَّة النُّعْمَان, Maarat al Numan, Idlib, Syria

Five adult male civilians were killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on the main street of Maarat Al Nu’man. Orient News interviewed three witnesses to the attack (featured below). “The Russians carried out five raids killing around six people and injuring many. They were all civilian passers-by,” states a civil defence worker, while a resident

Summary

First published
November 26, 2015
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian infrastructure
School
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
5
(5 men)
Civilians reported injured
12–20
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Named victims
5 named
View Incident

Incident date

January 30, 2018

Incident Code

RS2949

LOCATION

البوابية, Al-Bawabiya, Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

An entire family of five were killed, and ten others were injured in airstrikes which hit the village of Al-Bawabiya, Aleppo, according to local media. Sources blamed both Russia and the Syrian regime for the raids. The family were buried alive when the raid struck their homes. Images and footage show the extent of devastation

Summary

First published
January 30, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 5
(2 children1 woman3 men)
Civilians reported injured
10
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
5 named
View Incident