Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

An internally displaced Kurdish family in northern Iraq, 2016 (Maranie R. Staab)

Belligerent
Turkish Military
Country
Iraq
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

TS543

Incident date

August 9, 2022

Location

سيكركا, Sikirka, Hassakah, Syria

Geolocation

37.052436, 41.851494 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Six civilians, including four children and women, were injured in alleged Turkish shelling of the village of Sikirka east of Qamishli city on August 9, 2022.

Hawar News reported that Turkish bombings of multiple villages east of Qamishli city and in Amuda sub-district resulted in the injury of seven civilians, four of whom are children. Hawar also documented the names of the six civilians that were injured in the village of Sikirka: Halabja Rashid 33 years old, Arin Abdel Aziz Al-Hassan 38 years old, children Muhammad Salah 12 years old, Miran Salah 10 years old, Ilan Salah 5 years old, and Baland Muhammad Shams El-Din 16 years old. The correspondent for Hawar confirmed that the injured were being treated at Al-Rahma Hospital in Qamishlo city.

A Facebook post by “Human rights in Jazeera” stated that the artillery shells launched at the village of Sikirka struck a home and resulted in the injury of women and children, without specifying how many. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights also reported that children were injured without providing a number.

Nor Mahmod posted on Facebook that three of the people injured were from the same family, and their home that was struck by the shelling is located “near the silos”. Kurdistan Rêbaza Barzaniyê Nemir added that the shelling caused an exodus of citizens from the area, displacing hundreds, due to the mortars and heavy machine guns.

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the shelling to Turkey. A Facebook post by “Kurdistan Rêbaza Barzaniyê Nemir” reported that an exchange of shelling took place between the SDF and the Turkish army, and specified that the shell that struck a home in the village of Sikirka and caused civilian casualties was launched by the army from inside Turkish territory.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Muhammad Salah محمد صالح
12 years old injured
Miran Salah ميران صلاح
10 years old injured
Ilan Salah ايلان صلاح
5 years old injured

The victims were named as:

Halabja Rashid حلبجة رشيد
33 years old injured
Arin Abdel Aziz Al-Hassan آرين عبد العزيز الحسن
38 years old injured
Baland Muhammad Shams El-Din بلند محمد شمس الدين
16 years old injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military
  • Suspected target
    YPG/SDF

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • Qashlou August 9, 2022 The Turkish occupation army bombed the villages of Sikirka and Tel Ziwan in Qamishlo, and reports of injuries The Turkish occupation army bombed with artillery shells the villages of Sikarka and Tel Ziwan, east of Qamishlo city, amid preliminary reports of a direct hit to a house in Sikarka and injuries, including children and women. and injuring others.
  • Civilians injured by alleged Turkish shelling of multiple villages east of Qamishli city and in Amuda sub-district (TS543 and TS544) on August 9, 2022. (Image posted by Hawar News)
  • Damage to a residential home east of Qamishli on August 9, 2022. (Image posted by Nor Mahmod via Facebook)
  • Damage to a residential home east of Qamishli on August 9, 2022. (Image posted by Nor Mahmod via Facebook)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Woman injured by alleged Turkish shelling of multiple villages east of Qamishli city and in Amuda sub-district (TS543 and TS544) on August 9, 2022. (Image posted by Kurdistan Rêbaza Barzaniyê Nemir)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Sikirka (سيكركا), for which the generic coordinates are: 37.052436,41.851494. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military
  • Suspected target
    YPG/SDF

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS570

Incident date

November 23, 2022

Location

القحطانية , Terbe Spi (al-Qahtaniyeh) east of the city of Qamishli, Syria

Airwars assessment

On November 23rd 2022, 6 civilians, including 4 workers and 2 oil engineers were reportedly injured by Turkish airstrikes and/or artillery attacks on a car and on the Tigris Oil Station, in the vicinity of oil fields close to Terbe Spi town (Turba Sabih, Tirbe Spih, al-Qahtaniyeh).

Several local sources indicated that Turkish warplanes hit a car located on M4 Highway south of Terbe Spi leading to 4 workers injured. Those were identified as Abdul Rahman Al-Ahmad, 22 years old, Ibrahim Al-Mohammed, 43 years old, Abdel Moneim Khalifa, 28 years old, and Ziyad Al Habib 35 years old. The injured were then taken to the Kurdish Red Crescent center for treatment.

Two oil engineers identified by local sources as Aser Sattam and Abdel Karim Abdo were reportedly injured by Turkish strikes on the Tigris Oil Station, in Gerhok (Karhouk) village, east of Jal Agha district. They were transferred to Girkê Legê and Qamishli hospitals for treatment.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Abdul Rahman Al-Ahmad
22 years old male injured
Ibrahim Al-Mohammed
43 years old male injured
Abdel Moneim Khalifa
28 years old male injured
Ziyad Al Habib
35 years old male injured
Aser Sattam
Adult male engineer injured
Abdel Karim Abdo
Adult male engineer injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (8) [ collapse]

  • At least 4 civilians were injured in an alleged Turkish strike on November 23rd 2022 in Terbe Spi area. Source: ANHA English
  • At least 4 civilians workers were injured by an alleged Turkish strike on November 23rd 2022 in Tirbe Spih area. Source: Haval Sedo
  • Reported damage by alleged Turkish bombing on November 23rd 2022 on Tigris oil station and in Terbe Spi area. Source: Evin Shexmous
  • A car damage by alleged Turkish bombing on November 23rd 2022 in Terbe Spi area. Several civilians were reportedly injured by the strike. Source: Evin Shexmous
  • Reported damage by alleged Turkish bombing on November 23rd 2022 on Tigris oil station and in Terbe Spi area. Source: Evin Shexmous
  • Reported damage by alleged Turkish bombing on November 23rd 2022 on Tigris oil station and in Terbe Spi area. Source: Evin Shexmous
  • On November 23rd November, Turkish airstrikes reportedly hit oil and gas fields as well as villages, leading to several civilian casualties east of Qamishli city. Source: NPA
  • Two oil ingeneers were reportedly injured by Turkish strikes on the Tigris Oil Station, located in Karhouk village, east of Jal Agha district. Source: ANHA عربية

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS603

Incident date

June 14, 2023

Location

village of Shourik, Al Hassaka, Syria

Airwars assessment

Four civilians were injured by alleged Turkish drone strikes on the village of Shourik on June 14, 2023.

North Press Agency reported that a Turkish drone carried out a strike near a cement factory in the village of Shourik resulting in casualties. A medical source told North Press that an injured man named Ahmad Saleh Abdullah was brought to al-Salam Hospital in Qamishli city for treatment and that his health condition was stable. The victim is described as an IDP from the city of Aleppo who lives in the town of al-Qahtaniyeh (Tirbe Spiye).

According to Hawar News, four civilians were injured by Turkish strikes on the Qamishlo-Tirbespiyê road, which caused damage to a number of passing cars on the road. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights refer to the “targeted” vehicle as a military vehicle, but did not specify whether those affected were civilians or militants.

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the strikes to Turkish drones.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Ahmad Saleh Abdullah
Age unknown male injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    4
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • A vehicle destroyed by alleged Turkish drone strikes on the village of Shourik on June 14, 2023. (Image posted by the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights)
  • A vehicle destroyed by alleged Turkish drone strikes on the village of Shourik on June 14, 2023. (Image posted by Hawar News)

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    4
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS628

Incident date

September 6, 2023

Location

قرية طحمة, Tahna village, Aleppo, Syria

Airwars assessment

Three children were injured by alleged Turkish shelling of Tahna village on September 6, 2023. At the time of reporting, all three children were in the intensive care unit in serious condition.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that three children from the same family were seriously injury by Turkish shelling of Tahna village and were taken to Al-Barkal hospital in Manbij city for treatment.

ANF reported the names of the children injured according to hospital records: Weam Al-Jassem (15 years old), Ibrahim Al-Jassem (12 years old), and Jalal Al-Jassem (14 years old).

The administrator and assistant surgeon at Al-Barkal Hospital, Ahmed Al-Ali, told ANF that two of the children’s were opened because of the presence of shrapnel, and two of the children had their spleens removed. He also said The first child, Weam Al-Jassem, has an injury to the kidney and stomach and had his spleen removed. The other child, Jalal Al-Jassem, has the same injuries, but his kidney is more damaged. There is a possibility that we will remove it within the next 24 hours, but now we are waiting in the hope that it will return to work and if it stops completely. The third child, Ibrahim Al-Jassem, was subjected to a chest explosion due to a bad wind.”

News of north and east of Syria posted on Facebook that the medical staff treating the children said “We are making efforts to save their lives.”

The incident occured around dawn.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Weam Al-Jassem وئام الجاسم
15 years old injured
Ibrahim Al-Jassem إبراهيم الجاسم
12 years old injured
Jalal Al-Jassem جلال الجاسم
14 years old injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Children being treated for serious injuries following alleged Turkish shelling of the village of Tahna on September 6, 2023. (Image posted by Hawar News)

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS143

Incident date

January 30, 2018

Location

قسطل جندو, Qastal Jando, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.630278, 37.017222 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Rumaf reported alleged Turkish shelling on the outskirts of Qastal Jendo, “causing material damage and injuring civilians, including children.”

No additional details are presently known.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Qastal Jando (قسطل جندو), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.630278, 37.017222. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS174

Incident date

February 9, 2018

Location

شيا عفرين, Shya, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.496944, 36.598333 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In a private report to Airwars, the Kurdish Red Crescent named one civilian as injured in an alleged Turkish shelling of Shya.

The type of weapon was not reported.

No further details are currently available.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Hassan Saqid
27 years old male injury to the knee injured

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town of Shya, Afrin (شيا عفرين), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.496944, 36.598333. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS314

Incident date

October 11, 2019

Location

البديع, Bedî, Raqqa, Syria

Geolocation

36.653994, 38.921857 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Three civilians were killed in alleged Turkish airstrikes on the village of Bedî, south of the town of Tal Abyad/Girê Spî, Raqqa governorate, as reported by local sources.

Yeni Özgür Politika (@y_ozgurpolitika) stated on Twitter that Turkish warplanes were responsible for the airstrikes and reported that “many” were  injured, but the exact number of wounded civilians remains unclear.

Currently, more information is unavailable to Airwars.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–5
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Bedî (البديع), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.653994, 38.921857. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–5
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS346

Incident date

October 16, 2019

Location

ريحانية, Rihaniya, Hassakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.601231, 40.071902 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between three and five civilians – of whom three were women – were wounded in an alleged Turkish attack on Rihaniya village, according to local media.

Hawarnews reported that “two women and an elderly man, all from the village of Rihaniya” were wounded in alleged Turkish shelling of Rihaniya village.

However, several other sources said that three women were injured in a shooting by Turkisj forces.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3–5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    "Civilians talking about the Turkish army targeting their village."
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Rihaniya (ريحانية), west of Alia (غرب), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.601231, 40.071902. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3–5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]