All Belligerents in Libya, 2011

All Belligerents in Libya, 2011

Mourners in Majer, Libya in 2011 following a NATO airstrike which killed at least 34 civilians, according to multiple reports. Image courtesy of Sidney Kwiram/ Human Rights Watch

Belligerent
Country
Libya
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Belligerent Assessment
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Incident Code

LC106

Incident date

April 7, 2019

Location

وادي الربيع, Wadi al Rabie, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.709600, 13.382378 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

The doctor Jumua Ghouma was reported killed from indiscriminate shelling on Tajoura.

The Times reported: “Another doctor, Jumua Ghouma, was killed while off-duty when a shell fell on his house.”

Abdulrahman Ghummied said his home was in the Wadi al Rabie area of Tajoura.

Khaled Sherif posted that he was the head of the laboratory at the local hospital.

Reports of fighting in the area point at GNA or LNA as the perpetrator of the shelling.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Jumua Ghouma
Adult male Doctor killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attackers
    Government of National Accord, Libyan National Army

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes (1) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Wadi Al Rabie (الطويشة), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.709600, 13.382378. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

  • Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Wadi Al Rabie (الطويشة).

    Imagery:
    Google Earth

Government of National Accord Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Government of National Accord
  • Government of National Accord position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Libyan National Army Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Libyan National Army
  • Libyan National Army position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attackers
    Government of National Accord, Libyan National Army

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC105a

Incident date

April 6, 2019

Location

وادي الربيع, Wadi al Rabie, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.743819, 13.357047 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian doctor was allegedly killed by LNA shelling on Wadi Al Rabie.

Al Wasat said: “The field medicine center mourned the doctor Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, who was killed in the clashes areas south of Tripoli.

The field medicine center said, Saturday, ‘The field medicine and support center mourns the martyr of duty Dr. Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, who was martyred this morning Saturday while fulfilling his national and humanitarian duty to save the wounded and injured in the clashes that have taken place in the suburbs of the capital Tripoli since Thursday.'”

Ahmed Al Shar said he was killed by a bullet.

The GNA-led Burkan Al Ghadab operation claimed that his ambulance was targeted by warplanes.

His family later filed a lawsuit against the LNA leader Khalifa Haftar saying: “54. Plaintiff Abdulhameed Al-Harramah’s son, Dr. Ayman Al-Harramah, was always
dedicated and committed to humanitarian work. He worked alongside the Children’s
Hospital as a member of many civil society organizations related to humanitarian
activities.
55. He and his colleagues founded the ‘All Doctors Foundation’ before the revolution of
2011. It provided a variety of services, including the distribution of recordings of
additional lectures that medical students and other students were unable to attend or
have no material resources.
56. On April 6, 2019, in the Spring Valley area, also known in Arabic as ‘Wady Al-
Rabii’, Dr. Ayman al-Harramah was doing his work providing medical care and
saving lives in a civilian field hospital when Defendant Haftar indiscriminately
bombed the hospital, killing Dr. Ayman al-Harramah.
57. Plaintiff Abdulhameed Al-Harramah is grief stricken about the loss of his son.”

The incident occured in the morning.

The victims were named as:

Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man1 healthcare_personnel)
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, allegedly killed by LNA shelling on Wadi Al Rabie on April 6th, 2020 (via Khaled Kaloul)
  • Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, allegedly killed by LNA shelling on Wadi Al Rabie on April 6th, 2020 (via Only Libya)
  • Body of Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, allegedly killed by LNA shelling on Wadi Al Rabie on April 6th, 2020 (via Only Libya)

Geolocation notes (1) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Wadi Al Rabie (الطويشة), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.709600, 13.382378. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

  • Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Wadi Al Rabie (الطويشة).

    Imagery:
    Google Earth

Libyan National Army Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Libyan National Army
  • Libyan National Army position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man1 healthcare_personnel)
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC105

Incident date

April 5, 2019

Location

وادي الهيرة, Wadi al Hira, Jafara, Libya

Geolocation

32.355833, 13.047222 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A family was reported killed in a GNA airstrike on Wadi Al Hira near Aziziyah.

DMC news said: “The head of the General Command Information Office of the Libyan National Army, Khalifa al-Obeidi, said that a warplane took off from Misurata airfield bombed a house and killed a family in the Aziziyah region, 45 km south of Tripoli.”

The LNA-affiliated 218 TV published a similar report: “A spokesman for the National Army, Major General Ahmad al-Mismari, said that four aircraft launched airstrikes on the Aziziyah area which did not result in any military casualties, but led to the death of a family.”

Sky News Arabia wrote that “activists said one of the raids hit a house, killing several people from a single family.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Government of National Accord

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Picture supposedly showing the aftermath of the strike (via Sky News Arabia)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention Wadi Al Hira (وادي الهيرة), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.355833 13.047222. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Government of National Accord Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Government of National Accord
  • Government of National Accord position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Government of National Accord

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC104

Incident date

April 2, 2019

Location

جبل العوينات, Jebel Uweinat, Kufra, Libya

Geolocation

21.900113, 24.966917 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Four civilians were reported killed in an airstrike on Jebel Uweinat by an unknown belligerent. While the majority of sources said those killed were combatants, the Libya Observer said they were civilians.

It said: “On another level, spokesperson of warlord Khalifa Haftar’s self-styled army, Ahmed Al-Mismari denied that the bombing was coordinated with their forces, describing the four victims as ‘terrorists’.”

Alwasat quoted the LNA spokesperson Ahmed al-Mismari saying that four terrorists were killed in the strike.

Mohammed Mahjoob said five AL Qaeda members were killed.

Mohammed al-Bass named six ISIS members supposedly killed in the attack (four of them pictured below).

Both LNA and US AFRICOM denied responibility for the strike.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 4
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Unknown

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (6) [ collapse]

  • Statement by the LNA spokesperson Ahmed al-Mismari on the incident
  • One of the victims supposedly killed in the strike (via Mohammed al-Bass)
  • Another victim supposedly killed in the strike (via Mohammed al-Bass)
  • Another victim supposedly killed in the strike (via Mohammed al-Bass)
  • Another victim supposedly killed in the strike (via Mohammed al-Bass)
  • The vehicle allegedly struck in the incident (via Libya Observer)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the vicinity of the Jebel Uweinat (جبل العوينات), for which the generic coordinates are: 21.900113, 24.966917. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 4
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Unknown

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

Lib2011-218

Incident date

December 16, 2011

Location

طرابلس‎, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.886602, 13.190912 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian was killed and three others were injured in Tripoli on December 16, 2011 when their car was ambushed and attacked by nine people armed with Kalashnikov rifles. According to the UN Report Source Page 82, a survivor of the attack said that he was in a car with four friends when their car was blocked by a pick-up truck, a 4×4 vehicle, and a car and the assailants tried to steal their car but when they refused, they opened fire, killing one passenger and injuring two other passengers and the driver.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Ground operation
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected target
    Libyan rebel forces

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Tripoli (طرابلس‎), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.886602, 13.190912. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Ground operation
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected target
    Libyan rebel forces

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

Lib2011-035

Incident date

March 17, 2011

Location

كرزاز, Kerzaz, Misurata, Libya

Geolocation

32.300918, 15.088863 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Two civilians from the same family were reportedly killed by Gaddafi forces tank shelling in the Kerzaz neighbourhood of Misurata.

An Amnesty International investigation found: “Two other families were shot at in similar circumstances as they were fleeing Kerzaz in their vehicles on 17 March. In both cases, family members were killed and injured. Tahar Abu Shibah, a 46-year-old father of nine, and his oldest daughter Mona, aged 21, were killed when their car came under fire. One of his relatives, who was in another car, told Amnesty International:

“We left in three cars, at about 10pm, I was driving the first car, and Tahar was behind. He was driving and Mona was sitting beside him and at the back were Tahar’s wife, his son, his nephew and two other children from the family. At a certain point we saw a tank in front of us, quite close. ‘They started to shoot from the tank and I turned back and managed to get away, but Tahar and Mona were hit several times. Tahar was killed on the spot; we got Mona to hospital but she died when we got there.'”

The incident occured at approximately 10:00 pm local time.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Tahar Abu Shibah
46 years old male killed
Mona
21 years old female killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 woman1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes (1) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Kerzaz (كرزاز) in the district of Misurata (مصراتة). The generic coordinates for this neighbourhood are: 32.300918, 15.088863. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

  • Reports of the incident mention the neighborhood of Kerzaz (كرزاز) in the district of Misurata (مصراتة).

    Imagery:
    Google Earth

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 woman1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.

Sources (1) [ collapse]