Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS3281

Incident date

March 15, 2018

Location

حزة, Hazza, Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

33.52034, 36.36494 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Seven civilians including two children died in alleged Russian or regime airstrikes on Hazza, local media said. There were reports that Russia conducted two strikes, the second of which killed a member of the civil defence and a medic.

According to @RaedAlSaleh3, “The martyr Ayman Jamal al-Din, a volunteer of the Civil Defense volunteers, was killed in a double air strike by Russian warplanes that targeted ambulance teams who worked to save civilians in the town of Hazza”.

@SiegeWatch reported “Mohammad Mohammad al-Tair, a member of the medical staff at Mercy Hospital in #Hazzeh” as killed “when his ambulance was directly targeted by pro-government forces.”

The Syrian Network for Human Rights blamed “Syrian/Russian” missiles for the death of four civilians including a child and a woman.

@AJABreaking noted the use of “chlorine gas” by the regime.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Hamad Al-Tai
Adult male killed
Muhammad Muhammad al-Tair
Adult male killed

The victims were named as:

Child male killed
Adult male killed
Adult female killed
Mahmoud Qassem Batoul
Child male killed
Adult male a volunteer of the Civil Defense killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7
  • (2 children1 woman5 men1 healthcare_personnel)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–5
  • Causes of injury / death
    Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN), Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Translation: "Mohammad Mohammad al-Tair, a member of the medical staff at Mercy Hospital in #Hazzeh #حزة was killed today when his ambulance was directly targeted by pro-govt forces."
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Translation: "The martyr Ayman Jamal al-Din, a volunteer of the Civil Defense volunteers, was killed in a double air strike by Russian warplanes that targeted ambulance teams who walked to save civilians in the town of Hazza"

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7
  • (2 children1 woman5 men1 healthcare_personnel)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–5
  • Causes of injury / death
    Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN), Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3312

Incident date

March 20, 2018

Location

عين ترما, Ein Tarma, Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

33.51602, 36.35078 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between three and seven civilians including a child were reportedly killed, and many others injured in an alleged Russian and/or Syrian regime forces airstrike on Ein Tarma, March 20th 2018, according to local media sources.

Syrian Civil Defense stated that three civilians were reportedly killed after eight raids targeted the area, with rockets carrying cluster bombs and Napalm.From their side, Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SoHR) said that “seven citizens including a child were killed in aerial shelling on areas in Ein Tarma town”.

The Local Coordination Committees of Syria (LCCSY) blamed both the Russian and the Syrian regime forces for the attack. But while Smart News Agency, MicroSyria and @tw4syria blamed the Russian forces, @Omar_Madaniah and @wateenmedia  said the Syrian regime was responsible.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 7
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–20
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The death of a child, killed in airstrikes 20th March 2018. (via SN4HR)
  • Shell remnants in the aftermath of airstrikes, 20th March 2018. (via SN4HR)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A child killed in an alleged Russian or Syrian regime forces airstrike on Ein Tarma, March 20th, 2018 (SyriaCivilDefense)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 7
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–20
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3348

Incident date

March 27, 2018

Location

التمانعة, Al Taman'a, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.457626, 36.750314 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Civilians were reported injured and/or killed in alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime forces’ airstrikes on Al Taman’ah in Idlib, Syria on March 27th, 2018 according to local sources.

According to SMART Agency, “Activists added that it is possible that Russian warplanes launched four raids on residential neighborhoods in the town of Al-Taman’ah, south of Idlib, without any civilian casualties.”

However, Sham Network mentioned that civilians were possibly injured or killed when “Russian and Syrian regime launched airstrikes on the cities and towns of Barah, Kafrnbell, Mhmbel, Alia, Nukir, Habit, Al-Taman’ah and Hass and Kafroma, causing deaths and injuries among civilians.”

While Shaam Network blamed both the Syrian regime and Russian forces, @HDHD2NEWS, @wateen_media and SMART agency blamed Russia only, and @IdlibPlus blamed the regime.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3368

Incident date

March 31, 2018

Location

مورك, Mourek, Hama, Syria

Geolocation

35.3729476, 36.6820998 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

According to a single source, the Shaam News network, “Russian warplanes carried out heavy air raids accompanied by heavy shelling and shelling on the towns and villages” including Mourek. The strikes reportedly led to an unspecified number of injuries among civilians.

Two other sources mentioned strikes by the regime and Russia, but made no mention of civilian harm.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3547

Incident date

September 1, 2018

Location

حاس, Hass, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.616349, 36.593399 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between one and three medical staff members of the Nabd Al Hayat Hospital or Sham Hospital in the town of Hass were injured in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on September 8th, 2018, according to local sources.

@BonnieKipperman reported that the Sham hospital had completely run out of service due to barrel strikes by Syrian regime helicopters, leading to the injury of two medical staff members. @ShehabAgency reported the injury of three people, whereas @StepAgency only mentioned one wounded.

The Syrian Civil Defence rushed to the location of the raids to help the injured and extinguish fires, explicitly stating that it had not recorded any fatal casualties.

Whereas several sources, such as Edlib Media Center, reported the targeted hospital was Nabd Al Hayat Hospital, others reported that Sham Hospital had been targeted. It is possible that these are names for the same hospital.

While most sources blamed the Syrian regime for the airstrikes, Step Agency blamed both the Syrian regime and Russia. Hence, this incident is graded as contested.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (27) [ collapse]

  • Damaged hospital after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via SN4HR).
  • Damaged vehicle after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Centre).
  • Hospital room after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Centre).
  • Aftermath of alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Centre).
  • Damaged hospital hallway after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstries on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Centre).
  • Damaged hospital room after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Centre).
  • Civilians in the aftermath of alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Centre).
  • The aftermath of airstrikes on Hass, 8th Sept 2018. (via Edlib Media Centre)
  • Translation: "Video: Less than 24 hours after the end of the Security Council session in Idlib Al-Assad helicopters bombed the town of Hass Hospital in the southern countryside of Idlib with explosive barrels and removed it from service 8-9-2018. This comes hours after targeting the Civil Defense Center in Khan Sheikhoun this morning" (via @HadiAlabdallah).
  • Translation: "Sham Hospital in the southern town of Hass in Idlib countryside has completely abandoned its service due to its targeting by barrel bombs by Assad's helicopters and reports of two injuries to the medical staff" (via @BonnieKipperman).
  • Rubble after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @BonnieKipperman).
  • Damaged hospital room after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @BonnieKipperman).
  • Alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @BonnieKipperman).
  • Translation: " Pictures of the "Hass town" hospital in # Idlib are out of service after being targeted by barrel bombs by regime forces, which resulted in the injury of three people" (via @ShehabAgency).
  • Damaged vehicle after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @ShehabAgency).
  • Damaged hospital room after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @ShehabAgency).
  • A Syrian Civil Defence volunteer trying to extinguish a fire after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @ShebabAgency).
  • Aftermath of alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @ShebabAgency).
  • Translation: "Helicopters of Assad's gangs bombed with barrel bombs the hospital in the town of Hass in the southern Idlib countryside, which led to his complete departure from service" (via @MMCSYR2).
  • Translation: "Shelling with explosive barrels from helicopters was exposed to a medical point on the outskirts of the town of Hass in the southern Idlib countryside, which led to the burning of the place of the shelling, immediately the civil defense went to the location of the raids, and worked to aid the injured, and put out the fires resulting from the shelling without recording human casualties" (via @SyriaCivilDefe).
  • Syrian Civil Defence volunteers aiming to extinguish a fire after alleged Syrian regime or Russian arstrikes on a hospital in Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @SyriaCivilDefe).
  • Syrian Civil Defence volunteers in the aftermath of alleged Syrian regime or Russian arstrikes on a hospital in Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @SyriaCivilDefe).
  • Syrian Civil Defence volunteers aiming to extinguish a fire after alleged Syrian regime or Russian arstrikes on a hospital in Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @SyriaCivilDefe).
  • Translation: "Sham Hospital in the town of Hass in the southern countryside of Idlib has completely abandoned its service due to its targeting by barrel bombs by Assad's helicopters and reports of two injuries to the medical staff" (via @almo3tasem91).
  • Alleged Syrian regime or Russian arstrikes on a hospital in Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via @almo3tasem91).
  • Damaged hospital after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via Ibrahinm ibrahim on Facebook).
  • Rubble after alleged Syrian regime or Russian airstrikes on Hass, September 8th, 2018 (via Ibrahinm ibrahim on Facebook).

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2563

Incident date

September 29, 2017

Location

جسر الشغور, Jisir Al-Shoghour, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.814269, 36.31994 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Smart News Agency reported that five civilians were reportedly wounded by airstrikes, likely to be Russian, on the city of Jisr Al Shoughour and its surrounding villages.

@jesrNEWS reported: “The cancellation of Friday prayers in the city of Jisr al-Shخughour and most of the villages and villages because of the fierce attack on the city and its countryside by the Russian warplanes.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3102

Incident date

February 24, 2018

Location

مديرا, Madera, Damascus , Syria

Geolocation

33.544613, 36.3861 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In this single-source event, Step News Agency reported that the Syrian regime in cooperation with Russia, continued its aerial shelling of eastern Ghouta, including in Madera.

While the report made no specific mentioning of civilian harm, it is assessed that at least two civilians were wounded as it was noted how the shelling “resulted in general injuries to the target areas.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between February 1st - 28th 2018.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3486

Incident date

June 28, 2018

Location

نوى, Nawa, Dara'a, Syria

Airwars assessment

Up to 13 civilians were reported killed and dozens including women and children critically injured in alleged Russian airstrikes on residential areas and a convoy of displaced people who were heading from Nawa to Qunaitera in Dara’a on June 28th, 2018 according to reports from local sources.

@HalabTodayTV said that Russian warplanes targeted a convoy of displaced people with many rockets, and SMART agency said the attack was executed with three raids.

The Syrian Human Rights Committee has documented the following victims’ names: Hayam Abu Ajeeb, Ali Omar Al-Aqil (child), Khalil Al-Ammarin Abu Ibrahim, Ahmed Ghazi Al-Shazly, Yasser Ahmad Al-Fashtaki and  Naseem Qasim Al-Rayes. 

Nabaamedia tweeted that “Two civilians were killed and others wounded by the bombing of Russian warplanes on residential neighborhoods in the city of Nawa, in the western Dara’a countryside.”

Umo.nawa1 posted on Facebook that “Russian aviation launched air strikes targeting residential neighborhoods in the city of Nawa, followed by artillery shelling and rocket launchers, after which three martyrs rose (three people died).”

SMART Agency said that “On Thursday, June 28th, 2018, warplanes, possibly Russian, bombed the main street in the city of Nawa in Daraa, southern Syria, one of which targeted civilians trying to move to safer areas, killing two of them, wounding dozens, including children and women, and causing extensive destruction.”

Shaam Network also said “Activists confirmed that three civilians were killed and dozens were wounded by Russian warplanes raids on the city of Nawa in the western countryside of Dara’a, as rescue teams recovered the martyrs and evacuated the wounded, after a multi-store apartment building collapsed on the heads of its residents.”

@Omar_Madaniah tweeted that “Russia’s warplanes bomb a convoy of displaced people from #Nawa West # Daraa, chasing them after escaping from the horrific battles.”

SMART Reported that “A warplane [believed to be Russian] launched three raids on the main street in the city of Nawa, one of which targeted civilians trying to move to safer areas, killing two of them and wounding dozens, including women and children, including critical cases, were taken to the city hospital.”

The highest death toll was reported by a source that told Masrawy News that “thirteen people were killed and dozens wounded, when Russian fighters bombed a convoy of displaced persons from the city of Nawa in the western countryside of Daraa as they were heading towards Qunaitera.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Wife of Nasser Al Aqeel زوجة ناصر العقيل
Adult female Might be the same as Hayam killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    6 – 13
  • (1 child1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–20
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (21) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • "Khalil al-Ammarin Abu Ibrahim and his family were killed by a Russian airstrike in the city a short time ago."

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    6 – 13
  • (1 child1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–20
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (21) [ collapse]