Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

An internally displaced Kurdish family in northern Iraq, 2016 (Maranie R. Staab)

Belligerent
Turkish Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

TS499

Incident date

April 16, 2022

Location

قرية تل طويله, Tel Tawel village, Hassakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.663086, 40.285234 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian was severely injured in alleged Turkish shelling of Tel Tawel village on April 16, 2022.

Syrian Observatory for Human Rights activists reported “the severe injury of a Christian leading to the amputation of his leg, due to artillery shelling by Turkish forces on Tel Tawel village”.

A source in the Tel Tamr Military Council told North Press that “the inhabited Assyrian village of Tel Tawil, west of the town of Tel Tamr, was hit with heavy weapons by the Turkish forces”. However, at the time of reporting, there was no information on casualties or material damage.

Various other local sources reported on the incident but did not mention civilian casualties. All of the sources that reported information blamed Turkish forces for the shelling.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (7) [ collapse]

  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Tel Tawel village on April 14, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Tel Tawel village on April 14, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Tel Tawel village on April 14, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Tel Tawel village on April 14, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Tel Tawel village on April 14, 2022. (Image posted by Ajansa Nûçeyan a Firate)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Tel Tawel village on April 14, 2022. (Image posted by @AssyrianSR)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Tel Tawel village on April 14, 2022. (Image posted by @AssyrianSR)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Tel Tawel village (قرية تل طويله), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.663086, 40.285234. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS501

Incident date

April 18, 2022

Location

خضراوي, Khadrawi village, Hassakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.918755, 40.346459 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One young girl was injured in alleged Turkish artillery shelling of the village of Khadrawi on April 18, 2022.

According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR), a little girl was injured by Turkish artillery shelling of her family’s house in Khadrawi village. SOHR added that “Turkish intensive shelling on the countryside of Tel Tamr and Abu Rasin has continued since the early morning hours of Monday, causing material damage to civilian houses” and causing a “massive exodus of civilians from the area”.

Hawar News also reported that Turkish forces bombed Khadrawi village. However, they did not mention any civilian casualties. Qamishli Media Center also identified a “minor girl” as having been injured in the artillery shelling from Turkish forces.

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the shelling to Turkey.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Khadrawi village on April 18, 2022. (Image posted by Syrian Observatory for Human Rights)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Khadrawi village on April 18, 2022. (Image posted by BasNews)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Khadrawi village on April 18, 2022. (Image posted by BasNews)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling of Khadrawi village on April 18, 2022. (Image posted by BasNews)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Khadrawi (خضراوي), the generic coordinates for which are: 36.918755, 40.346459. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS502

Incident date

April 22, 2022

Location

كوباني, Kobani, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.889165, 38.353649 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian was injured in alleged Turkish strikes on Al-Shaheed Kawa neighborhood south of the city of Kobani on April 22, 2022.

North Press Agency reported that “A shell landed on houses in the Al-Shaheed Kawa neighborhood, south of the city. As a result, Farhad Muhammad Hassan (28 years) was wounded with shrapnel in the leg and back. Farhad Muhammad Hassan said, “A shell fell at ten in the morning on our house, while we were sitting.” He added, I was hit by two shrapnel in my leg and back, and I was taken to hospital. A medical source told North-Press, “The young man’s injury is moderate, and he has been discharged from the hospital, after receiving treatment, and his health condition is currently stable.”

The New Arab reported that Turkish drones carried out strikes on the city centre of Kobani and a nearby village, injuring two people overall, including another civilian injury documented in TS502a.

Kurdistan24 quoted Rojava Media Centre, which stated that Turkey’s “bombardment of Kobani city center with howitzers, civilians were injured and shops were burned” without specifying how many civilians were injured. Kurdistan24 also quoted Hawar News Agency, which identified four “artillery shells have hit the city so far,” adding that the shells “fell on 48th Street and Kaniya Kurda neighborhood in Kobani city.”

North Press Agency listed the locations that the four shells struck as Al-Shaheed Kawa neighborhood south of the city, shops on Al-Arbaeen Street in the center of the city, Kania Kordan neighborhood and Kobani forest.

The US Embassy in Syria condemned the attack, tweeting that “We are deeply concerned by reports of shelling on Kobani and deplore any loss of civilian life. The United States calls on all parties to deescalate.”

Mazloum Abdî, the SDF General Commander, tweeted a statement: “Turkey is escalating violations of int’l covenants with guarantor countries against our regions. The targeting of Kobani, shelling of innocent civilians, & killings of administrative figures by drones are provocations that threaten security & peace & hinder anti-ISIS operations.”

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the strikes to Turkey.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Farhad Muhammad Hassan فرهاد محمد حسن
28 years old male injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • ANHA correspondent from the area reported that Turkish occupation army resumed its artillery bombardment on the center of the city of Kobani, and reprted that an artillery shell fell on a 3-storey building on the Street 48 without exploding (Hawar News)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish bombing of Kobani on April 22, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish bombing of Kobani on April 22, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Farhad Muhammad Hassan (28 years), who was injured by shrapnel in the leg in alleged Turkish strikes in Kobani. (Image posted by Ezdina)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention a strike on houses in the Al Shahid Kawa (الشهيد كاوا) neighbourhood, allegedly located in the south of the city of Kobani (كوباني). The generic coordinates for Kobani are: 36.889165, 38.353649. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS502a

Incident date

April 22, 2022

Location

شارع 48، كوباني, Street 48, Kobani, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.887005, 38.360427 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Exact location (via Airwars) level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian was injured in alleged Turkish strikes on a shop on Street 48 in the city of Kobani on April 22, 2022.

North Press Agency originally put the number of civilians injured at one “slightly injured”, identifying the victim as Muhammad Khalil Bako, the owner of a shop on Street 48 that was bombed. “Bako” told North-Press that he was sitting inside his shop with another person during the fall of the shell. He pointed out that the bombing caused significant material damage in the commercial store.

The New Arab reported that Turkish drones carried out strikes on the city centre of Kobani and a nearby village, injuring two people overall, including another civilian injury documented in TS502.

Kurdistan24 quoted Rojava Media Centre, which stated that Turkey’s “bombardment of Kobani city center with howitzers, civilians were injured and shops were burned” without specifying how many civilians were injured. Kurdistan24 also quoted Hawar News Agency, which identified four “artillery shells have hit the city so far,” adding that the shells “fell on 48th Street and Kaniya Kurda neighborhood in Kobani city.”

North Press Agency listed the locations that the four shells struck as Al-Shaheed Kawa neighborhood south of the city, shops on Al-Arbaeen Street in the center of the city, Kania Kordan neighborhood and Kobani forest.

The US Embassy in Syria condemned the attack, tweeting that “We are deeply concerned by reports of shelling on Kobani and deplore any loss of civilian life. The United States calls on all parties to deescalate.”

Mazloum Abdî, the SDF General Commander, tweeted a statement: “Turkey is escalating violations of int’l covenants with guarantor countries against our regions. The targeting of Kobani, shelling of innocent civilians, & killings of administrative figures by drones are provocations that threaten security & peace & hinder anti-ISIS operations.”

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the strikes to Turkey.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Muhammed Khalil Bako ومحمد خليل بكو
41 years old male injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • ANHA correspondent from the area reported that Turkish occupation army resumed its artillery bombardment on the center of the city of Kobani, and reprted that an artillery shell fell on a 3-storey building on the Street 48 without exploding (Hawar News)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish bombing of Kobani on April 22, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)
  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish bombing of Kobani on April 22, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Farhad Muhammad Hassan (28 years), who was injured by shrapnel in the leg in alleged Turkish strikes in Kobani. (Image posted by Ezdina)

Geolocation notes (1) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention a shop struck on Street 48 (شارع 48) in the city of Kobani (كوباني). Analyzing audio-visual material from sources, Airwars has narrowed down the location to these exact coordinates: 36.887005, 38.360427.

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  • Tagged visual evidence from sources.

    Imagery:
    Hawar News

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS503

Incident date

April 24, 2022

Location

قرية بندرخان, Bandar Khan village, Raqqa, Syria

Geolocation

36.709197, 38.696223 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least one civilian, a 16 year old, was killed and others were injured, including an elderly man, were injured in alleged Turkish strikes on Bandar Khan village on April 24, 2022.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that a civilian was killed by Turkish artillery shelling of a regime military checkpoint in Bandar Khan village.

The correspondent for Hawar News also reported that a civilian was killed, adding that “several others were wounded as a result of the Turkish occupation army and its mercenaries launched violent artillery and missile shelling”. Al Etihad Media corroborated this casualty toll, reporting that a civilian was killed and “a number of others were wounded” and Alyaum TV reported that some of the casualties “were transferred to the Jalabiya district hospital for treatment, in addition to causing significant damage to homes and property”.

Xeber24 provided the name of the civilian killed: “Hammoud Ali Osman” from the village of Khani. A local source also told Xeber24 that “many” citizens were injured, including “Mohamed Ayoub”. North Press Agency clarified that Hammoud was 16 years old and that “an elderly man was seriously injured in the village of Bir Arab and was transported to the city of Manbij.”

According to Al Etihad Media, the shelling by the Turkish military was a response to the “killing of one of its soldiers, after targeting a Turkish armored vehicle with a rocket-propelled grenade last Friday, according to a statement by the Turkish Ministry of Defense.”

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the strikes to Turkey.

The incident occured in the evening.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Bandar Khan (بندرخان), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.709197, 38.696223. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS504

Incident date

May 9, 2022

Location

منبجالمحسنلي, Mihsenli village, Manbij, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.649167, 37.883056 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least one civilian was injured in alleged Turkish shelling and/or strikes on Mihsenli village in northern Manbij on May 9, 2022.

According to Hawar News, a civilian was injured when Turkish forces shelled rural Manbij. A statement released by the Media Office of the Manbij Military Council reported that the civilian was injured in Mihsenli village in northern Manbij and he was transferred to the hospital for treatment.

Xeber24 added that Turkish forces used “heavy and medium weapons” in their attack on Mihsenli village. All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the strikes to Turkey.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Mihsenli (المحسنلي), for which the generic coordinates are:36.649167, 37.883056. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS505

Incident date

May 11, 2022

Location

كوباني, Kobani, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.891028, 38.353611 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least one man, named Akram Ostak, was killed and others were wounded in two alleged Turkish drone strikes in and near Kobani on May 11, 2022.

According to Hawar News, Turkish drones his struck two locations in Kobani – south of Kobani on the Aleppo road and in a densely populated neighborhood in the city, resulting in the death of “the national figure, “Akram Ostak“, from the people of Sharnakh state in Bakur (Northern Kurdistan), who went to Rojava in response to the general mobilization, in 2014, during ISIS attack on the city of Kobani.”

Bissan Fm added that “others” were wounded by Turkish drones in Kobani but did not specify how many people were injured or at which location they were injured. North Press Agency also identified “civilians wounded” without giving more details.

Hawar News quoted the Autonomous Administration, which issued a written statement that “a Turkish occupation UAV targeted two sites in the city center of Kobani and the Aleppo-Kobani road with two successive attacks one of them led to martyrdom “Akram Ostak” while the other was limited to material damage.”

Basnews also quoted the Autonomous Administration, who identified the victim as “Akram Ostak, 50 years old. He is a Kurdish opposition member from Turkey. He had spent 10 years in Turkish prisons and then sought refuge in Kobani.”

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights also reported that a man was killed by a Turkish drone that launched strikes on two different locations, a car on Aleppo-Ain Al-Arab (Kobani) road and a house in Ain Al-Arab.

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the drones to Turkish forces.

The incident occured in the morning.

The victims were named as:

50 years old male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Damage caused by lleged Turkish drone strikes on Kobani on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Kobani (كوباني), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.891028, 38.353611. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS506

Incident date

May 12, 2022

Location

منبج, Manbij, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.535300, 37.967900 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least two civilians, a woman and a child, were injured in alleged Turkish shelling of Manbij on May 12, 2022.

According to Hawar News, a woman and a child were injured by Turkish shelling of Manbij. Xeber24 reported a similar civilian casualty toll that a woman and a child were injured.

Al Etihad Media reported that in addition to the injuries, the bombing “caused extensive damage to dozens of homes”. Specifically, “the bombing extended from the villages of the Shirawa district, south of Afrin, to the cities of Manbij and Kobani, and the villages of Issa district, with a distance of up to 280 km, in which 40 tons of explosives were used”.

The US Embassy in Syria tweeted a statement that “we are deeply concerned by the recent cross-border attacks from Syria and Turkey and reports of indiscriminate firing on civilian areas.  We call on all parties to deescalate and support regional stability.”

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the strikes to Turkey.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • "Areas across Northern and Eastern #Syria that are being shelled heavily by #Turkey" (Image posted by @dersi4m)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Manbij (كوباني), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.535300, 37.967900. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]