Russian Military in Syria

In September 2015 Russian military forces intervened in Syria initially as part of a limited campaign against so-called Islamic State terrorists. This campaign turned into more substantive military support to Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad in his deadly fight with opposition groups, killing thousands of civilians in rebel-held areas. Operations came to an end with Assad’s fall in December 2024.

Airwars documented thousands of allegations of civilian harm from Russian strikes in Syria and produced research and reports on the conflict.

Airwars estimate of civilian deaths

4,431 – 6,522

Locally reported civilian deaths from declared or likely Russian Military actions in Syria for which the reporting was assessed by Airwars as Fair, or have been Confirmed by the Russian Military. These originate from 4,977 separate alleged incidents.

1,174 – 1,440
children likely killed
647 – 782
women likely killed
6,672
likely injured
3,500
named victims

Russian Military estimate of civilian deaths

0

Confirmed civilian deaths, from Russian Military actions in Syria, originating from 0 separate incidents of civilian harm.

civilians confirmed injured
Alleged deaths
15,841 – 25,260
Locally reported civilian deaths from Russian Military actions in Syria.
4,977 seperate alleged incidents
Confirmed or Fair
4,431 – 6,522
Civilian deaths for which the reporting was assessed by Airwars as Fair, or have been Confirmed by Russian Military
1,380 seperate alleged incidents
Weak
739 – 861
Civilian deaths for which the reporting was assessed by Airwars as Weak.
466 seperate alleged incidents
Contested
10,557 – 17,748
Civilian deaths for which the reporting is assessed by Airwars as Contested.
3,115 seperate alleged incidents
Discounted
114 – 129
Civilian deaths were Discounted by Airwars after assessment.
16 seperate alleged incidents
4942 incidents
Order results by:
Incident Date Publication Date

Incident Date

26 June 2016

Incident Code

RS0947

Location

المهدوم, Mahdum, Aleppo, Syria
Seven civilians including up to four children died in an alleged Russian airstrike on the city of Mahdoum, according to local media. The majority of sources reported the deaths of children and women. According to Aleppo24, “4 children and 3 women were killed and others injured in an air raid thought to be Russian that…

Summary

Published
26 June 2016
Infrastructure
Education
Civilians reported killed
7
Civilians reported injured
2
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident Date

26 June 2016

Incident Code

RS0946

Location

الزربة, Az Zarbah, Aleppo, Syria
Local media reported that an airstrike on the town of al-Zirba killed one civilian, and wounded several others, though it is currently unclear whether this was the work of Russia or the Syrian regime. Both Halab News Network (HNN), Thiqa News Agency and Halab news identified the victim by name, and many media, such as…

Summary

Published
26 June 2016
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
1–2
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident Date

26 June 2016

Incident Code

RS0945

Location

كفر حلب, Kafr Halab, Aleppo, Syria
According to local media, airstrikes hit the town of Kafr Halab leading to the death of one named girl and the injury of three other children. None of the sources held the Syrian regime responsible, but five known sources attributed the strike to Russia. The girl was identified by three sources: LCCSY, Halab News Network and…

Summary

Published
26 June 2016
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
3
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident Date

26 June 2016

Incident Code

RS0944

Location

بنش, Binnish, Idlib, Syria
Airstrikes killed up to two civilians including at least one child and wounded up to ten others in the city of Binish, local media said. Sources were conflicted as to whether this was the work of Russia or the Syrian regime. Most local sources reported the death of up to two children. According to The…

Summary

Published
26 June 2016
Civilians reported killed
1–2
Civilians reported injured
2–10
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident Date

25 June 2016

Incident Code

RS0941

Location

الخربة‬, Al Khirba (al A'mika), Hama, Syria
Local sources reported the deaths of up to 11 civilians, including five children, in airstrikes on the two villages of Al Khirba and Al A’lkamiya. It is contested with the Syrian Regime by one source, Arabi21, however most sources, attributed the strike to Russia. LCCSY named five of the killed civilians, including four children.

Summary

Published
25 June 2016
Civilians reported killed
5–11
Civilians reported injured
2
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident Date

25 June 2016

Incident Code

RS0940

Location

كفر حمرة, Kafr Hamra, Aleppo, Syria
According to local media, one woman was killed and up to ten other civilians were injured from an airstrike on Kafr Hamra. The majority of sources reported that the strike was Russian, however, the Blog Amin News said that it was carried out by the Syrian regime. The source also said that ‘Syrian children were…

Summary

Published
25 June 2016
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
2–10
Military Actor
Russian Military
View Incident