On March 18, 2025, a 33-year-old man, Muhammad Abdullah Muhammad Abu Subaih, was killed in an alleged Israeli airstrike and/or artillery in Khan Younis in the southern Gaza Strip.

When Airwars first published this incident on December 19, 2025, no open sources were found to suggest that Muhammad Abdullah Muhammad Abu Subaih was a militant. As such, Muhammad Abdullah Muhammad Abu Subaih was recorded as a civilian. This was in line with Airwars’ methodology which is employed across all conflicts we document, and informed by international standards regarding the ‘presumption of civilian status‘. Specifically, as outlined by the International Committee of the Red Cross, civilian status is assumed until evidence is identified to the contrary.

On July 1, 2026, a Telegram account affiliated with Hamas’ armed wing, Al-Qessam Brigades, published a tribute to Muhammad Abdullah Muhammad Abu Subaih, identifying him as a fighter. As such, Airwars updated Muhammad Abdullah Muhammad Abu Subaih’s status from civilian to militant. As Muhammad Abdullah Muhammad Abu Subaih was the only individual reportedly harmed in this incident, the strike and civilian statuses have been changed to ‘discounted’.

Where possible, the names of the victims have been matched with the Palestinian Ministry of Health (MoH) lists, which include national ID numbers. Since October 26, 2023, the MoH has released a number of lists, along with an additional list of medical professionals, which was released on September 17, 2024. Airwars is matching individuals to the first list where their name appeared. In regard to this incident, the name of the victim was matched to the eighth “Palestinian Ministry of Health List of Fatalities in Gaza”, which was released on March 24, 2025.

Muhammad was also found on the list of Shireen Monitor, an organisation that has a list of “Martyrs of Palestine” from 2023 onward, and includes thousands of names.

Muhammad’s name was on the list of casualties who arrived at the Nasser Medical Complex in Khan Younis, shared by the Beach Camp account on Facebook. It was noted that his body arrived from Khan Younis.

News of his death was also shared by at least eight family members, friends, and neighbors on social media, who posted his photos and paid tribute to him as a friend, brother, cousin, and a man of good morals and chivalry. According to these posts, he was both a son and a husband.

Six people shared pictures of him online. Muhammad was a young man with short dark hair, large brown eyes, full lips, and a wide smile. In one picture, he is at a park; in another, he is seated on a couch with a green flower in front of him; and in a third, he is smiling in a headshot.

Although the local sources did not attribute the death of Muhammad to any belligerent, his name was found on both the Ministry of Health list and on the Shireen Monitor website, which list the fatalities resulting from the Israeli action. Therefore, Airwars has graded the strike status of the incident as “likely” and the civilian harm status as “fair.”