Israeli Military in Syria & the Gaza Strip

A child uses his mobile device in the ruins of a building in Beit Lahia, Gaza Strip on May 26th 2021. © Mohamed Zaanoun

Belligerent
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

November 22, 2022

Incident Code

CS1988

LOCATION

الزر, Al Zar, Deir Ezzor, Syria

A young man was either injured or killed during a raid allegedly carried out by the Coalition and Syrian Democratic Forces in the village of al-Zar the evening/morning of November 22, 2022. According to @euphratspost, a young man named Ahmed Hussein Ali al-Qubbah was severely injured and a 13 year old named Ahmad Mahmoud al-Hilu

Summary

First published
November 22, 2022
Last updated
April 30, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground)
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0 – 1
(0–1 men)
Civilians reported injured
0–1
Cause of injury / death
Small arms and light weapons
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
Suspected target
ISIS
Named victims
1 named
Geolocation
Village
View Incident

Incident date

May 3, 2023

Incident Code

CS1992

LOCATION

قورقانيا, Qurqaniya, Idlib, Syria

A 60 year old male civilian was killed by a declared US drone strike on the outskirts of Qurqaniya just before noon on May 3, 2023. At the time of the strike, US Central Command released a statement that they had targeted a senior Al Qaeda leader without any additional details. On May 2, 2024,

Summary

First published
May 3, 2023
Last updated
May 2, 2024
Strike status
Declared strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian infrastructure
Agriculture
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Confirmed
A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
Known belligerent
US Forces
Known target
Al Qaeda
Named victims
1 named
Geolocation
Exact location (other)
Belligerents reported killed
0–1
View Incident

Incident date

June 16, 2023

Incident Code

TS604

LOCATION

مشفى تل رفعت, Tal Rifaat Hospital, Aleppo, Syria

On 16 June 2023, Tal Rifaat Hospital in the northern countryside of Aleppo was allegedly struck by a Turkish artillery strike. The Health Authority in the area reported that four civilians were injured in the strike, including one of the medical staff who works in the hospital, while other sources referred to “members” of the

Summary

First published
June 16, 2023
Last updated
August 7, 2023
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian infrastructure
Healthcare facility
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
4
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
4 named
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

July 30, 2023

Incident Code

TS618

LOCATION

قرية تل اللبن, Tal Al-Laban village, Al Hassakah, Syria

Three civilians were injured and civilian property was damaged by heavy artillery shelling in Tal Al-Laban Village in the Tal Tamr countryside of Northwestern Syria on July 30, 2023. The attack is alleged to have been carried out by Turkish military personnel. The three civilians injured were named by Hawar News as Omar Sadiq Sheikh

Summary

First published
July 30, 2023
Last updated
August 24, 2023
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
View Incident

Incident date

August 29, 2023

Incident Code

SDF0005

LOCATION

العزبة, Al Ezba, Deir Ezzor, Syria

On 29 August 2023, at least one civilian was reportedly killed by sniper fire from the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) in Al Ezba, located in the northern countryside of Deir Ezzor. According to a tweet from an activist from the local area, Saleh Al-Muhya Al-Atiq was allegedly killed by SDF snipers stationed in Al Ezba.

Summary

First published
August 29, 2023
Last updated
October 6, 2023
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery, Ground operation
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1 – 2
(1 man)
Causes of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
YPG
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 25, 2023

Incident Code

SDF00043a

LOCATION

الحوايج, Al Hawayj, Deir Ezzor, Syria

A woman, Shahnaz Ayed al-Hussein al-Sayyid Haiba, was killed allegedly by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) on September 25th, 2023 in Al Hawayj, in eastern Deir Ezzor. Local reporter Abdulmuain Aldandal claimed she was killed by shell fragments while trying to escape with her children. Another local source (@DeirEzzor24) also stated the casualty was caused by

Summary

First published
September 25, 2023
Last updated
October 16, 2023
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Ground operation
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 woman)
Causes of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
YPG
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

October 5, 2023

Incident Code

R4574

LOCATION

ادلب, a main road and a camp in Idlib outskirts, Idlib, Syria

Two men were reportedly killed, one man injured and up to more than 30 civilians were wounded after alleged Syrian regime and/or Russian and/or Iranian artillery struck the outskirts of Idlib town in Syria on Thursday, October 5th, 2023. Idlib Media Center and Revolution Radio Facebook accounts posted images of the clouds of smoke arising

Summary

First published
October 5, 2023
Last updated
February 20, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian infrastructure
IDP or refugee camp
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(2 men)
Civilians reported injured
1–31
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Syrian Regime, Russian Military, Iranian Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

December 24, 2017

Incident Code

RS2811

LOCATION

ابومحالة, Abu Mahala village in Al Hamra district, Hama, Syria

Several civilians were injured by intense aerial shelling of Abu Mahala, Hama, local media reported. All sources blamed Russia. While no reports mentioned the exact number of injured, sources merely reported that a number of civilians were left wounded. The strikes were reportedly part of a larger shelling that day. Masar Press News reported “more

Summary

First published
December 24, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

December 5, 2023

Incident Code

TS665

LOCATION

حربل, village of Harbel in the Al-Shahba area, northern countryside of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

On Tuesday, December 5, 2023, a Kurdish civilian man was seriously wounded while driving his car by an alleged drone strike by the Turkish military on the village of Harbel in the Al-Shahba area, in the northern countryside of Aleppo, Syria. According to the local sources, the attack was perpetrated with a “suicide drone”. According

Summary

First published
December 5, 2023
Last updated
April 4, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

December 30, 2017

Incident Code

RS2829

LOCATION

اللطامنة, Lataminah, Hama, Syria

High explosive missiles struck Lataminah, leaving several civilians wounded, according to local media. All sources either attributed blame to Russia, or did not identify a belligerent. Only an unspecifiied number of civilians were reported injured, but there were no reports of fatalities. According to Arab48 News, there was a “heavy bombardment with missile launchers, without

Summary

First published
December 30, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

October 18, 2023

Incident Code

R4606

LOCATION

ترمانين, Termanin, north of Idlib, Idlib, Syria

Around 9 PM on Wednesday, October 18th, 2023, three civilians, including a child, were reportedly injured as a result of an alleged artillery attack in Termanin, north of Idlib, Syria. The attack was reportedly perpetrated by the Syrian regime and/or the Russian military and/or by the Iranian military. Allegedly, the attack hit a residential neighborhood

Summary

First published
October 18, 2023
Last updated
June 28, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian infrastructure
Residential building
Civilian harm reported
No
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Causes of injury / death
Accidents related to conflict, Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Incendiary
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Iranian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

May 11, 2017

Incident Code

CS800

LOCATION

Al Sakuriyah, Raqqa, Syria

In an incident not previously tracked by Airwars, the Coalition later confirmed the injury of one civilian in an event near Raqqa. Their August 2017 civilian casualty report noted: “During a strike to crater roads used by ISIS VBIEDs, it was assessed that one civilian was injured when his vehicle entered the target area after

Summary

First published
May 11, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Confirmed
A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
Known belligerent
US-led Coalition
View Incident

Incident date

September 21, 2017

Incident Code

RS2488

LOCATION

لطمين, Latmeen, Hama, Syria

One woman  was injured in alleged Russia airstrikes against the village of Latmeen in the northern countryside of Hama, according to multiple local sources.

Summary

First published
September 21, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

January 15, 2018

Incident Code

RS2900

LOCATION

بكسريا, Baksriya, Idlib, Syria

An unspecified number of civilians were wounded in alleged Russian airstrikes on Baksriya, according to local media. Both sources blamed Russia for the raid. One source reported that no civilian casualties were found in the wreckage, however the other said there was wounded among the rubble. According to the Syrian Civil Defence twitter page “The

Summary

First published
January 15, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

February 10, 2018

Incident Code

RS3014

LOCATION

التمانعة, Taman'a, Idlib, Syria

Alleged Russian and/or Syrian regime warplanes struck the town of Taman’a, Idlib, reportedly wounding several civilians, local media reported. Sham News Network reported how “Russian and Asiad military aircraft launched dozens of air raids,” wounding civilians in multiple towns across eastern Idlib on February 10th, including Taman’a. While other sources provided similar reported, it was only Sham News

Summary

First published
February 10, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

July 21, 2018

Incident Code

RS3526

LOCATION

تسيل, Tasil, Daraa, Syria

Four civilians including a child and a woman were reported killed in alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Tasil in Dara’a on July 21st, 2018, according to local sources. The Syrian Network for Human Rights said ” At least four civilians, including a girl, were killed as Syrian/Russian regime warplanes fired missiles on

Summary

First published
July 21, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4
(1 child1 woman)
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

June 8, 2019

Incident Code

RS3776

LOCATION

Several towns in Idlib countryside, Idlib, Syria

Shaam News reported a number of alleged Russian and Syrian regime air and artillery strikes on several towns and villages in Idlib governorate on June 8th, 2019. Possibly, civilians were injured. According to Shaam News Network, “Syrian regime and Russian military aircraft and helicopter gunships conducted dozens of air raids, accompanied with heavy artillery shelling,

Summary

First published
June 8, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

March 16, 2018

Incident Code

RS3288

LOCATION

دوما, Douma, Damascus, Syria

An unspecified amount of wounded was reported in the city of Douma on March 16th, 2018. Whereas Step News reported Russian artillery shelling, Shaam News only mentioned ‘many wounded’ by ‘Russian warplanes’.

Summary

First published
March 16, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

March 20, 2018

Incident Code

RS3318

LOCATION

المليحة, Al Maliha, Damascus, Syria

The Local Coordination Committees of Syria (LCCSY) reported that one civilian was killed by alleged Russian or Syrian regime forces in the village of Al Maliha, Damascus governorate, on March 20th, 2018. Currently, further information is unavailable to Airwars.

Summary

First published
March 20, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

March 23, 2018

Incident Code

RS3329

LOCATION

زملكا, Zamalka, Damascus, Syria

An unknown number of civilians was killed or injured in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on the city of Zamalka, Damascus governorate, on March 23rd, 2018, according to local sources. The Local Coordination Committees of Syria reported that civilians were killed and wounded as the result of Russian airstrikes on the city of Zamalka.

Summary

First published
March 23, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

March 31, 2018

Incident Code

RS3375

LOCATION

الحمرا, Al Hamra, Hama, Syria

According to a single source, the Shaam News network, “Russian warplanes carried out heavy air raids accompanied by heavy shelling and shelling on the towns and villages” including Al Hamra. The strikes reportedly led to an unspecified number of injuries among civilians. @JENdKRNgtkxLE7i reported two raids on Al Hamra, but made no mention of civilian

Summary

First published
March 31, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

June 25, 2018

Incident Code

RS3455

LOCATION

الكرك الشرقي, Al Krak al Sharqi, Daraa, Syria

NOT A CIVCAS – Until more info is available.

Summary

First published
June 25, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

September 9, 2018

Incident Code

RS3553

LOCATION

كفرزيتا, Kafar Zeita, Hama, Syria

One civilian was reported killed and others including his brother injured in Kafar Zeita in Hama on September 9th, 2018 after Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes targeted the town with several barrel bombs, according to local sources. @SyriaCivilDefe identified the victim as Aref al-Hamada and tweeted “The body of the young man Aref al-Hamada was

Summary

First published
September 9, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
Named victims
2 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

April 23, 2018

Incident Code

RS3414

LOCATION

مخيم اليرموك ,الحجر الأسود , التضامن ,القدم, Al Yarmouk refugee camp , Al Hajar Al Aswad , Al Kadam and Al Tadamn, Damascus, Syria

Syrian warplanes reportedly carried out 160 air raids on Al Yarmouk refugee camp, as well as the neighborhoods of Al Hajar Al Aswad , Al Kadam and Al Tadamn. More than 40 land-to-surface missiles were launched alongside 35 bombs from helicopters, according to Douma Revolution. Syrian forces also delivered hundreds of rocket-propelled grenades. The shelling

Summary

First published
April 23, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Syrian Regime, Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

February 16, 2018

Incident Code

TS203

LOCATION

مستكو, عفرين, Mastako, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

A civilian 64-year-old was wounded followed an alleged Turkish shelling of Mastako, Afrin, according to Rumaf. The source said that the victim had many shrapnel wounds in his thighs, hands and head. The Kurdish Red Crescent also listed the victim as wounded, though it said this occurred in Shya’ and it is not known whether

Summary

First published
February 16, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

March 12, 2018

Incident Code

TS267

LOCATION

الزربة, Zerba, Aleppo, Syria

According to local media, a 21-year-old civilian was wounded followed an alleged Turkish air and or artillery strike on the village of Zerba. It was reported that his wounds were critical and that as many as four other civilians were wounded, including critical cases. Sources reported that Turkish warplanes bombed the centre of Shirawa and

Summary

First published
March 12, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
1–4
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

April 13, 2018

Incident Code

CS1743

LOCATION

Him Shanshar military installation, Homs, Syria

Three civilians were credibly reported injured as a result of British strikes on a military compound West of the city of Homs “in the early hours of Saturday”. The United States, France and the US declared that they had participated in the strikes in Damascus and Homs. In its own regular strike reports the Coalition

Summary

First published
April 13, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
3
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
View Incident

Incident date

February 24, 2018

Incident Code

RS3105

LOCATION

أوتايا, Otaya, Damascus, Syria

Russian and/or Assad-waged shelling potentially resulted in civilian harm, as the town of Otaya, eastern Ghouta, Damascus, was struck by both airstrikes, explosive barrels and artillery, local media reported. Besides from reports of airstrikes and artillery shelling, both Oday Hussein and Homam al-Hassan, reported how the town also was stuck by explosive barrels, launched from helicopters.

Summary

First published
February 24, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

June 28, 2018

Incident Code

RS3488

LOCATION

الغارية الشرقية, Al Ghariya Al Sharqiya, Daraa, Syria

At least two men were killed in alleged Russian airstrikes on the town of Al Ghariya Al Sharqiya, Dara’a governorate, on June 28th, 2018, according to local sources. Step News reported that “many were dead and wounded, including children.” Step News reported: “Many dead and wounded, including children, killed by the targeting of the town

Summary

First published
June 28, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 10
(2 children2 men)
Civilians reported injured
5–10
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
Suspected target
Unknown
Named victims
2 named
View Incident

Incident date

March 9, 2018

Incident Code

RS3216

LOCATION

مديرا, Madera, Damascus, Syria

A single source reported that both Russian and Syrian regime warplanes fired heavy air and artillery strikes on Madera, causing an unspecified number of injured civilians. According to the Shaam News Network, “Russian warplanes and the Assad helicopters launched fierce air raids accompanied by artillery bombardment and very violent missile strikes, resulting in a terrible

Summary

First published
March 9, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident