Israeli Military in Syria & the Gaza Strip

A child uses his mobile device in the ruins of a building in Beit Lahia, Gaza Strip on May 26th 2021. © Mohamed Zaanoun

Belligerent
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

September 2, 2023

Incident Code

R4553

LOCATION

سَرْمِين, Sarmin, Idlib, Syria

On the evening of September 2nd, 2023, in Sarmin, Idlib, an incident with contested responsibility— reportedly either a Syrian regime artillery attack or a Russian airstrike—killed six-month-old Yaman Munther Baydoun and injured at least three other civilians, including a child, with casualties confirmed by multiple sources including the White Helmets organization. The majority of reports on

Summary

First published
September 2, 2023
Last updated
February 7, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 child)
Civilians reported injured
3–4
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Syrian Regime, Russian Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

October 6, 2023

Incident Code

R4579

LOCATION

جفتلك حج حمود, village Jaftlik Haj Hammoud in the Jisr al-Shughur countryside, west of Idlib, Idlib, Syria

On the morning of Friday, 6th October 2023, three children belonging to one family  were injured by the bombardement allegedly carried out by the Russian military and/or Syrian regime forces in the village Jaftlik Haj Hammoud in the Jisr al-Shughur countryside, west of Idlib. A two-year old child named Amer Mustafa al-Abdo later died from

Summary

First published
October 6, 2023
Last updated
April 3, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 child)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

November 22, 2023

Incident Code

TS659

LOCATION

ناحية تربة سبيه, Terbet Sabeh, Qamishlo district, Al Hassakah, Syria

On November 22nd, 2023, two people, including a 26-year-old man named Hassan Ismail Shaheen, originally from the Girke Legki (alternative spelling Girkê legê) district, were killed and others were injured in a strike allegedly perpetrated with a Turkish drone in Terbet Sabeh in the Qamishlo district (Hassakeh Governorate, Northeastern Syria); the event was reported by

Summary

First published
November 22, 2023
Last updated
May 7, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

December 25, 2023

Incident Code

TS672

LOCATION

قرية ام الفرسان, Um Al-Fursan, Al Hassakah, Syria

On Monday, December 25th, 2023, a young woman named Aya Al-Sabaawi was killed by a bombing reportedly perpetrated by the Turkish military, while her younger cousin Thuraya Al-Sabaawi was injured in the same attack which hit a mill and a cotton warehouse in the village of Umm Al-Fursan, east of the city of Qamishlo, Syria, according to

Summary

First published
December 25, 2023
Last updated
July 5, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian infrastructure
Agriculture
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
2 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

June 15, 2019

Incident Code

RS3810

LOCATION

حصرايا, Hasraya, Hama, Syria

A single source reported “victims” in an airstrike on Hasraya, Hama, on June 15th. Another source, Shaam News, also alleges the attack, but does not make reference to any civilian casualties. Although victims are reported by Smart News in the “aerial bombardment”, no other information is known at this time with regard to how many

Summary

First published
June 15, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1–2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

March 31, 2017

Incident Code

RS2047

LOCATION

جسر الشغور, Jisr al Shoughour, Idlib, Syria

At least two civilians were injured in airstrikes against the town of Jisr al Shoughour in the the western countryside of Idlib. Neither source identified who was responsible for the airstrikes.

Summary

First published
March 31, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerent
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

March 19, 2018

Incident Code

RS3304

LOCATION

زملكا, Zamalka, Damascus, Syria

An unknown number of civilians was reportedly killed or wounded in alleged Russian and/or Syrian regime air and artillery strikes on the city of Zamalka on March 19th, 2018, according to local sources. @SYR_REV_NEWS reported “martyrs and wounded civilians as a result of warplanes raids with vacuum missiles on the cities and towns of Zamalka,

Summary

First published
March 19, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

April 11, 2018

Incident Code

R3202

LOCATION

قرية الشيخ مصطفى, Al Sheikh Mustafa, Idlib, Syria

Russian forces launched a destructive bombing campaign on the village of Sheik Mustafa, according to local sources, however no civilians were reported killed, though the Shaam News Network said there were a “number of wounded”. The Syrian Civil Defense said more than seven airstrikes fell on the town of Sheikh Mustaf and Naqir. This included

Summary

First published
April 11, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

June 10, 2018

Incident Code

RS3444

LOCATION

معرة مصرين, Ma'arat Misreen, Idlib, Syria

Civilians were possibly killed and/or injured in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes on the town of Ma’arat Misreen on June 10th, 2018, according to local sources. The Local Coordination Committees of Syria reported that there were “martyrs and wounded civilians as a result of raids by the military aircraft of the regime and Russia

Summary

First published
June 10, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

May 1, 2017

Incident Code

RS2207A

LOCATION

جبل ابو الظهور , Abo Al Zohour mountain, Idlib, Syria

In this single-source event, Smart News Agency reported that airstrikes, likely to be Russian, hit the mountain of Abu al Dhouhour in Idlib, wounding six civilians, including children and women. There is currently no further information available.

Summary

First published
May 1, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
6
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

March 31, 2018

Incident Code

RS3361

LOCATION

التمانعة, Al Taman'a, Idlib, Syria

A single source, the Shaam News Network, reported: “Russian and Regime warplanes launched dozens of very violent air raids on the cities and towns of Idlib, causing dozens of martyrs and wounded civilians…There were a number of wounded in Khan Shekhun, Mhambel, Al Naqir, Al Habit, Muka, Al Taman’a, Al  Khwain and Sefwhen in the

Summary

First published
March 31, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

April 25, 2017

Incident Code

RS2167

LOCATION

عقيربات, Akeirbat, Hama, Syria

Several civilians were wounded in an airstrike in Akeirbat, Hama, according to local sources – though it was not clear who was responsible for the strikes. Smart News Agency reported that “Russian planes launched several raids targeting Akeirbat and the surrounding area in Hama, leading to several civilian wounded.” However, the only other two known

Summary

First published
April 25, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

December 31, 2018

Incident Code

RS3569

LOCATION

بكسريا, Baksriya, Idlib, Syria

An unknown number of civilians, including a child, was injured in alleged Russian or Syrian regime artillery strikes on the town of Baksriya, Idlib governorate, on December 31st, 2018, according to local sources. @LccSy reported “civilian casualties following the shelling of a ballistic missile on the village of Baksriya, west of Jisr Al Shughour.” @ahmad_haj_bakri wrote

Summary

First published
December 31, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
(1–2 children)
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

July 8, 2019

Incident Code

RS3876

LOCATION

معرة النعمان, Ma’aret Al Nu’man, Idlib, Syria

Two civilians were reported wounded in airstrikes on Ma’aret Al Nu’man, Idlib, on July 8th. Syrian Network for Human Rights stated that “Syrian regime warplanes fired missiles on Ma’aret al Numan Stadium, partially damaging its building and fence, on July 8th.” While other sources referred to “injured civilians”, Smart News documented “two civilians wounded by

Summary

First published
July 8, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Syrian Regime, Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

February 16, 2017

Incident Code

CS496

LOCATION

near Tabaqah, Syria

Summary

First published
February 16, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Discounted
Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
View Incident

Incident date

March 13, 2019

Incident Code

RS3601

LOCATION

Khan Subul, Idlib, Syria

Local media reported that an unspecified number of civilians was wounded in alleged Russian airstrikes on Khan Subul, Idlib governorate, on March 13th, 2019. Edlib Media Center reported that “civilians were wounded by Russian airstrikes with high-explosive missiles on the town of Khan Al Sabul east of Idlib.”  Step Agency wrote that “Russian Air Force

Summary

First published
March 13, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

June 27, 2018

Incident Code

RS3476 

LOCATION

كحيل, Kahil, Daraa, Syria

At least one civilian is reported killed in alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Kahil in Dara’a on June 27th, 2018, according to local sources. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that they “documented that three were killed in bombardment by warplane on the towns of Jiza, Kahil, and al-Msifra, and the

Summary

First published
June 27, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

February 24, 2018

Incident Code

RS3107

LOCATION

حوش الضواهرة, Hawsh Al Dawahra, Damascus, Syria

An unspecified number of civilians were wounded in air and artillery strikes on Hawsh Al Dawahra, according to local media. Sources attribute the blame to both Russia and the Syrian regime. Sources claimed that explosive barrels were used on the vicinity. There are no other details at this time.

Summary

First published
February 24, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

June 29, 2018

Incident Code

RS3500

LOCATION

الغارية الشرقية, al Ghariya al Sharqiya, Daraa, Syria

Local sources reported deaths and injuries among civilians as a result of alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Al Ghariya al Sharqiya in Dara’a on June 29th, 2018. Shaam Network reported that “The Russian military and Assad aircraft and helicopter gunships launched air strikes with rockets and explosive barrels on the neighborhoods of

Summary

First published
June 29, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

May 8, 2017

Incident Code

CS785

LOCATION

كديران, Kdeiran, Raqqa, Syria

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that “warplanes believed to belong to the International Coalition bombed places in the Kdieran area which is located in the western countryside of al-Raqqa. There is information about casualties and damage to the property of the citizens.” Both Qasioun and Sohaib_heskayi reported the Coalition “destroyed the Al-Hamdawi mosque”

Summary

First published
May 8, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
0
Civilians reported injured
1
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
View Incident

Incident date

June 3, 2017

Incident Code

CS914

LOCATION

near Al-Jisr Al Jadeed, Syria, Raqqa, Syria

In an incident not previously tracked by Airwars, on September 29th 2017 the Coalition said it had concluded an assessment on claims of civilian harm “near Raqqah, Syria”. According to the Coalition report, “45. June 3, 2017, near Al-Jisr Al Jadeed, Syria, via regional humanitarian organisation. After a review of available information it was assessed

Summary

First published
June 3, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Discounted
Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
View Incident

Incident date

August 14, 2019

Incident Code

RS4029

LOCATION

الشيخ دامس, Al Sheikh Damas, Idlib, Syria

Syria Civil Defense reported the “martyrdom of a civilian and wounding three others, as a result of the targeting of Khan Sheikhoun, Sheikh Dams and the town of Kafr Sijana, Russian warplanes, helicopters and rocket launchers, our teams were there with civilians.” Step News reported Syrian regime and Russian military activity in the area among

Summary

First published
August 14, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1–2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

June 8, 2017

Incident Code

CS946

LOCATION

near Dariya, Raqqah, Syria, Raqqa, Syria

In an incident not previously tracked by Airwars, on January 25th the Coalition said it had concluded an assessment on claims of civilian harm “near Dar’iya, Raqqah” via an “international organization report”. According to the Coalition report, “69. June 8, 2017 near Dari’ya, Raqqah, Syria via international organization report. After a review of available information,

Summary

First published
June 8, 2017
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Discounted
Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
Suspected belligerent
US-led Coalition
View Incident

Incident date

April 1, 2018

Incident Code

RS3380

LOCATION

جسر الشغور, Jisr Al Shougur, Idlib, Syria

Several missiles fell on the city of Jisr Al Shougur in Idlib province, wounding two civilians, according to Smart News. The news agency attributed the strike to Russian forces, however, Idlib24 reported said Syrian planes were also involved.

Summary

First published
April 1, 2018
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

October 9, 2019

Incident Code

YS032

LOCATION

مارع, Mare’, Aleppo, Syria

An unknown number of civilians were reportedly wounded after alleged YPG artillery strikes on the opposition-held city of Mare’ in the countryside of Aleppo. @shamelnews tweeted that the strike injured civilians, but it remains unclear how many. @so_ria98 also tweeted that civilian casualties had been reported after strikes from the “nearby headquarters of the Kurdish

Summary

First published
October 9, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerents
Syrian Democratic Forces, YPG
View Incident

Incident date

October 12, 2019

Incident Code

TS328

LOCATION

راس العين, Ras al Ain, Al Hassakah, Syria

A woman was wounded in alleged Turkish shelling of Ras al Ain. No further details are currently available.

Summary

First published
October 12, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Single source claim
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

May 23, 2019

Incident Code

RS3706

LOCATION

معرة حرمة , Maarat Harma, Idlib, Syria

Idlib Plus tweeted: “A video showing the moment the shelling of houses of civilians on the outskirts of the town of Maara Harema in a Russian  air raid.” Also @MasarPressNet  tweeted “Civilian casualties as a result of airstrikes on the towns of Ma’arat Harma and Kafr Sujnah in the southern countryside.” More details to follow.

Summary

First published
May 23, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
No
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Suspected belligerents
Russian Military, Syrian Regime
View Incident

Incident date

October 17, 2019

Incident Code

RS4106

LOCATION

Rakaya, Naqir and Kafr Sanja, Idlib, Syria

Alleged Russian warplanes carried out air raids on the towns of Rakaya, Naqir and Kafr Sanja, Idlib governorate on October 17th 2019, as reported by Shaam Network. Shaam Network mentioned ‘a number of civilian casualties’. According to Syriahr, there is currently no more information on civilian casualties available.

Summary

First published
October 17, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
Civilians reported injured
2
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident

Incident date

October 20, 2019

Incident Code

YS058

LOCATION

راس العين, Ras Al Ayn, Al Hassakah, Syria

According to local sources in Ras Al Ayn, Syria, on October 20th, 2019, the SDF executed seven civilians in the northern countryside of al-Hasakah on charges of collaborating with Operation Spring  forces. The victims included three men from the same family. Local sources identified three of the victims as Muhamad Ali Al Khalaf, Ismail Ali

Summary

First published
October 20, 2019
Last updated
August 31, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
7
(3 men)
Cause of injury / death
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
YPG
Named victims
3 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

October 31, 2019

Incident Code

RS4123

LOCATION

الفطيرة, Al Fatira, Idlib, Syria

One to two civilians died and two to three were wounded in an alleged Russian airstrike on Fatira in Idlib, according to sources on the ground. @mohmad_rasheed reported “a martyr and three civilians were wounded as a result of the Russian warplanes bombing the town of Al-Fatira.” @NEDAAPOST also tweeted that one civilian was killed and

Summary

First published
October 31, 2019
Last updated
January 18, 2022
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1 – 2
Civilians reported injured
2–3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Russian Military
View Incident