Israel and Gaza (from 2023)

Following the Hamas-led assault into southern Israel on October 7th 2023, the Israeli military began a major bombing campaign and later ground invasion of Gaza. The resultant ongoing war has seen large-scale destruction and loss of life.

Airwars has documented allegations of civilian harm from Israeli actions since October 2023, and has produced a number of major investigations and research outputs on the allegations and harm.

More details on our methodology page.

Incidents
1343 incidents
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Incident DatePublication Date

Incident Date

4 December 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1480

Location

الترنس، معسكر جباليا, Trans area, Jabalia Refugee Camp, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
On 4th December 2023, four people were killed and two others were injured by an alleged Israeli strike on the market area/Trans area in Block 6 of Jabalia Refugee Camp in Northern Gaza. 66-year-old Saeed Yousef Ramadan al-Kahlout (Abu Yousef) and his grandchildren 26-year-old Ismail Mohammed Ismail al-Kahlout and 13-year-old Malak Ahmed Mohammed al-Kahlout, as…

Summary

Published
4 July 2025
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Commerce (Market), IDP or Refugee Camp
Civilians reported killed
4
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
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Incident Date

4 December 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1478

Location

منزل أبو عبيد في بلوك, Abu Obaid house in Block 5, Jabalia camp, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
Before 5:13 on December 4th 2023, an Israeli aircraft allegedly bombed the homes of Palestinian civilians in Northern Gaza’s Jabalia Refugee Camp, reportedly hitting Abu Obaid’s house in Block 5. While the sources reporting the incident did not mention any deaths, they pointed out that a “number of citizens were still under the rubble”, adding…

Summary

Published
6 September 2025
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential, IDP or Refugee Camp
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

4 December 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1467

Location

منطقة أبو زيتون، مخيم جباليا, Abu Zeitoun area, Jabalia Refugee Camp, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
An unknown number of civilians were reported injured in shelling that took place in shelter centers in the Abu Zeitoun area of Jabalia Refugee Camp, North Gaza on December 4, 2023. News agencies including Shehab Agency and Al-Arabiya Palestine reported “violent and successive bombardments” and “heavy shelling” in the area in which civilians were sheltering.…

Summary

Published
2 July 2025
Strike Type
Artillery
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
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Incident Date

4 December 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1480c

Location

مدرسة خليفة بن زايد في بيت لاهيا, Khalifa Bin Zaid School, Beit Lahia, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
On Monday, 4 December 2023, at least one child was reportedly killed and others were wounded, including children, in an alleged Israeli airstrike that struck the Khalifa Bin Zaid School in Beit Lahia in the north governorate of the Gaza Strip. The Khalifa Bin Zaid school housed displaced people at the time of the strike.…

Summary

Published
24 December 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Education
Civilians reported killed
2–3
Civilians reported injured
3–12
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
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Incident Date

4 December 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1460

Location

قرب مقبرة الفلوجة القصبي مخيم جباليا, Vicinity of Al-Fallujah cemetery, Al-Qassabi neighbourhood, Jabalia Refugee Camp, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
At least 53 civilians, including 17 women and 20 children, were killed and at least six others, including at least one child, were injured by alleged Israeli airstrikes on the family home of the Al-Sharafi family in the Al-Qassabi neighbourhood of Jabalia Refugee Camp the morning of December 4, 2023. Ahmed Alshrafi (Al-Sharafi) posted an…

Summary

Published
10 January 2025
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp, Residential
Civilians reported killed
53–56
Civilians reported injured
6
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

4 December 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1474

Location

جباليا البلد, Jabalia al-Balad, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
Just before 8:12 PM on December 4, 2023, a number of homes in Jabalia al-Balad, north of the Gaza Strip, were struck by an alleged Israeli airstrike and/or artillery strike, resulting in more than 15 reported fatalities among civilians and multiple injuries, most of them from the Asaliya family. Reports of the incident spread across…

Summary

Published
4 July 2025
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
16–21
Civilians reported injured
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident