Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

Turkey fought numerous military actors after intervening militarily in the Syrian Civil War in 2015, primarily against Kurdish forces but also at times the Islamic State. In northern Iraq, Turkey’s military campaign against Kurdish militant groups has expanded in recent years.

Airwars has documented hundreds of allegations of civilian harm by Turkish strikes against Kurdish-affiliated forces in Iraq and Syria since 2015.

Airwars estimate of civilian deaths

1,010 – 1,494

Locally reported civilian deaths from declared or likely Turkish Military actions in Iraq and Syria for which the reporting was assessed by Airwars as Fair, or have been Confirmed by the Turkish Military. These originate from 977 separate alleged incidents.

215 – 242
children likely killed
149 – 169
women likely killed
2,435
likely injured
2,225
named victims

Turkish Military estimate of civilian deaths

0

Confirmed civilian deaths, from Turkish Military actions in Iraq and Syria, originating from 0 separate incidents of civilian harm.

civilians confirmed injured
Alleged deaths
1,755 – 2,492
Locally reported civilian deaths from Turkish Military actions in Iraq and Syria.
977 seperate alleged incidents
Confirmed or Fair
1,010 – 1,494
Civilian deaths for which the reporting was assessed by Airwars as Fair, or have been Confirmed by Turkish Military
729 seperate alleged incidents
Weak
116 – 134
Civilian deaths for which the reporting was assessed by Airwars as Weak.
164 seperate alleged incidents
Contested
328 – 563
Civilian deaths for which the reporting is assessed by Airwars as Contested.
82 seperate alleged incidents
Discounted
301
Civilian deaths were Discounted by Airwars after assessment.
2 seperate alleged incidents
967 incidents
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Incident Date Publication Date

Incident Date

26 June 2025

Incident Code

IRIS250616b

Location

The Bazan Group oil refinery complex, HaHistadrut Ave, Haifa, Haifa, Syria
שדרות ההסתדרות, חיפה, حيفا
Three Bazan oil refinery employees were reportedly killed, and a number of employees were injured after an alleged Iranian missile struck the oil refinery located in Haifa bay, Israel, shortly after 4 a.m. on June 16, 2025. The cause of death for all three men was suffocation, as well as the extreme heat from the…

Summary

Published
7 May 2026
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Incident Date

26 February 2025

Incident Code

TS793

Location

طريق الخرافي, Deir Ezzor, Syria
Al-Kharafi Road
At 3 p.m. on Wednesday, February 26, 2025, two shepherds were killed in an alleged Turkish drone strike on their vehicle on Al-Kharafi Road connecting the cities of Deir Ezzor and Al-Hasakah in the northeastern Syria. The media center of the Syrian Democratic Forces published a statement, where it indicated that "in a new Turkish…

Summary

Published
22 January 2026
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Incident Date

24 March 2025

Incident Code

TS797

Location

Khirbet Jamous, Al-Hasakah, Syria
خربة جاموس
A 30-year-old man with the family name Al-Zaidat was killed by an alleged Turkish drone on the afternoon of Monday, March 24, 2025, while riding his motorcycle on the outskirts of the village of Khirbet Jamous, in the countryside of Al-Hasakah, northeastern Syria. Most sources described Al-Zaidat as a civilian. Euphrates Post reported that he…

Summary

Published
24 November 2025
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Incident Date

16–17 March, 2025

Incident Code

TS796

Location

Vicinity of Qamji and Barkh Botan, Aleppo, Syria
بالقرب قومجي أند برخ بوطان
On the night between Sunday, the 16th, and Monday, the 17th, March 2025, 10 civilian members of one family, including seven children, were killed and up to two were injured by an alleged Turkish airstrike and/or drone attack. According to reports by Hawar News and SOHR, the massacre occurred on a farm between the villages…

Summary

Published
24 November 2025
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Incident Date

10 March 2025

Incident Code

TS795

Location

Sarrin Subdistrict, Aleppo, Syria
ناحية صرين
On Monday, 10 March 2025, a Turkish drone allegedly struck the village of Karaf (also referred to as Jarraf), in the Sarrin area south of Kobani in the Aleppo countryside of Syria, killing one child and injuring two brothers, both minors. Multiple local outlets, including Hawar News, ANF, Ronahi TV, SOHR, VDC, and Jinha Agency,…

Summary

Published
24 November 2025
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Incident Date

2 March 2025

Incident Code

TS794

Location

Malha, Aleppo, Syria
قرية ملحة
On Sunday, March 2nd, 2025, a civilian was injured as a result of shelling that was allegedly carried out by the Turkish military. The incident took place in the village of Malha, which is located in the countryside of Sarrin in the Euphrates canton of Syria. At the time of writing, Hawar News, Ronahi TV…

Summary

Published
24 November 2025
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