Citations Israel and Gaza Policy Citation

Report of the Independent Task Force on the Application of National Security Memorandum-20 to Israel

In April 2024, the Independent Task Force on the Application of National Security Memorandum-20 to Israel submitted an extensive report to US President Biden detailing a set of cases which it believed presented “compelling and credible evidence of violations of international humanitarian law and/or U.S. military best practices by the Israel Defense Forces”.

The group included former US officials, experts in international law and former US military personnel.

Airwars was cited throughout the document, both in sections pointing to areas where the IDF were not adhering to best practice and where the IDF likely committed violations of international law.

References 15 incidents

Incident Date

9 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0044

Location

محيط إحدى مدارس الأونروا, market in the center of Jabalia camp, a residential building at the intersection of Al-Ternis Street, vicinity of an UNWRA-led school, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
Between 10:30 and 11:30 a.m. on Monday, October 9, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike on a market and a residential building located at the intersection of Al-Ternis Street in the middle of Jabalia refugee camp resulted in between 68 and 73 civilians killed, including at least 21 children and seven women, and "hundreds" of wounded.…

Summary

Published
8 October 2023
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Commerce (Shop, Market), IDP or Refugee Camp, Residential, Vehicle (Car), Education
Civilians reported killed
68–73
Civilians reported injured
100–200
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

12 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0135

Location

شارع العودة, Al Awda Street, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
On the afternoon of October 12th 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike hit several houses in Jabalia in northern Gaza, killing between 55 and 63 civilians, including up to 24 children, and injuring at least six others, including a child. One Islamic Jihad leader was also reportedly killed, and many of the other individuals killed in…

Summary

Published
1 December 2023
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
55–63
Civilians reported injured
6
Military actors reported killed
1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

14 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0194

Location

مدرسة الفاخورة, Vicinity of al Fakhoura School, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
During the evening of Saturday, October 14th, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike on the Al-Herbawi family home and the homes adjacent to it in the Al-Fakhoura neighborhood west of Jabalia refugee camp in the northern Gaza Strip reportedly killed at least 34 civilians belonging to at least five different families, including at least 12 women…

Summary

Published
1 February 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
34
Civilians reported injured
80–101
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

14 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0241a

Location

محافظة دير البلح, Deir Al Balah, Deir Al Balah, Palestinian territories
At least 38 people were killed, including 17 children and 12 women, and at least four others were injured, including three children and a woman, after an alleged Israeli airstrike on a home on Abu Arif Street in the Deir Al Balah region of Gaza on the afternoon of October 14th, 2023. Most of those…

Summary

Published
1 February 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
38
Civilians reported injured
4
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

14 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0195

Location

مخيم الشاطئ, Al Shati Camp, Gaza, Palestinian territories
At least 18 people were killed and 100 others were wounded in an alleged Israeli airstrike on Hamid Street, in the al-Shati camp of the Gaza Strip on October 14th, 2023. Many of the victims were members of the al-Ghoul family. The al-Ghoul family lost 11 relatives in the bombing. Hatem Jumaa al-Ghoul (51) was…

Summary

Published
1 January 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
18–28
Civilians reported injured
100
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

17 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0283

Location

مخيم خان يونس, Khan Younis refugee camp, Khan Younis, Palestinian territories
At 4:30 am on Tuesday, October 17, 2023, between 15 and 40 civilians were killed and dozens more were injured in an alleged Israeli airstrike that hit the al-Lamdani family house in the Khan Yunis refugee camp in the Gaza Strip. Facebook posts by family members reported the names of the civilians that were killed:…

Summary

Published
1 February 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
15–41
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

17 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0286

Location

بطن السمين, Batn al Sameen, Khan Younis, Palestinian territories
At dawn on Tuesday, October 17th, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike hit a five-storey residential building, where at least nine families reportedly lived. At least seven members of the Zorob family along with at least 18 other civilians were killed, while at least four civilians were injured - including children. The house was said to…

Summary

Published
1 February 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
24–31
Civilians reported injured
4
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

17 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0297

Location

مدرسة المغازي الاعدادية للبنين, Al Maghazi Preparatory School for Boys, Deir Al Balah, Palestinian territories
During the afternoon of Tuesday, 17th of October, 2023, at least ten civilians were killed and dozens were injured in an alleged Israeli airstrike on an UNRWA school located in the al-Maghazi refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip where 4,000 people were taking refuge. However, the death toll may be significantly higher as Twitter/X…

Summary

Published
1 February 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Education
Civilians reported killed
10–24
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

18 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0318

Location

جوار مستشفى الشفاء, Vicinity of the al Shifa Hospital, Gaza, Palestinian territories
Around 11:15 in the morning of Wednesday, 18th October 2023, Israeli forces allegedly conducted an airstrike on the Haboush family home located behind al-Shifa medical hospital near the Gaza port, in the north of the Gaza Strip, killing at least 32 identified members of the extended Haboush family, including at least nine women and at…

Summary

Published
1 February 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
32–40
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

18 October 2023–19 October 2024

Incident Code

ISPT0329

Location

الشيخ عجلين, Sheikh Ajleen, Gaza, Palestinian territories
Between 30 and 42 people, from a three month old to a 77 year old, were killed and a large number were injured when the home of the Saqa Allah family was reportedly bombed in what was reported to be a "double tap" Israeli airstrike during the night of Wednesday, October 18th 2023. The home…

Summary

Published
1 February 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
30–42
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

18 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0315

Location

جباليا, Jabalia, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
In the early morning hours of Wednesday, October 18th, 2023, at least 40 identified civilians, including 11 members of the al-Ashqar family and eight members of the al-Wardeh family, were killed in an alleged Israeli airstrike on the two houses in Jabalia al-Badad in the Northern Gaza Strip. Among the victims killed in the airstrike…

Summary

Published
1 February 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
40
Civilians reported injured
3
Military actors reported killed
1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

31 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0784

Location

برج المهندسين, al Muhandeseen Tower, Deir al Balah, Palestinian territories
On October 31st 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike on the multistorey Al-Muhandeseen Tower (the 'Engineers Tower') located east of Nuseirat Camp, Central Gaza, killed between 133 and 164 civilians, including a likely estimate of 67 children. Airwars was able to identify 133 civilians belonging to 14 different families, including 131 individuals where gender and ages…

Summary

Published
1 March 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Civilians reported killed
133–164
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

31 October 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0783

Location

مخيم جباليا, Jabalia camp, North Gaza, Palestinian territories
On October 31, 2023 confirmed Israeli strikes on the densely populated Jabalia refugee camp killed at least 126 civilians, including 68 children. A further 280 civilians were reported injured by the director of the nearby Indonesian Hospital. A second strike hit the same location the following day, though the full casualty assessment for that incident…

Summary

Published
1 November 2023
Strike Type
Airstrike
Civilians reported killed
126–143
Civilians reported injured
280
Military actors reported killed
12–24
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

5 December 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1483

Location

شارع ابو حسني, Abu Hosni Street, Gaza, Palestinian territories
On Tuesday, December 5th, 2023, an Israeli aircraft allegedly bombed the Abu Musabbeh family home containing a bakery located on Abu Hosni Street, in Deir Al Balah, central Gaza Strip, reportedly flattening it to the ground. According to publicly available accounts, this resulted in the deaths of at least 30 and up to more than…

Summary

Published
1 February 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
30–51
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident Date

11 December 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1669

Location

الشيخ رضوان, Sheik Radwan, Gaza, Palestinian territories
Shortly before 7:43 AM on Monday, December 11th 2023, a series of alleged Israeli airstrikes hit six homes belonging to the extended Salem family in Sheikh Radwan, killing at least 102 civilians. Airwars was able to identify 104 named victims (102 fatalities, and two others injured), though some local reports put the death toll at…

Summary

Published
1 March 2024
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilians reported killed
102–200
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
Israeli Military
View Incident