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Airwars Assessment
Just before 2 p.m. on 1 March 2026, nine people, including four children, were reported killed and as many as 65 injured by an alleged Iranian missile strike on the Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue in the town of Beit Shemesh, Israel. Several of the victims were reportedly on their way to – or inside – a bomb shelter attached to the synagogue at the time of their death.
Those killed were identified as 76-year-old Bruria Cohen and 41-year-old Yossi Cohen, mother and son, while Penina Cohen, Yossi’s wife, was injured along with her thirteen-year old son (name unknown) who was meant to be celebrating his bar mitzvah the following week. Mother and daughter Sara Elimelech (67) and Ronit Elimelech (45) were also killed, as was 46-year-old Oren Katz.
Siblings Yaakov Biton (16), Avigail Biton (15), and Sarah Biton (13) were also killed. AP quoted Tamar, the mother of Yaakov, Avigail and Sarah as explaining that “Yaakov, a natural-born leader and orator, studied at the Jewish seminary her husband ran and was known for bringing friends closer to Jewish observance. Avigail was smart, sensitive and thoughtful, and Sarah was a whirlwind of activity always helping around the house and the community.” Yaakov Biton was planning to celebrate his birthday on the day that he was killed. Both he and his friend, 16-year-old Gavriel Ravach, were killed; they had attended a class on Jewish religious texts taught by Yaakov’s father only that morning. Gavriel’s family subsequently donated to the reconstruction of the synagogue.
Rabbi Yitzhak Biton, the children’s father, recounted the moment of the strike. He had decided to stay in the family’s home when sirens sounded, but the children had decided to go to a shelter under a nearby synagogue. While Yaakov was found inside, “it’s unclear whether Avigail and Sarah were able to make it in time.” The impact of the blast collapsed the synagogue over the shelter. Initially, Tamar was sure her children would be alive. Though she could see the aftermath of the strike – fire and rubble over the shelter – she was “sure they [the emergency services] would be able to rescue them from underneath the rubble.” When it became clear the children had not survived, Tamar prayed, “Please let something be left of them.” She wondered to her husband whether even that was impossible, asking him “do you think it’s just ash and that’s why they can’t identify them?” Yitzhak tried to search the rubble for his children: “They started taking out bodies, and I kept saying, ‘Where are my children? Where are my children?’ When they came and asked for a DNA sample, I knew the answer.” To Amnesty International, Yitzhak said: “The ceiling and the roof [of the Biton house] collapsed… I looked through the window, and I saw the area where the synagogue was. It was on fire, and there was very black smoke in the sky. I was afraid to go… After I worked up the courage to go, I saw the synagogue was completely destroyed, and the [bomb] shelter was split open. The shelter wasn’t safe. It did not provide protection. I lost not one, not two, but three children… One day, out of the blue, half of the family is gone.” He hopes to open a Jewish seminary in the children’s honour.
53-year-old Sarah Fanny Amar was also in the shelter when the missile struck and was injured. “There was a big boom… I was hanging from metal, and metal was on top of me. Before the boom I was sitting, so the shockwave had thrown me. Around me everything was black and dust… The ceiling collapsed on top of me… I started walking, but I could barely see anything, and I was feeling my way with my hands. I was walking on top of ruins and people… Outside, there was fire… Cars were burning… I got to the grass, and that’s where I collapsed. I opened my eyes in an ambulance. With these bombs, you’re left with no desire to live, to sleep, to eat… I can’t live like this… Even in the shelter you are not safe… I knew everyone who was killed.”
71-year-old Nissim Edery was thrown 4-5m from the blast wave. Nissim recalled: “I realized it was a missile that hit our area… I walked toward the explosion, and there was a huge fire and smoke… It was unbelievable to see what destruction this missile made. I know three of the victims, a brother and his two sisters. It tore my heart… We are all in despair. We are broken.”
Sources differed with regards to the number of injured. The Associated Press put the number at 65, of whom two were seriously wounded. Amnesty International estimated that 46 people had been injured, and Haaretz placed the number of injured at 60. News service Ynet news reported that “Magen David Adom emergency service said 24 people were wounded in the strike, including two in critical condition and two in serious condition. One person was listed in moderate condition and 14 were lightly wounded.” This source reported multiple children were among the injured, including a 10-year-old girl, who was critically injured.
Sources, however, agreed on the number of people killed in the strike. The Associated Press reported that nine people had been killed. The official website of President Isaac Herzog reported that he visited the site of the strike the day after and repeated the death toll of nine. Later, Israel National News reported that two of the nine people killed were inside the shelter at the time of their deaths, one was standing in the entrance, and six were outside of it.
Images of the deceased were shared by the Times of Israel. A photograph of the Biton siblings shows a smiling Yaakov; Avigail (left) and Sarah (right), stand in front of him, wearing matching dresses. In a photo collage also shared by the Times, Sara is shown on the top left, smiling with short hair. Clockwise, Ronit is next to her, blonde with glasses; Gavriel is next to her, with brown hair; a photo of Bruria completes the upper row. Underneath Bruria is her son, Yossi; to his left is Oren Katz; the remaining three photographs are of the Biton siblings. Another photograph of Gavriel was posted by source Chilean Israel – he is smiling, wearing a blue shirt and tie, and white kippah.
A graphic video posted by Telegram account @wfwitness shows emergency workers carrying a small child whose face has been bloodied. Another post by @wfwitness quoted Magen David Adom (MDA) medic Tzvi David: “When we arrived, we saw houses with extensive damage, collapsed trees and all the windows in the area shattered. A woman in her 60’s was trapped under a piece of concrete and called for help. Together with other MDA volunteers, we lifted the piece and extricated her to a mobile intensive care unit. Later, civilians signalled to us that three children were trapped in a closed room. Together with firefighting forces, we rescued them and provided medical treatment.” Yehuda Shlome, also a MDA paramedic, had assisted a woman “about 30 […] with significant limb injuries.” 56-year-old Reuven Harow, a senior medic for MDA, arrived minutes after the strike. He recalled the chaos to Amnesty International: “People were coming out all bloodied and bruised… No one knew where the missile strike was – there was damage everywhere… Bodies were blown apart… There were body parts lying around for hours after. The focus was on saving anyone who was alive… The people who were giving treatment at the scene – they were treating family and family friends they had known for years. Everyone knows everyone here… What I kept saying over and over is ‘This isn’t real’… It looked like I was watching a movie.”
Multiple sources also reported that the strike completely destroyed the synagogue and caused extensive damage to the neighbourhood surrounding the synagogue. Ynet news reported that eight houses were “almost completely destroyed.” Telegram account @wfwitness reported that a resident stated “The entire public shelter was destroyed. Everything here is damaged. They said there were no warnings, but there were; after all, everyone entered the shelter. An entire street was hit here; eight houses were lost.” Aerial footage posted by @wfwitness shows extensive damage to several nearby buildings. Amnesty International Canada reported that the damage extended to a 500m radius. The official website of the President of Israel detailed that the missile “completely annihilated” the synagogue and “entered into the shelter.”
A photograph posted by x.com user @manniefabian shows a large number of emergency services and military personnel, along with a crowd of civilians, gathered around a site where a building appears to have been entirely destroyed, with another multi-storey building in the background appearing damaged.
Telegram account WarFront Witness posted several videos of the site, one claiming to show the moment of the strike, in which a missile can be seen making landfall in daylight, followed by several videos of emergency services personnel attending the scene in what appears to be the immediate aftermath. In one of these videos, damage is evident to multiple surrounding buildings, including several houses and one multi-storey building.
Amnesty International Canada wrote about the attack on their website, stating that “it must be investigated as a war crime,” as the closest legitimate military target was a military base near the town of Sdot Micha, 3.5km to the west of the site.
Amnesty International, AP, and Time attributed this attack to the Iranian military, and Amnesty claimed that their analysis indicated that an Iranian ballistic missile was used in the attack. As such, this strike has been graded a “Likely strike.” As multiple sources report civilian casualties, this strike has been graded “Fair.”
Victims
Family members (4)
Family members (2)
Family members (3)
Individuals
Geolocation Notes
Reports of the incident mention the Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue (בית הכנסת תפארת ישראל), Ramat Lehi neighbourhood (רמת לח”י), in the city of Beit Shemesh (בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ). Analysing audio-visual material from sources, we have narrowed the location down to the following exact coordinates: 31.747775, 34.981207.

Imagery: ishaycoe