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Civilian Casualty Archive
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Country
Iraq (2)
Libya (13)
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Somalia (434)
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✕
Reported perpetrator (military, militant group, coalition, etc.)
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Military Actor
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Unknown (0)
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✕
The method of military action or operation type
Strike Type
Strike Type
Airstrike (418)
Drone Strike (117)
Airstrike and/or Artillery (5)
Artillery (1)
Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground) (52)
Ground operation (15)
Naval bombardment (0)
Unknown (0)
Reported source(s) of harm
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Causes of Death / Injury
Accidents related to conflict (1)
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions (397)
Planted explosives and unexploded ordnance (UXO) (2)
Small arms and light weapons (39)
Unknown (28)
Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) (0)
Denial of access to/destruction of objects indispensable to survival (0)
Electromagnetic weapons (0)
Incendiary (0)
Run over by vehicle (0)
Use of objects and other means (0)
Grade indicating the degree to which sources reported the same belligerent(s)
Strike Status
Strike Status
Contested strike (71)
Declared strike (302)
Likely strike (21)
Single source claim (40)
Grade indicating the strength of available reporting on civilian harm
Civilian Harm Status
Civilian Harm Status
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Statements released by the perpetrator on their military action(s) and the resulting civilian harm if acknowledged
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Belligerent Assessment
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Open incident (3)
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People killed or injured, by demographic
Casualty
Casualty
Children (40)
Men (44)
Women (37)
Type of affected facility or location
Infrastructure
Infrastructure
Agriculture (3)
Agricultural Land (0)
Livestock (1)
Equipment / Machinery (0)
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House (0)
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Resources (1)
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Road (0)
Airport (0)
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Raw Material (0)
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Military (0)
Water (0)
Well (0)
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Search
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Incident Date
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Publication Date
434 incidents
Incident Date
8 June 2018
Incident Code
USSOM133
Location
Baar, Lower Juba, Somalia
An American Special Forces soldier was killed - later named as Staff Sergeant Alexander Conrad - and four others were wounded in an attack by al Shabaab fighters in Jubaland. A member of a partner force was also killed or injured. The US soldiers were among a large force of 800 Somali and Kenyan soldiers…
Summary
Published
8 June 2018
Strike Type
Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground)
Causes of Death / Injury
Small arms and light weapons
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
3 June 2018
Incident Code
USSOM132
Location
24 miles southwest of Bosaso, Bari, Somalia
US Africa Command told the Bureau of Investigative Journalism (BIJ) in July 2018 that it had carried out two strikes in early June - one previously undisclosed. The second took place on June 3rd, and targeted members of al Shabaab approximately 24 miles southwest of Bosasso, according to AFRICOM. "We currently assess no terrorists and…
Summary
Published
3 June 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
2 June 2018
Incident Code
USSOM131
Location
Galgala mountains, 26 miles southwest of Bosaso, Bari, Somalia
On June 4th 2018, AFRICOM reported that it had "conducted an airstrike targeting al-Shabaab militants approximately 26 miles southwest of Bosasso, Somalia, on June 2". It added: "We currently assess no civilians were injured or killed in this airstrike." However, AFRICOM claimed that the airstrike killed "twenty-seven (27) terrorists." As Voice of America noted, "Saturday’s airstrike…
Summary
Published
2 June 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
31 May 2018
Incident Code
USSOM129
Location
30 miles southwest of Mogadishu, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
AFRICOM reported on the same day that it had "conducted an airstrike targeting al-Shabaab militants approximately 30 miles southwest of Mogadishu, Somalia, on May 31". It added: "We currently assess no civilians were injured or killed in this airstrike." However, AFRICOM claimed that the airstrike killed "twelve (12) terrorists". In a subsequent FOIA response obtained by…
Summary
Published
31 May 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
29 May–3 June, 2018
Incident Code
USSOM130-C
Location
Bariire, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
A suspected airstrike in a field outside Bariire, a village 30 miles west of Mogadishu, killed three boys and left one woman injured, according to The National. Journalist Amanda Sperber met Halimo Mohamed Abdi, a herder who was injured in the action: "The blast broke both her hips, left shrapnel embedded in her thigh, and…
Summary
Published
31 May 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
(
Drone Strike
)
Civilians reported killed
3
Civilians reported injured
1
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
23 May 2018
Incident Code
USSOM128
Location
Arbiska, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
A late night US strike on the village of Arbiska was reported by Radio Shabelle. According to the local news outlet, "Suspected American fighter jets were reported to have carried out an overnight airstrike in Lower Shabelle region, targeting Al-Shabaab bases, residents said. The strike happened on the outskirt of Arbiska village, located near the capital,…
Summary
Published
23 May 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
9–10 May, 2018
Incident Code
USSOM127-C
Location
Bulcida Macalinka (northeast), Lower Shabelle, Somalia
Five civilians were reportedly killed in a US and/or Somali-waged ground operation - possibly also involving airpower - in the Lower Shabelle region, local and international media reported. The US denied allegations of harm on several occasions. The raid was reportedly carried out by Somalia commandos, with the US saying American troops supported the mission…
Summary
Published
9 May 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
,
Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground)
Civilians reported killed
5
Civilians reported injured
5
Causes of Death / Injury
Small arms and light weapons
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
16 April 2018
Incident Code
USSOM126
Location
ليغو, Leego, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
US forces carried out a strike against al Shabaab militants on April 16th near Leego, an Africa Command spokesperson told the Bureau of Investigative Journalism in early May. AFRICOM made no mention of civilian harm. An AFRICOM spokespersons noted that "No terrorists were killed and no equipment was destroyed in this strike." Leego is described…
Summary
Published
16 April 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
11 April 2018
Incident Code
USSOM125
Location
Jana Cabdalle, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
AFRICOM reported that two days previously it had "conducted an airstrike destroying an al-Shabaab vehicle-borne improvised explosive device near Jana Cabdalle, Somalia, on the afternoon of April 11." AFRICOM made no mention of civilian harm. Additionally, AFRICOM did not state whether any belligerents had been killed in this strike. In a subsequent FOIA response obtained by…
Summary
Published
11 April 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
5 April 2018
Incident Code
USSOM124
Location
جيليب, Jilib, Middle Juba, Somalia
AFRICOM reported that the previous day it had "conducted an airstrike against Al-Shabaab militants near Jilib, Somalia, the afternoon of April 5". It added: "We assess no civilians were killed in this airstrike." However, AFRICOM claimed that the airstrike killed "three (3) terrorists" and destroyed "one (1) vehicle with a mounted heavy machine gun." In a…
Summary
Published
5 April 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
1 April 2018
Incident Code
USSOM123-C
Location
Ceel Buur, Mudug, Somalia
Up to four civilians, including one child and one woman, were killed along with up to five al Shabaab fighters as a US airstrike struck El Burr, Galmudug, international media reported. Following a year of denials, US Africa Command admitted in April 2019 that civilians had in fact died in the event - and that…
Summary
Published
1 April 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Civilians reported killed
2–4
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
19 March 2018
Incident Code
USSOM122
Location
مبارك, Mubaraak, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
AFRICOM publicly reported that two days earlier, it had "conducted an airstrike against al-Shabaab on the morning of March 19 near Mubaarak, Somalia". The press release made no mention of civilian harm. However, AFRICOM claimed that the airstrike killed "two terrorists", wounded another "three terrorists" and destroyed "one vehicle". Voice of America reported the following:…
Summary
Published
19 March 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
13 March 2018
Incident Code
USSOM121
Location
Vicinity of Jamecco and Singulle, Middle Shabelle, Somalia
A US airstrike killed 12 al Shabaab militants and wounded another 15 members as Jamecco, Middle Shabelle was struck, AFRICOM reported. The US carried had carried out ten strikes since the start of the year, a US Africa Command spokesperson confirmed to the Bureau of Investigative Journalism (BIJ) at the start of April, which had…
Summary
Published
13 March 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
12 March 2018
Incident Code
USSOM120
Location
Kamsuuma, Lower Juba, Somalia
AFRICOM said that it had carried out a strike on "al Shabaab fighters in the vicinity of Kamsuuma" on March 12th. It made no mention of civilian harm. The US had already carried out ten strikes since the start of the year, a US Africa Command spokesperson confirmed to the Bureau of Investigative Journalism (BIJ)…
Summary
Published
12 March 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
26 February 2018
Incident Code
USSOM119
Location
جيليب, Jilib, Middle Juba, Somalia
AFRICOM reported that the previous day it had "conducted an airstrike against al-Shabaab militants on Feb. 26, in the vicinity of Jilib, Somalia". It added: "We assess no civilians were killed in this strike." However, AFRICOM claimed that the airstrike killed two terrorists and wounded two more. Shabelle Media Network had reported a strike carried out…
Summary
Published
26 February 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
21 February 2018
Incident Code
USSOM118-C
Location
Bangeeni, Lower Juba, Somalia
Up to five people, including two reported civilians, were killed in a US military airstrike that hit in the vicinity of Jamaame, in Somalia's Lower Juba region, international media reported. According to a US Africa Command press release, a US strike on al Shabaab killed four members of the group. VOA reporter Khadar Hared tweeted that…
Summary
Published
21 February 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Civilians reported killed
2
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
19 February 2018
Incident Code
USSOM117
Location
جيليب, Jilib, Middle Juba, Somalia
AFRICOM reported that two days previously it had "conducted an airstrike against al-Shabaab militants on Feb. 19, in the vicinity of Jilib, Somalia". It added: "We assess no civilians were killed in this strike." However, AFRICOM claimed that the attack had killed "three (3) terrorists." Voice of America said that "Local residents in the region reported…
Summary
Published
19 February 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
6 February 2018
Incident Code
USSOM116
Location
حرمك, Vicinity of Kunya Barrow, Middle Juba, Somalia
The US carried had so far carried out ten strikes since the start of the year, a US Africa Command spokesperson confirmed to the Bureau of Investigative Journalism (BIJ) at the start of April, which had recorded only six publicly reported strikes. The spokesperson provided details on the strikes BIJ had not recorded: "The first…
Summary
Published
6 February 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
18 January 2018
Incident Code
USSOM114
Location
Beer Xaani, Lower Juba, Somalia
AFRICOM reported that the previous day it had "conducted an airstrike against al-Shabaab militants on Jan. 18, approximately 50 kilometers northwest of Kismayo". It added: "No civilians were killed in this strike." However, AFRICOM claimed that the airstrike killed "four (4) terrorists." In a subsequent FOIA response obtained by journalist Joshua Eaton in May 2019, AFRICOM …
Summary
Published
18 January 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
18 January 2018
Incident Code
USSOM115-C
Location
Jameeco Jilyaale near Beled ul Amin, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
The US confirmed it had accompanied Somali troops in a mission that rescued 30 to 32 boys from an al Shabaab indoctrination centre in the Lower Shabelle region. However, during the rescue attempt, fire reportedly from Somali forces reportedly killed four or five children, and a teacher. A later US government FOIA response indicated that…
Summary
Published
18 January 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Education
Civilians reported killed
4–6
Causes of Death / Injury
Small arms and light weapons
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
2 January 2018
Incident Code
USSOM113
Location
Bariire, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
AFRICOM reported that the previous day it had "conducted an airstrike against al-Shabaab militants in the early morning hours of Jan. 2, 2018, approximately 50 kilometers west of the capital [Mogadishu]". It added: "We assess no civilians were killed in this strike." However, AFRICOM claimed that the airstrike killed "two terrorists" and destroyed "one vehicle-borne improvised…
Summary
Published
2 January 2018
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
27 December 2017
Incident Code
USSOM112
Location
مبارك, Mubaraak, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
On December 28th 2017, AFRICOM reported that it had "conducted an airstrike against al-Shabaab militants in the early evening hours of Dec. 27, 2017, approximately 25 kilometres west of the capital". It added that "we assess no civilians were killed in this strike". However, AFRICOM claimed that the strike had "killed four terrorists", adding that…
Summary
Published
27 December 2017
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
24 December 2017
Incident Code
USSOM111
Location
Ball Raho, between Buusaar and Burahache, Gedo, Somalia
On December 27th 2017, AFRICOM reported that it had "conducted an airstrike against al-Shabaab militants on the morning of Dec. 24, 2017, in southern Somalia". AFRICOM made no mention of civilian harm. However, it claimed that the strike had killed "13 terrorists". The strike hit southern Somalia according to officials, though no additional location details were provided…
Summary
Published
24 December 2017
Strike Type
Airstrike
(
Drone Strike
)
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
15–16 December, 2017
Incident Code
USSOM110
Location
30 miles northwest of Kismayo, IVO Qudus, Lower Juba, Somalia
On December 18th 2017, AFRICOM reported that it had "conducted an airstrike against al-Shabaab militants in the early evening hours on Friday, Dec. 15, approximately 30 miles northwest of Kismayo". It added that "we assess no civilians were killed in the strike." However, AFRICOM claimed that the strike had killed "eight (8) terrorists" and destroyed "one…
Summary
Published
15 December 2017
Strike Type
Airstrike
(
Drone Strike
)
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
11–12 December, 2017
Incident Code
USSOM109
Location
مبارك, Mubaraak, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
US Forces carried out a strike against an "al-Shabaab vehicle-borne improvised explosive device" in the early hours of December 12th, US Africa Command announced, which it said had removed an "imminent threat to the people of Mogadishu". The early morning strike hit 65 kilometers southwest of the capital, AFRICOM said (later noting that the strike…
Summary
Published
12 December 2017
Strike Type
Airstrike
(
Drone Strike
)
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
6 December 2017
Incident Code
USSOM108-C
Location
130 km southwest of Mogadishu, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
Between five and seven civilians, including two children, were killed when a vehicle carrying suspected al Shabaab fighters exploded in their village, after being hit by what is thought to have been a US airstrike - though US Africa Command deny any strikes in the area on this date. The explosion reportedly injured a further…
Summary
Published
6 December 2017
Strike Type
Airstrike
(
Drone Strike
)
Civilians reported killed
5–7
Civilians reported injured
2–3
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
29 November 2017
Incident Code
USSOM107
Location
Tortoroow, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
A US airstrike targeted an al Shabaab training camp in Tortoorow, Lower Shabelle according to local media. While not declared by AFRICOM at the time, the US later admitted the event in a May 2019 FOIA response. According to Garowe Online, "The attack took place in Toratorow, a main al Shabaab stronghold town in the…
Summary
Published
29 November 2017
Strike Type
Airstrike
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
27 November 2017
Incident Code
USSOM106
Location
Hills around Dasaan, Bari, Somalia
On the same day, AFRICOM reported that it had "conducted an airstrike against ISIS, in northeastern Somalia on Nov. 27". It added that "the strike occurred at approximately 3 p.m. local Somalia time" and made no mention of civilian harm. However, it did claim that the strike had "killed one terrorist". Reuters placed the attack near Qandala:…
Summary
Published
27 November 2017
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
21 November 2017
Incident Code
USSOM105
Location
Bur Elade, Bay, Somalia
AFRICOM reported on the same day that it had "conducted an airstrike in Somalia against an al-Shabaab camp on Tuesday, Nov. 21 at approximately 10:30 a.m. local Somalia time". It added that "the operation occurred 125 miles northwest of the capital, Mogadishu" though AFRICOM made no mention of civilian harm. However, it claimed that the…
Summary
Published
21 November 2017
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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Incident Date
14 November 2017
Incident Code
USSOM104
Location
Idow Jalaad, near Leego, Lower Shabelle, Somalia
A US strike killed "several" al Shabaab fighters in the seventh aerial attack in Somalia in six days. Lower Shabelle's deputy governor told Voice of America the strike had killed six al Shabaab fighters in the village of Idow Jalad. A statement from US Africa Command said the strike was carried out "in coordination with…
Summary
Published
14 November 2017
Strike Type
Airstrike
Causes of Death / Injury
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Military Actor
U.S. Forces
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