Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

Turkey fought numerous military actors after intervening militarily in the Syrian Civil War in 2015, primarily against Kurdish forces but also at times the Islamic State. In northern Iraq, Turkey’s military campaign against Kurdish militant groups has expanded in recent years.

Airwars has documented hundreds of allegations of civilian harm by Turkish strikes against Kurdish-affiliated forces in Iraq and Syria since 2015.

Airwars estimate of civilian deaths

1,014 – 1,498

Locally reported civilian deaths from declared or likely Turkish Military actions in Iraq and Syria for which the reporting was assessed by Airwars as Fair, or have been Confirmed by the Turkish Military. These originate from 984 separate alleged incidents.

215 – 242
children likely killed
150 – 170
women likely killed
2,442
likely injured
2,235
named victims

Turkish Military estimate of civilian deaths

0

Confirmed civilian deaths, from Turkish Military actions in Iraq and Syria, originating from 0 separate incidents of civilian harm.

civilians confirmed injured
Alleged deaths
1,767 – 2,507
Locally reported civilian deaths from Turkish Military actions in Iraq and Syria.
984 seperate alleged incidents
Confirmed or Fair
1,014 – 1,498
Civilian deaths for which the reporting was assessed by Airwars as Fair, or have been Confirmed by Turkish Military
733 seperate alleged incidents
Weak
119 – 137
Civilian deaths for which the reporting was assessed by Airwars as Weak.
166 seperate alleged incidents
Contested
333 – 571
Civilian deaths for which the reporting is assessed by Airwars as Contested.
83 seperate alleged incidents
Discounted
301
Civilian deaths were Discounted by Airwars after assessment.
2 seperate alleged incidents
1005 incidents
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Incident DatePublication Date

Incident Date

26 January 2026

Incident Code

TS798

Location

village of Khirab Ashk in the Kobani countryside, Aleppo, Syria
قرية خراب عشك بريف
On Monday, January 26, 2026, a drone strike with contested responsibility allegedly perpetrated by the Turkish military or Syrian interim government forces, hit a residential home in Kharab Ashk in the Kobani countryside of Syria, killing at least five civilians, including four children, and injuring between five and seven others, including four children, according to…

Summary

Published
7 May 2026
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Incident Date

28 November 2025

Incident Code

ISSY087

Location

Beit Jinn, Damascus countryside, Syria, Syria
بيت جن

Summary

Published
7 May 2026
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Incident Date

26 August 2025

Incident Code

ISSY085

Location

Syria

Summary

Published
7 May 2026
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Incident Date

16 July 2025

Incident Code

ISSY083

Location

Syria

Summary

Published
7 May 2026
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Incident Date

16 July 2025

Incident Code

ISSY084

Location

Syria

Summary

Published
7 May 2026
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Incident Date

26 June 2025

Incident Code

IRIS250616b

Location

The Bazan Group oil refinery complex, HaHistadrut Ave, Haifa, Haifa, Syria
שדרות ההסתדרות, חיפה, حيفا
Three Bazan oil refinery employees were reportedly killed, and a number of employees were injured after an alleged Iranian missile struck the oil refinery located in Haifa bay, Israel, shortly after 4 a.m. on June 16, 2025. The cause of death for all three men was suffocation, as well as the extreme heat from the…

Summary

Published
7 May 2026
View Incident