Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

An internally displaced Kurdish family in northern Iraq, 2016 (Maranie R. Staab)

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Turkish Military
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Incident Code

TS270

Incident date

March 13, 2018

Location

جنديرس, Road between Jindires and Afrin city, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.433675, 36.772044 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Subdistrict level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Local media reported the death of two civilians in an alleged Turkish airstrike on the road between Jindires and Afrin city, Syria.

The SDF War Media reported: The Martyrdom of two Civilians by Turkish raids on the Jandarsa road. the victims died while trying to escape with their lives from the bombing of Turkey. They have not been identified.

There are no other details at this time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1–2 men)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A picture shows the victim who killed followed an alleged Turkish air strike on Road between Jindires and Afrin city, 13th March 2018. (source: SDF war media facebook)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the subdistrict of Road between Jindires and Afrin city (جنديرس), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.433675, 36.772044. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1–2 men)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS007 CS371

Incident date

November 13, 2016

Location

مدينة الباب, Al Bab, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.371972, 37.51631 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One or two civilians were reported killed and three injured in ‘Coalition’ strikes on Al Bab. However, other reports claimed that Turkey and its FSA allies may have been responsible.

Sky News reported that Turkish tanks were advancing on Al Bab, while France 24 described Turkish airstrikes on the city. Reporting casualties, Halab News said “an unidentified man and woman were killed, following coalition raids on al Bab and they are civilians from the town.”

All 4 Syria said that both the Coalition and Turkey conducted strikes on the city: “Extensive Turkish air strikes in Al Bab destroyed four buildings and a car used by IS while coalition carried out six airstrikes and killed ten IS fighters. However, Al Amaq reported the death of a civilian and three others wounded due to Turkish tank bombardment.”

ISIS’s media wing also reported civilian casualties, initially noting “one dead and three civilians injured – one of them in a critical condition – following Turkish artillery bombardment of the city of Al Bab in the Aleppo countryside.” It also reported US airstrikes alongside Turkish artillery attacks.

In August 2017 the US-led alliance denied responsibility for the event, stating: “After a review of available information it was assessed that no Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area of the reported civilian casualties.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Turkish Military, US-led Coalition

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Al Bab (مدينة الباب), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.371972, 37.51631. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

CJTF–OIR Declassified Assessment and Press Release

Attached to this civilian harm incident is a provisional reconciliation of the Pentagon's declassified assessment of this civilian harm allegation, based on matching date and locational information.

The declassified documents were obtained by Azmat Khan and the New York Times through Freedom of Information requests and lawsuits filed since March 2017, and are included alongside the corresponding press release published by the Pentagon. Airwars is currently analysing the contents of each file, and will update our own assessments accordingly.

Declassified Assessment Press Release

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • Stated location
    near Al Bab, Syria
    Nearest population center

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Aug 4, 2017

  • After a review of available information it was assessed that no Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area of the reported civilian casualties.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition
Official source

For November 12th-13th, the Coalition reported no strikes in Aleppo governorate.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Turkish Military, US-led Coalition

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS133

Incident date

January 28, 2018

Location

حج خليل, Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.678611, 36.683611 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Two or more civilians died in an alleged Turkish shelling of Haj Khalil village, according to local media. A number of sources referred to the event as “a horrific massacre”.

Rumaf reported that “children and elderly” were targeted in the attack.

According to Military Council for Manbij and surrounding area [SDF], which published graphic images of victims, “the army of the Turkish invasion committed a horrific massacre of civilians in the village of Haj Khalil in the area of Rajo after targeting the village this morning. This led to the death of a number of civilians and wounding others”.

According to the Smart News Agency, “the Media Center of the Syrian Democratic Forces, on its official website, said that a number of civilians were killed and wounded by shelling of the factions of the Free Army and Turkish forces on the village of Haj Khalil in Rajo district and on the side of Bulbul, without mentioning the number of victims or details of them.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Ali Ahmad Baker
55 years old male killed
Mohammed Ahmed Bakr
66 years old male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (2 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (11) [ collapse]

  • Mohammed Ahmed Bakr, killed in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via Afrin Now)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civilian casualty, killed in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via SDF)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Mohammed Ahmed Bakr, killed in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via SDF)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civilian casualty, killed in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via SDF)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An elderly man injured in the alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via Rumaf)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A man injured in the alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via Rumaf)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A child injured in the alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via Rumaf)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civilian casualty, killed in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via Military Council for Manbij)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civilian casualty, killed in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via Military Council for Manbij)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civilian casualty, killed in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via Military Council for Manbij)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Animals were killed in the alleged Turkish airstrike on Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin, 28th January 2018. (via Afrin Now)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Haj Khalil village, Rajo district, Afrin (حج خليل), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.678611, 36.683611. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (2 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS164

Incident date

February 8, 2018

Location

اشكا غابري, Ashka Gharbi village, Jandrissa, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.399444, 36.636667 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

According to several sources, an unidentified number of civilians were wounded followed an alleged Turkish shelling on Ashka Gharbi village, Jandrissa, Afrin.

Afrin Now reported that in Syria the Turkish occupation army shelled the village of Ashka Gharbi of the Jundressa area in Afrin province with artillery. There were reports of civilian casualties and injuries caused by indiscriminate shelling.

On February 9th, The Military Council for Manbij and its countryside reported that at 6 pm yesterday, the village of Ashkan Gharbi was subjected to a very violent indiscriminate artillery bombardment causing civilian injuries.

The same video was used to document the shelling of Kafr Shila which injured three civilians, including two 10 year old boys and their mother. It is unclear to which incident it belongs. 

The incident occured at 18:00:00 local time.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A boy injured in "very violent indiscriminate artillery bombardment", by alleged Turkish shelling. 8th February 2018. (via SDF PRESS)
  • The sign at the village (which is made by the Kurdish people, not official Syrian regime sign) reads” Aska Rojava.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Ashka Gharbi village, Jandrissa, Afrin (اشكا غابري), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.399444, 36.636667. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS144

Incident date

January 31, 2018

Location

اشرفية, Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.495082, 36.878273 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One child died and up to 12 other civilians were wounded in an alleged Turkish shelling of Afrin, according to local media. Sources reported that Turkey fired rockets into the city.

Afrin Now and Rumaf named Arhat Ahmad Aliko, nine-years-old, as killed, though other sources listed him as wounded (see list below). The Smart News Agency also said that one civilian died, while SDF Press added that he later died from injuries sustained in the attack.

Sources published numerous images showing casualties being treated in a medical facility.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Arhat Ahmad Aliko
9 years old male killed
Mohammed Ahmed Aliko
10 years old male lives in Tarnada district, several shrapnel wounds throughout the body injured
Mohammed Ahmed Aliko
75 years old male lives in Tarnada district, a head injury and a knee injury injured
Koley Mohammed Khalil
40 years old resident of Ternada district, bruises injured
Ali Akram Aliko
40 years old male lives in the district of Trnada, a shoulder and chest injury injured
Amina Abdullah Faraj
50 years old Ternada neighborhood, a thigh injury injured
Izzat Sheikh Musa
58 years old lives in the district of Ternada, chest, abdomen and thigh injuries injured
Abdo Mousa
11 years old who lives in Ternada district, a thigh injury injured
Halima Ahmed
70 years old lives in Ternada, a head injury injured
Ahmed Shukri Ali
39 years old male injured
Halima Ahmed Mankawi
70 years old injured
Idris Hassan Bilal
33 years old injured

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (24) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (26) [ collapse]

  • Photo showing destruction to civilian homes in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via RT)
  • Photo showing destruction to civilian homes in the aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike on Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via RT)
  • The exact moment that an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Afrin Now)
  • The exact moment that an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Afrin Now)
  • Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Afrin Now)
  • Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Afrin Now)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Afrin Now)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Arhat Ahmad Aliko, killed in an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Afrin Now)
  • Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Nuce 24)
  • Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Nuce 24)
  • Crater formed in the road. (via Kurdish Red Crescent)
  • Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Kurdish Red Crescent)
  • Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Kurdish Red Crescent)
  • Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Kurdish Red Crescent)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Kurdish Red Crescent)
  • Crater formed in the road. (via Kurdish Red Crescent)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike which hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Kurdish Red Crescent)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Kurdish Red Crescent)
  • Interviews with injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via Rumafl facebook)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via SOHR)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via SOHR)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via SOHR)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via SOHR)
  • Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via SOHR)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via SOHR)
  • Injured civilians receive medical treatment following an alleged Turkish airstrike hit Al Ashrafiya neighbourhood, Afrin, 31st January 2018. (via SOHR)

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (24) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS155

Incident date

February 4, 2018

Location

زيتونك, Zeitounka, Afrin, Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.726107, 36.943331 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Local sources in Syria reported “the martyrdom of citizen Ahmed Horo, 77 years old, as a result of the Turkish bombardment of the village of Zeitounka in the countryside of Afrin.”

Kurid Post provided detail on the event: “‘We were sitting in the house and a barrage of artillery shells fell unceasingly, causing panic and panic among the children. As we prepared to go to a safe place, the shells landed on our house,’ said Faik Rashid Horu, who was next to his uncle when artillery shells hit the house. He added that his elderly uncle could not deliver himself to a safe place because of his age.”

There are no other details at this time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Ahmed Mihemed Horo
77 years old male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Ahmed Houro, 77, killed in an alleged Turkish air and artillery strike on Zeitounka, Afrin, 4th February 2018. (via Kurdi Post)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Ahmed Houro, 77, killed in an alleged Turkish air and artillery strike on Zeitounka, Afrin, 4th February 2018. (via Kurdi Post)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Zeitounka, Afrin, Aleppo (زيتونك), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.726107, 36.943331. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS073

Incident date

February 4, 2017

Location

الباب, Al Bab, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.371972, 37.5179666 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One child reportedly died in alleged Turkish or FSA artillery shelling on Al Bab.

The Syrian network for Human Rights wrote that “the child Hassan Al Jaboli, age 12, died from Euphrates Shield artillery shells fired on Al Bab city in the Aleppo governorate.”

There are no other details at this time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Hassan Al Jaboli
12 years old male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Al Bab (الباب), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.371972, 37.5179666. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS285

Incident date

November 1, 2018

Location

تل أبيض , Tel Fender, Raqqa, Syria

Geolocation

36.694722, 38.879444 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Local sources reported that a girl was killed due to Turkish shelling on Tal Fander, one of the Tal Abyad villages in northern Raqqa.

Although most sources reported that the girl was killed in an airstrike, Smart claimed that the Turkish army targeted the village with heavy machine guns and sniper fire, which allegedly killed the girl after she was hit by a bullet to the head.

In a press release, CENTCOM confirmed cross-border attacks by Turkey against SDF positions in northern-Syria, stating that the SDF temporarily suspended offensive actions against ISIS in response.

 

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Sara Rifaat
Child female killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child1 woman)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Sara Rifaat was killed due to an alleged Turkish airstrike on Tal Abyad (via RBSS).

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Sara Rifaat, alleged killed in a Turkish airstrike on Tal Abyad (via Euphrates Post).

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Tel Fender (تل فندر), for which the coordinates are: 36.694722, 38.879444

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child1 woman)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]