Civilian Casualties

Civilian Casualties

Belligerent
Country
Libya
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

Lib2011-125

Incident date

July 10, 2011

Location

مصراتة, Misrata, Libya

Geolocation

32.374457, 15.087794 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On July 10th, 2011, Gaddafi forces fired eight Grad rockets at Misurata, resulting in the death of seven people. It was unclear how many civilian and belligerent deaths were included.

@misratapost tweeted “Today, Sunday 10-07-2011, the number of martyrs in Misurata has reached 7”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 7
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Gaddafi Forces
  • Suspected target
    Libyan rebel forces
  • Belligerents reported killed
    0–7

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Misurata (مصراتة), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.374457, 15.087794. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Gaddafi Forces Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Gaddafi Forces
  • Gaddafi Forces position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 7
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Gaddafi Forces
  • Suspected target
    Libyan rebel forces
  • Belligerents reported killed
    0–7

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

Lib2011-006

Incident date

February 17, 2011

Location

درنة‎, Derna, Libya

Geolocation

32.755841, 22.637778 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On February 17th 2011, between three and six protestors were shot dead by Gaddafi security forces in Derna, with between 15 and 25 additionally wounded, as reported by Al Jazeera and Wiki News.

Al Jazeera reports “Large numbers of demonstrators also went out today in the city of Derna, east of Benghazi, interspersed with burning of headquarters and demanding the overthrow of the Libyan regime.”

Three men were reported killed by Gaddafi in a Facebook post from the National Front for Justice and Equality, with another three reported dead in a Facebook post from Here is Libya.

A video on the “Gaddafi to the dustbin of history” Facebook post shows an attack on the security directorate of in Derna.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Ground operation
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 6
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–25
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected target
    Libyan rebel forces

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Three men reported killed during the protests in Derna, taken from https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=498740801785&set=gm.111473818929834
  • Death notice for six victims, taken from https://www.facebook.com/447016525319646/photos/a.447927638561868/467281736626458/

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Derna (درنة‎), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.755841, 22.637778. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Ground operation
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 6
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–25
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected target
    Libyan rebel forces

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Incident Code

Lib2011-147

Incident date

August 23, 2011

Location

غرغور, Gharghour, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.863772, 13.166964 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least 21 people, including at least three men, were killed and two men were injured in a detention facility run by the Revolutionary Guard in Gargur, south of Bab Al-Aziziyah, on August 23, 2011 according to UN Report Source Page 72.

According to witnesses and family members, most of those being held in the detention facility had been arrested on the 18 & 19 of August 2011 in Tripoli. In the top floor of the building, 14 detainees were held for five days without receiving any food and only water in the evenings. On August 23, 2011 witnesses heard gunfire and found the bodies of 21 people, with only two men still alive.

Names of those killed:

Ihab Abdul Hamid bin Al-Sheikh, born 1986

Khalifa Abd al-Rahman al-Daghra, a student of the Faculty of Engineering, Computer Department, born in 1988

Abd al-Salam Abdullah al-Muqlash

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

25 years old male killed
23 years old male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Ground operation
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    21
  • (3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected target
    Gaddafi forces

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • Ihab Abdul Hamid bin Al-Sheikh, killed August 23, 2011
  • Khalifa Abd al-Rahman al-Daghra, killed August 23, 2011
  • Abd al-Salam al-Muqlash, killed August 23, 2011

Geolocation notes (1) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention the area of Gharghour (غرغور), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.863772, 13.166964. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

  • Reports of the incident mention the area of Gharghour (غرغور) in Tripoli (طرابلس‎).

    Imagery:
    Google Earth

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Ground operation
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    21
  • (3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected target
    Gaddafi forces

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC431

Incident date

July 22, 2022

Location

مشروع الموز, Mashrou’ Al Muz, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.841729, 13.273353 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Local sources reported that a woman and her two children were killed and the father was injured in shelling during clashes in Mashrou’ Al Muz in Tripoli on July 22, 2022. One source asserted that this news was not true.

@tkyroogklshytk tweeted that a family near Mashrou’ Al Muz was killed due to shelling of their home, and later added that the “family of Abdul Hakim… in the village of Al-Gheraisah Mashrou’ Al Muz, a man, his wife and two daughters, and a shell fell on the family”. @taqarifatnews also tweeted about the death of a family, without providing specific details.

Emergency Medicine and Support Center posted on Facebook that the news of shelling of Mr. Mohamed Al-Muzoghi’s house and the death of his wife and children was “incorrect”.

However, a Facebook post from Libya Al Ahrar quoting the spokesman for the Emergency and Ambulance Service Osama Ali stated that “a woman and her two children were killed and their father was injured this morning as a result of the Tripoli clashes”. @AhmedElmadni added that the father was in intensive care.

Libya Al Ahrar reported that more than 20 families were evacuated from the Mashrou’ Al Muz area and @wady_dynar tweeted that a fire had erupted as a result of the shelling.

@gGY33TX9eprjsHt tweeted the names of the mother, Naima Mesbah Al-Qamoudi, and her children, Reem Muhammad Al-Mazoughi and Emad Muhammad Al-Mazoughi, who they said were killed, and that the father was in care, due to “more than one shell” falling on their house.

Al Marsad posted on Facebook that “the organs of the Presidential Council” were involved in clashes and shelling east of Tripoli, while @libyapress2010 tweeted that the clashes were between Al Radaa (Ministry of Interior RADAA Special forces) and Tripoli Revolutionaries Brigade. A tweet from @wagak_original reported that the attack was carried out by. a drone after “elements of Ayoub Abu Ras (Tripoli Revolutionaries Brigade) holed up next to” the house.

The incident occured in the morning.

The victims were named as:

Family members (4)

Muhammad Al-Mazoughi
Adult male injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 3
  • (0–2 children0–1 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    0–1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.

Sources (18) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • House damaged by shelling of Mashrou’ Al Muz on July 22, 2022. (Image posted by @tkyroogklshytk)
  • Fire from shelling of Mashrou’ Al Muz on July 22, 2022. (Image posted by @wady_dynar)
  • Fire from shelling of Mashrou’ Al Muz on July 22, 2022. (Image posted by @SosoRt19)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the Mashrou’ Al Muz (مشروع الموز) neighbourhood of Tripoli (طرابلس). The generic coordinates for Mashrou’ Al Muz are: 32.841729, 13.273353. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

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Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 3
  • (0–2 children0–1 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    0–1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.

Sources (18) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LQ068

Incident date

September 24–October 1, 2018

Location

درنة, Derna, Libya

Geolocation

32.75591, 22.637772 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Heavy artillery shelling from the LNA was reported in Derna between September 28th and October 1st.

The Libya Observer wrote: “Derna in eastern Libya has been the scene for fierce clashes since Sunday between Derna Protection Force and the self-styled army forces led by Khalifa Haftar.

Eyewitnesses said clashes renewed in Wasit Al-Blad neighborhood, where Derna Protection Force fighters are still in control as Haftar’s forces continue to encircle them.

They also said artillery shells were heard all over the city.”

LNA-affiliated 218 TV described the targets as terrorists: “Sources in the city of Derna confirmed to the 218 the outbreak of violent clashes last night, between the army forces and terrorist groups, in the center of the old city.

Military units used heavy weapons to target some of the observatories of these groups and were able to hit them directly.”

Images from various Twitter sources indicate that various civilian buildings were hit. However, no civilian harm was reported.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Images showing the aftermath of the alleged strikes

Libyan National Army Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Libyan National Army
  • Libyan National Army position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC188

Incident date

September 1, 2019

Location

طرابلس‎: مطار معيتيقة, Tripoli: Mitiga International Airport, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.895041, 13.2785 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between one and seven civilians were allegedly injured because of LNA artillery shelling on Mitiga International Airport in Tripoli.

Alwasat quoted the spokesman for the ambulance and emergency service who said one civilian was injured.

218TV reported: “Mitiga airport wass shelled with more than five rocket-propelled grenades on Sunday, with conflicting reports of injuries among Libyan pilgrims returning from the Holy Land, while media sources confirmed damage to a Libyan Airlines Airbus.”

Al Motawaset said: “Al-Arabiya news channel revealed a number of Libyan pilgrims coming from Saudi Arabia were injured after shells landed on Mitiga airport in Tripoli.”

The Libya Observer wrote: “Airport sources said the pilgrims were leaving the plane around 2:00 a.m. when the rockets started falling a few meters away from their plane, causing panic among the pilgrims and wounding a number of them.”

Libya Alahrar TV said that “Haftar militants targeted Mitiga civilian airport with rocket-propelled grenades on Saturday night, wounding four civilians, including three pilgrims, one of whom was a woman whose plane had arrived at the airport from Saudi Arabia at the moment of the targeting.”

The Libya Herald reported: “The internationally-recognized Libyan government led by Faiez Serraj and the United Nations condemned Saturday’s attack on Mitiga airport which led to civilian casualties. The attack was attributed to the Khalifa Hafter forces attacking Tripoli.

There was some minor damage to infrastructure, parked cars and shrapnel damage to one aircraft. The Serraj Health Ministry reported four civilian injuries, including 3 pilgrim passengers (a woman and two men) and another civilian were taken to Mitiga and Central Tripoli hospitals, while another 30 pilgrims who had fainted and experienced high rates of blood pressure and diabetes as a result of the panic – were also admitted to hospitals.”

According to Reuters, “nearby Mitiga hospital received one small girl who had been wounded, a doctor there told Reuters.”

Afrigate News accused local media of fabricating news that the LNA was responsible and said the shelling was conducted by a local militia. Libya Akhbar and Al Motawaset also accused the Buqra militia.

UNSMIL sent a team to assess the situation and concluded: “Following another attack today, 01 September, on Mitiga airport UNSMIL dispatched an assessment mission to the airport. The mission was able to confirm that four projectiles struck the civilian parts of the airport; three projectiles landed in the parking lot and one hit the runway resulting in damage to an airplane that had carried dozens of pilgrims returning from the Hajj. At least two crew members were injured while rushing out of the plane.”

UNSMIL later quoted the UN special representative for Libya, Ghassan Salamé, saying that seven civilians were injured.

A UN report published in December 2019 said there were various options of responsibility: “Although no armed group has yet taken responsibility for this attack, it is certain that HAF units were not responsible for this attack, as they had no ground forces anywhere near the area of the firing point.

There were some claims from a confidential source that the Tajura-based GNA-AF 33rd Brigade (a.k.a. Rabhat al-Durua’) was responsible for the attack as they are involved in an internal-GNA-AF conflict with the Special Deterrence Force (SDF) who control the prison at the airport in which 33rd Brigade individuals are detained. Notwithstanding this claim though, the “banana project” area has also recently being used as a staging area for the 2nd Brigade, the Nawasi battalion, the Somoud brigade and battalion 301. Elements of the now dispersed Tripoli Revolutionaries Brigade (TRB) may also have transited this area, and as they have recently had a member imprisoned by the SDF, they too would have a motive for the attack.

An alternative claim is that perpetrators were from a mixed group of ex-regime supporters, Haftar supporters and criminals from Ghararaat. They are known to have previously attacked the airport in 2017/2018 and they have serious issues with the SDF.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–7
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (26) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (11) [ collapse]

  • Pictures of the aftermath
  • More pictures from the incident
  • Video report from Libya Alahrar TV
  • Supposed surveillance footage from the airport
  • Picture of the shelling (via Libya Akhbar)
  • Another picture of the shelling (via Libya Akhbar)
  • UNSMIL examining the airport (via Address Libya)
  • UNSMIL examining the airport (via Address Libya)
  • A car supposedly damaged by a shell (via Address Libya)
  • UNSMIL examining the airport (via Address Libya)
  • UNSMIL examining the airport (via Address Libya)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the Mitiga International Airport (مطار معيتيقة), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.895041, 13.2785. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Libyan National Army Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Libyan National Army
  • Libyan National Army position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–7
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (26) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC217

Incident date

October 13, 2019

Location

جامعة افريقيا المتحدة, University of Africa , Jafara, Libya

Geolocation

32.531577, 13.020688 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian was reportedly injured by an LNA airstrike on Aziziya.

Hona Souq Al-Khmies reported: “The fall of random shells on Aziziya on the farm of Al-Madani and the injury of a member of the family lightly wounded and leaving material damage.”

The LNA had confirmed airstrikes in the area, according to Ewan Libya and 218 TV: “The Air Force targeted an ammunition depot and mechanisms, located behind the University of Africa, other sites belonging to armed groups in Camp Hamza, the vicinity of Khalat Al Furjan and a farm on Sidra Street, in addition to successive strikes on armed concentrations in the vicinity of the Aziziyah area.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Declared strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the vicinity of the University of Africa (جامعة افريقيا المتحدة), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.772972, 12.750194. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Libyan National Army Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Libyan National Army
  • Libyan National Army position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Declared strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC244

Incident date

November 14, 2019

Location

الزهور, Al Zohour, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.853889, 13.176667 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian was allegedly killed by LNA artillery shelling on the Al Zohour neighbourhood of Tripoli.

The Libya Observer reported: “Meanwhile, one person was killed in Al-Zohoor neighborhood in Tripoli after 10 Grad rockets fired by Haftar’s forces fell on the residential area Thursday.

Al-Zohoor neighborhood in Salah Al-Deen in southern Tripoli has been seeing large displacement by residents since last Tuesday due to repeated indiscriminate shelling by Haftar’s forces, leading to casualties and destruction of properties.”

The Field Medicine and Support Center said: “The Salem Al-Nafees (formerly Salaheddin) field hospital said that Mr. Wajdi Mustafa Shweibi, who is 45 years old in the district of Zohour on Thursday, 14 November 2019, which was exposed to shrapnel of shells fell on his residence, which led to him being seriously injured in the stomach, was taken to Dar al-Rahma hospital in Tripoli.”

According to Libya Alahrar TV, Tk Yahroug Kl shy and the GNA-led Burkan Al Ghadab operation he later died of his wounds.

Tk Yahroug Kl shy said another civilian was injured in the attack.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Wajdi Mustafa Shweibi
45 years old male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • Picture of the impact of shelling in Salaheddin
  • Pictures of the aftermath
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Picture of the alleged victim (via FMSC)

Geolocation notes (1) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Al Zuhour (الزهور), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.853889, 13.176667. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

  • Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Al Zuhour (الزهور).

    Imagery:
    Google Earth

Libyan National Army Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Libyan National Army
  • Libyan National Army position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (15) [ collapse]