Israeli Military in Syria & the Gaza Strip

A child uses his mobile device in the ruins of a building in Beit Lahia, Gaza Strip on May 26th 2021. © Mohamed Zaanoun

Belligerent
Country
Iraq
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS022

Incident date

October 6, 2015

Location

القريتين, Al Qaryatayn, Homs, Syria

Geolocation

34.22989, 37.238245 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

The Syrian Observatory reported an unspecified number of casualties from an alleged Russian strike at Qarayatain, a town to the south west of Palmyra. Qasioun also reported that “a raid by fighters of the Russian Air Force on Tuesday afternoon led to deaths and injuries among civilians, some serious, as well as widespread destruction of civilian buildings, and property.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • News report in which an activist confirms Russian raids on Al Qaryatayn. No mention of civilian casualties. (via, Media office of the rebels of Syria)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

No Russian airstrikes were publicly reported in Homs governorate for October 6th 2015.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS669

Incident date

December 25, 2023

Location

كُوبَانِي, Kobani, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.891111, 38.353611 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On the morning of Monday, December 25, 2023, two civilians working for a construction company were injured following alleged Turkish strikes on the city of Kobani (Ain Al-Arab) in northern Syria. According to ANF news, the strikes not only wounded two civilians, but also caused material damage to the citizens’ property.

The Facebook users Kobani Delbrin, Kobani live and Kobani Kobani alleged that Turkish forces were randomly bombing the city of Kobani, including not only the construction company, but also the Mashtanour Hospital (Health Centre) of the Kurdish Red Crescent, a car garage and a car repair shop. Kobani Delbrin and Kobani Hadath shared the images where clouds of smoke arising over the buildings in Kobani can be seen. A Facebook user Kobani my soul also reported about the attack on the Mashtanour health center, sharing images of the destroyed building in fire. North Press Agency news added that this health center was  operating with the support of an international organization (Doctors of the World).

Anha news reported that the Turkish military twice attacked  a company in the city of Kobani in the morning of December 25, but it is not clear whether it was the construction company whose workers were injured, or some other company.

The sources provided different estimations of the strike’s type – while ANF news and Kobani live wrote about the drone attack, Kobani Delbri mentioned both drones and airstrikes, and the North Press Agency reported about the airstrikes.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the attack to the Turkish military.

The incident occured in the morning.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (21) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
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    Source: Kobani Delbrin facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani my soul facebook
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    Source: Kobani my soul facebook
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    Source: Kobani my soul facebook
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    Source: Kobani my soul facebook
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    Source: Kobani my soul facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani Kobani facebook
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    Source: Kobani Kobani facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani Hadath facebook
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    Source: Kobani Hadath facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani Hadath facebook

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Kobani (كُوبَانِي), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.891111, 38.353611. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS659

Incident date

November 22, 2023

Location

ناحية تربة سبيه, Terbet Sabeh, Qamishlo district, Hassakah Governorate, Syria

Airwars assessment

On November 22nd, 2023, two people, including a 26-year-old man named Hassan Ismail Shaheen, originally from the Girke Legki (alternative spelling Girkê legê) district, were killed and others were injured in a strike allegedly perpetrated with a Turkish drone in Terbet Sabeh in the Qamishlo district (Hassakeh Governorate, Northeastern Syria); the event was reported by several local media outlets.

The Victims Documentation Center reported that two cars were hit by Turkish drones at the same time. The first occurred on the road connecting the city of Qamishlo to the Tirbe Spiyeh district, near the village of Shurak. This reportedly caused two deaths, one of whom was Hassan Ismail Shaheen. The second strike occurred near a gas station in the town of Tal Maarouf.

Hawar News reported that according to preliminary information from their correspondents, “there are injuries” but did not provide an exact toll.

Ahmad Al-Aidan posted a condolence message for his “brother and friend” Hassan Shaheen. A vigil was held in honor of Hassan Ismail Shaheen on Friday, November 24th, 2023 at the shrine of the martyr “Khabat Derik” at 11:00 am. His mother Sedîqa, his family and friends mourned the loss. Several people extended their condolences publicly on Facebook.

Both the Victims Documentation Center and Hawar Hibo attributed the drone strike to the Turkish forces.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Hassan Ismail Shaheen حسن شاهين
26 years old male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (6) [ collapse]

  • Source: Michael Mohammed facebook
  • Source: Ahmad Al-Aidan facebook
  • Source: Hawar Hibo facebook
  • Source: Ciwan Dudkani facebook
  • Source: Anha facebook
  • Source: ANF news

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2978

Incident date

February 5, 2018

Location

مرديخ, Mardkikh, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.81117, 36.79093 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Local sources reported that alleged Russian airstrikes destroyed public facilities and possibly wounded two civilians as the town of Mardkikh in Idlib was subject to aerial shelling.

Smart News Agency reported how “warplanes likely to be Russian launched raids on the town, one of which hit the house, causing great damage and injury to civilians.”

Smart News Agency was, however, the only source mentioning civilian harm, as the remaining merely mentioned the destruction of public facilities, namely two schools and the health center.

All sources attributed blame to Russian warplanes.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • The Mardkikh Health Center was left completely destroyed following the alleged Russian strike in Mardkikh, Idlib, February 5th, 2018 (via Hurrya News)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between February 1st - 28th 2018.


Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CS1097

Incident date

June 26, 2017

Location

الميادين, Al Mayadin, Al Samsam, Deir ez-Zor, Syria

Geolocation

35.009878, 40.422084 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Within 1m (via Coalition) level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In an incident not previously tracked by Airwars, the Coalition later confirmed the injuries of two civilians in an event near Al Mayadin, Syria.

Their September 2017 civilian casualty report noted: “During a strike on an ISIS IED factory, it was assessed that two civilians were unintentionally injured.”

The Coalition provided Airwars with the location of this incident, accurate to within a one-metre box. The location given is in the Sesam neighbourhood on the western outskirts of Al Mayadin.

It was later confirmed by Coalition officials that this event was unlikely to be a match to any of the incidents that we listed in Al Mayadin on this day (S959, S959a and S959b) due to their descriptions and locations.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Confirmed
    A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
  • Known attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (1) [ collapse]

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Known belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Credible / Substantiated
    The investigation assessed that although all feasible precautions were taken and the decision to strike complied with the law of armed conflict, unintended civilian casualties regrettably occurred.
  • Given reason for civilian harm
    No reason given
    Airwars’ assessment of belligerent’s civilian casualty statement
  • Initial Airwars grading
    Confirmed
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    2
  • Stated location
    near Al Mayadin, Syria
    Nearest population center
  • Location accuracy
    1 m
  • MGRS coordinate
    37SFU2975675062
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Sep 29, 2017
  • June 26, 2017, near Al Mayadin, Syria, via self-report: During a strike on an ISIS IED factory, it was assessed that two civilians were unintentionally injured.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For June 26th-27th, the Coalition reported: “Near Dawr Az Zawr, seven strikes engaged two ISIS tactical units and destroyed three vehicles, a tactical vehicle, two bunkers, two pump jacks, a front-end loader, an IED factory, an ISIS financial facility, and an ISIS headquarters.” It additionally reported that “On June 26, near Dayr Az Zawr, one strike destroyed an ISIS factory.”

Media
from belligerent (1) [ collapse]

  • For June 26th-27th, the Coalition reported: “Near Dawr Az Zawr, seven strikes engaged two ISIS tactical units and destroyed three vehicles, a tactical vehicle, two bunkers, two pump jacks, a front-end loader, an IED factory, an ISIS financial facility, and an ISIS headquarters.” It additionally reported that “On June 26, near Dayr Az Zawr, one strike destroyed an ISIS factory.” (via Coalition monthly casualty report (September 2017)

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Confirmed
    A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
  • Known attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2950

Incident date

January 30, 2018

Location

كفرزيتا, Kafr Zeita, Hama, Syria

Geolocation

35.3747033, 36.5923691 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An unspecified number of civilians were wounded in airstrikes on Kafr Zeita, according to local media. Sources all attributed the blame to Russia.

According to sources such as Al Latamna youth group, the raids struck a hospital, wounding patients at the vicinity.

There are no other details at this time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • The exact moment airstrikes hit a hospital in Kafr Zeita, Jan 30th 2018. (via Step News Agency)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3520

Incident date

July 17, 2018

Location

عين التينة, Ein al Teena, Quneitra, Syria

Airwars assessment

Up to 15 civilians including four women and five children were reported killed and others injured when Russian forces or Syrian regime forces attacked with airstrikes a school used as a shelter for IDPs in Ein al Teena in Quneitra, Syria on July 17th, 2018.

The Syrian Network for Human Rights said ” At least eight civilians, including children and women, most of them are from the same family, were killed as Syrian regime helicopters dropped barrel bombs on a school sheltering IDPs in Ein al Teena village in Quneitra governorate southern suburbs, on July 17th, 2018.”

@Obadaalshamii tweeted “The death of a whole family of ten people, in the town of Ain Al-Teenah in the countryside of Quneitra, after helicopters  targeted a school used as a shelter for displaced people in the countryside of Dara’a with explosive barrels.”

For Southern Syria Facebook page posted “A massacre of ten civilians, most of them are children and women, when a school building sheltering displaced people in the countryside of Quneitra was targeted.”

Shaam Network said that most of the victims belong to one family. “Activists from Dara’a Martyrs Documentation Office confirmed that at least ten displaced civilians were killed, and some injured are in critical conditions what might  raise the death toll. They also confirmed that among the martyrs was a whole family of displaced people from the city of Al-Hara, who fled for fear of bombing and killing.”

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights raised the death toll to fourteen. “The number of citizens who were killed and documented by the SOHR in the massacre which took place as a result of the bombardment on Ayn al-Tinah town today morning, July 17th, 2018 has risen to 14.”

@syria7ra said a compound of school was targeted with ‘high-explosive missiles.’

A Facebook page called ‘We are all the child martyr Hamza Ali al Khateeb’ posted “More than 15 martyrs of women and children displaced from Daraa to the Quneitra  countryside were killed by al-Assad this morning.”

Local sources blamed Russia only, the Syrian regime only or both of them.

The incident occured in the morning.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 15
  • (3–5 children2–4 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–10
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (34) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (21) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Two dead children in the aftermath of airstrikes, 17th July 2018. (via We are all the child martyr Hamza Ali al Khateeb)
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    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes, 17th July 2018. (via For Southern Syria)
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    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes, 17th July 2018. (via For Southern Syria)
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    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes, 17th July 2018. (via Euphrates Post)
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    An infant killed as a result of alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime's airstrike on a shelter for IDPs in Ain al Teenah in Quneitera, Syria on July 17th, 2018 (via @Obadaalshamii).
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A child killed as a result of alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime's airstrike on a shelter for IDPs in Ain al Teenah in Quneitera, Syria on July 17th, 2018 (via @Obadaalshamii).
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian killed as a result of alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime's airstrike on a shelter for IDPs in Ain al Teenah in Quneitera, Syria on July 17th, 2018 (via @3amaral7arery).
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Bodies of civilians killed in alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Ain Alteenah in Quneitera, Syria on July 17th, 2018 (via @AyatOrabi55.)
  • Destruction in civilian houses after an alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Ain Alteenah in Quneitera, Syria on July 17th, 2018 (via @AyatOrabi55.)
  • Destruction in civilian houses after an alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Ain Alteenah in Quneitera, Syria on July 17th, 2018 (via @AyatOrabi55.)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civilians, likely from the same family, killed in alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Ain alTeenah in Quneitera on July 17th, 2018 (via @okpazobany)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civilians, likely from the same family, killed in alleged Russian forces or Syrian regime airstrikes on Ain alTeenah in Quneitera on July 17th, 2018 (via @okpazobany)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 15
  • (3–5 children2–4 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–10
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (34) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3283

Incident date

March 16, 2018

Location

حرستا, Harasta, Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

33.55869, 36.36515 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least six civilians, including a child, were killed in airstrikes on residential areas of the city of Harasta on March 16th, as reported by several sources. It remains unclear whether the Russian military or the Syrian regime was responsible for the strike.

Six victims have been named, but Jobar News counted nine or 10 victims in total. Several sources mention “many injured”, but the exact numbers remain unclear.

@EuphratesPost reported that the airstrike was conducted by Russian warplanes, whereas others such as @SyrianScene accused the Syrian regime. Sources mention the use of cluster bombs.

Damascus News writes that airstrikes, rocket shelling and shelling with drones took place. The Syrian Civil Defence reported that the city was targeted with 35 Russian airstrikes, including eight raids with cluster bombs and four raids with napalm, 13 barrels from helicopters and more than 27 surface-to-surface missiles.

Harasta City Post blamed both Russia and the Syrian regime and reported 43 airstrikes in total, in addition to 45 surface-to-surface missiles, 17 explosive barrels and intensive artillery shelling on the city.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Child male brother of Ahmad Al Dagr killed
Adult male brother of Mohammed Al Dagr killed

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    6 – 10
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • Airstrikes on Harasta, March 16th 2018 (via @EuphratesPost).
  • Airstrikes on Harasta, March 16th 2018 (via @EuphratesPost).
  • Airstrikes on Harasta, March 16th 2018 (via @EuphratesPost).

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    6 – 10
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]