US-led Coalition in Iraq & Syria

Civilians in the ruins of Mosul city. (Maranie R. Staab)

Belligerent
US-led Coalition
Country
Iraq
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

CS168

Incident date

January 27, 2016

Location

الشدادي, Shadadi, Al-Hasakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.056316, 40.730438 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Four civilian men – three from the same family – were named as killed by ‘Coalition air force shelling’ near Shadadi, after earlier reports of aircraft from the western alliance circling over the town. The death toll was later raised to 10 by some sources.

According to Qasioun the deaths occured after Coalition aircraft struck the Kabiba oil wells: “Several fuel tanks owned by civilians were left burning.”

The Violations Documentation Centre identified four of the victims as:

Mohammad Hosain al-Hajini

Bashar Hosian al-Hajini

Qosai Hosain al-Hajini

Saleh al-Mowafaq

In their February 2020 civilian casualty report, the US-led Coalition assessed reports that they were responsible for civilian harm in this strike as “non-credible”, stating that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area at that time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed

The victims were named as:

Age unknown male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 10
  • (4 men)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Translation: International coalition planes circling the skies of al Shadai - May god have mercy

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • MGRS coordinate
    37SFV558915
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Feb 2, 2020
  • Jan. 27, 2016, in Shadadi, Syria, via Airwars report. After a review of all available records it was assessed that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area that corresponds to the report of civilian casualties. 2902/CS168 37SFV558915

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For January 26th-27th 2016, the Coalition publicly reported that “Near Al Hasakah, two strikes struck two separate ISIL tactical units and destroyed an ISIL fighting position.”

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 10
  • (4 men)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS487 CS169

Incident date

January 28, 2016

Location

عجاجا, Ajajah, Hasakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.21419, 40.71013 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to 15 civilians were killed including two children, following an airstrike on the village of Ajajah. The attack was initially attributed to the Coalition. However later reports blamed the deaths on Russia.

According to the Syrian Observatory “Two children and a man were killed and others injured in bombing by warplanes believed to be from the international coalition. They targeted areas in Ajajah village, which is controlled by so called Islamic State.

The Union of Hassakah Youth also initially blamed the attack on the Coalition, though later said Russia was responsible: “At about 13:00 Russian MiGs carried out a raid on Al Mafrak road connecting the villages of Ajaja and Al Hadadiya – targeting a filtering stations for crude oil and fuel sale points with two raids five minutes apart. A Russian MIG, white in colour, flew at low altitude. The first raid coincided with regime helicopters flying south to Deir Ezzor and the second raid coincided with the return of another helicopter coming from Deir Ezzor heading north. The two raids and the helicopters flying coincided with coalition planes flying in the skies of the area.”

The Syrian Network for Human Rights also blamed Russia, alleging that its warplanes launched six rockets on a civilians’ gathering point for selling crude oil. The put the death toll at nine with 15 others wounded.

Some of the victims were named by the Violations Documentation Center including one Unidentified – adult male from Raqqa. Three more civilian bodies were recovered from the scene on February 1st.

In their February 2020 civilian casualty report, the US-led Coalition assessed reports that they were responsible for civilian harm in this strike as “non-credible”, stating that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area at that time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Adult male killed
Adult male killed

Family members (2)

Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed

Family members (3)

Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed
Adult male from Raqqa killed
Age unknown male from Raqqa killed
Adult male from Raqqa killed
Adult male named on the 29th killed
Child male named on the 29th
Age unknown reported as seriously injured by Hasakhn News injured
Age unknown reported as seriously injured by Hasakhn News injured
Age unknown reported as seriously injured by Hasakhn News injured
Age unknown reported as seriously injured by Hasakhn News injured
Age unknown reported as seriously injured by Hasakhn News injured
Adult female reported as seriously injured by Hasakhn News injured
Child male reported as seriously injured by Hasakhn News injured
Age unknown reported as seriously injured by Hasakhn News injured
Age unknown reported as seriously injured by Hasakhn News injured

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    9 – 15
  • (1–2 children13 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    9–15
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, US-led Coalition

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Fadi Hussein al Jaseem, killed in an alleged Russian raid on Ajajah, January 28th 2016. (via Union of Hassaka's Youth)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian strike on Ajajah, January 28th 2016. (via Union of Hassaka's Youth)

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Unknown

In a report covering the period January 25th-February 1st 2016, Russia made no public mention of strikes in Al Hassakah governorate.

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • MGRS coordinate
    37SFA537090
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Feb 2, 2020
  • Jan. 28, 2016, in Ajajah, Syria, via Airwars report. After a review of all available records it was assessed that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area that corresponds to the report of civilian casualties. 2903/CS169 37SFA537090

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

There were no public reports of Coalition strikes in Al Hassakah governorate on January 27th-28th.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    9 – 15
  • (1–2 children13 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    9–15
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, US-led Coalition

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CS170

Incident date

January 29, 2016

Location

دادات, Dadat, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.634068, 37.936569 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A young child was killed in either a Coalition or a Russian airstrike near Al Dadat, on the road to Jarablus.

Ara News blamed the attack on Russia, while Shaam News and Halab Today among others said the US-led Coalition was responsible.

In their February 2020 civilian casualty report, the US-led Coalition assessed reports that they were responsible for civilian harm in this strike as “non-credible”, stating that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area at that time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Unknown

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • Translation: the martyrdom of a child and the injury of others following air raids on the village of al Dadat near the town of Manbij in the northern Aleppo countryside.
  • Translation: News just in: a child was killed following an air raid by coalition planes on the outskirts of the vilage of al dadat near the city of Manbij in the northern Aleppo countryside.
  • Translation: Aleppo: International coalition planes launch several air raids on the village of Al Dadat in the countryside of the town of Manbij in the northern countryside. (via RFS_North)
  • Translation: the martyrdom of a child and the injury of others following air raids on the village of al Dadat near the town of Manbij in the northern Aleppo countryside (via Manbej_Alhadath)

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • MGRS coordinate
    37SDA049548
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Feb 2, 2020
  • Jan. 29, 2016, in Dabat, Syria, via Airwars report. After a review of all available records it was assessed that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area that corresponds to the report of civilian casualties. 2904/CS170 37SDA049548

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For January 28th-29th 2016 the Coalition reported that “Near Manbij, two strikes struck two separate ISIL tactical units and destroyed an ISIL building.”

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Unknown

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CS171

Incident date

February 2, 2016

Location

الغازلي, Al Ghazili, Ar Raqqah, Syria

Geolocation

36.69735, 38.95634 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Within 100m (via Coalition) level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In an incident not previously tracked by Airwars, CENTCOM later confirmed the death of a civilian in a US airstrike in Al Ghazili, near Ayn Isa.

According to the official release, “On Feb. 2, 2016, in Al Ghazili, Syria, near Ayn Isa, during a strike on an ISIL vehicle, it is assessed that one civilian was killed after unexpectedly driving into the target area after weapons were already in flight.”

Our researchers have so far not been able to locate any additional reports relating to this incident.

In January 2017 the Coalition stated that that it had not been involved in a claimed civilian casualty event in Hama governorate on this date. However an official later informed Airwars that the correct date for this secondary allegation was February 15th 2016.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Confirmed
    A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
  • Known attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Prior to the Coalition releasing the MGRS for this incident, Airwars had geolocated it to the nearest village at 36.3106469, 39.0171129

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Known belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Credible / Substantiated
    The investigation assessed that although all feasible precautions were taken and the decision to strike complied with the law of armed conflict, unintended civilian casualties regrettably occurred.
  • Given reason for civilian harm
    Entered target area just prior to or after munition released
    Airwars’ assessment of belligerent’s civilian casualty statement
  • Initial Airwars grading
    Confirmed
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    1
  • Stated location
    in Al Ghazili, Syria, near Ayn Isa
    Nearest population center
  • Location accuracy
    100 m
  • MGRS coordinate
    37SDA961613
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Apr 22, 2016
  • On Feb. 2, 2016, in Al Ghazili, Syria, near Ayn Isa, during a strike on an ISIL vehicle, it is assessed that one civilian was killed after unexpectedly driving into the target area after weapons were already in flight.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

Near Ayn Isa, one strike struck an ISIL tactical unit and destroyed an ISIL vehicle.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Confirmed
    A specific belligerent has accepted responsibility for civilian harm.
  • Known attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CI184

Incident date

February 4, 2016

Location

يت, Hit, Anbar, Iraq

Geolocation

36.1984343, 40.7096672 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Several sources reported that an alleged Coalition air strike had hit the Qalqah area of Hit City, resulting in the deaths of up to six civilians and the wounding of 11 others, most of them women and children.

Photographs obtained by the Iraqi Spring Media Center appeared to show significant damage, with a number of collapsed homes. One of the civilians killed was later named

Responding to a request for clarification about possible involvement given declared UK strikes ‘around Ramadi and Fallujah’ that day, the MoD told Airwars that “after extensive research, we can confirm that there was no UK involvement” in the alleged event at Hit.

In their February 2020 civilian casualty report, the US-led Coalition assessed reports that they were responsible for civilian harm in this strike as “non-credible”, stating that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area at that time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Age unknown male (via Heat city of Peace FB account) killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 6
  • Civilians reported injured
    8–11
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • A photo shows a destroyed site by an alleged Coalition airstrike February 4th 2016, which reportedly killed six civilians (via Iraqi Spring Media Center)
  • The picture of the victim Othman Nasser Al Khairi Abdul Rahman who was killed in the alleged coalition airstrike (via Heat city of Peace FB account)
  • The picture shows the destroyed site of an alleged Coalition airstrike February 4th 2016, which reportedly killed 6 civilians (via Iraqi Spring Media Center)
  • A picture shows the destroyed site of an alleged Coalition airstrike February 4th 2016, which reportedly killed 6 civilians (via Iraqi Spring Media Center)
  • A picture shows the destroyed site of an alleged Coalition airstrike February 4th 2016, which reportedly killed 6 civilians (via Iraqi Spring Media Center)

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • MGRS coordinate
    38SKC987237
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Feb 2, 2020
  • Feb. 4, 2016, in Hit, Iraq, via Airwars report. After a review of all available records it was assessed that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area that corresponds to the report of civilian casualties. 2894/CI184 38SKC987237

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

No Coalition strikes were publicly reported at Hit between February 3rd-5th 2015, although a total of seven airstrikes were reported at nearby Ramadi.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 6
  • Civilians reported injured
    8–11
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CI185

Incident date

February 6, 2016

Location

الرمادي, Ramadi (Al Bosaleh), Anbar, Iraq

Geolocation

33.437441, 43.286666 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

There were reports of two or three civilian homes in Al Bosaleh village east of Ramadi were struck by the Coalition in the morning, killing at least 17 civilians – including up to 13 from the Alibohvd clan.

Yaqen included a reported image (right) of one of the destroyed homes. However, the site also suggested that the Iraq Army may have been responsible for the fatalities.

In its July 2017 civilian casualty report, the Coalition said it could not determine involvement in the event: “Feb. 6, 2016, near Ramadi, Iraq, via Airwars report: The report contained insufficient information of the time, location and details to assess its credibility.”

Airwars has requested additional clarification.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    17 – 21
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (4) [ collapse]

CJTF–OIR Declassified Assessment and Press Release

Attached to this civilian harm incident is a provisional reconciliation of the Pentagon's declassified assessment of this civilian harm allegation, based on matching date and locational information.

The declassified documents were obtained by Azmat Khan and the New York Times through Freedom of Information requests and lawsuits filed since March 2017, and are included alongside the corresponding press release published by the Pentagon. Airwars is currently analysing the contents of each file, and will update our own assessments accordingly.

Declassified Assessment Press Release

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    Insufficient information on the time and location
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • Stated location
    near Ramadi, Iraq
    Nearest population center

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Jul 7, 2017
  • The report contained insufficient information of the time, location and details to assess its credibility.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

The Coalition has confirmed a number of strikes in the vicinity on February 5th-6th 2016: “Near Ramadi, three strikes struck a large ISIL tactical unit and destroyed five ISIL fighting positions, two ISIL heavy machine guns, an ISIL recoilless rifle, and an ISIL fuel transporter, six ISIL weapons caches, an ISIL command and control node, an ISIL front end loader, and an ISIL vehicle borne improvised explosive device (VBIED) facility.”

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    17 – 21
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CI186

Incident date

February 10, 2016

Location

حي الكرامة, Mosul, Karama, Nineveh, Iraq

Geolocation

36.3435269, 43.2140027 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

 A number of sources reported that at least seven civilian forced labourers were killed in an alleged Coalition on a Daesh pickup truck. The incident took place in the main street area of Karama, a neighbourhood to the east of Mosul.

NRN News said that the civilians were being used by Daesh as forced labourers to demolish graves in the city. At the time of their deaths “, they were on their way back to prison before their release.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes (1) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention the main street in the neighbourhood of Karama (الكرامة) in the east of Mosul. The generic coordinates for this main street are: 36.3435269, 43.2140027.

  • The neighbourhood of Karama (الكرامة) in the east of Mosul, the main street marked in black

    Imagery:
    © 2019 Google

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For February 10th-11th 2016, the Coalition confirmed it had targeted a vehcle in the city, reporting that “Near Mosul, three strikes struck an ISIL tactical unit and destroyed an ISIL checkpoint, seven ISIL fighting positions, an ISIL vehicle, and an ISIL assembly area.“

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CI187

Incident date

February 10, 2016

Location

حي المزارع, Mosul, Mazari / Farms, Nineveh, Iraq

Geolocation

36.32211, 43.1832218 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An alleged Coalition targeted strike on a secret ISIL medical facility reportedly killed 16 doctors, seven Daesh fighters and an unspecified number of patients according to a single source.

According to NINA, “the international Coalition carried out airstrikes in eastern Mosul which targeted a secret hospital for Daesh elements. The attack killed 16 Daesh doctors including Iraqis and Syrians, in addition to killing 7 ISIL members and their patients who were asleep at the hospital – which was in a big house.”

In their February 2020 civilian casualty report, the US-led Coalition assessed reports that they were responsible for civilian harm in this strike as “non-credible”, stating that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area at that time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    16
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (3) [ collapse]

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • MGRS coordinate
    38SLF369212
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Feb 2, 2020
  • Feb. 10, 2016, in Mosul, Iraq, via Airwars report. After a review of all available records it was assessed that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area that corresponds to the report of civilian casualties. 2895/CI187 38SLF369212

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For February 10th-11th 2016, the Coalition reported that “Near Mosul, three strikes struck an ISIL tactical unit and destroyed an ISIL checkpoint, seven ISIL fighting positions, an ISIL vehicle, and an ISIL assembly area.“

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    16
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (3) [ collapse]