Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

Turkish Military in Iraq & Syria

An internally displaced Kurdish family in northern Iraq, 2016 (Maranie R. Staab)

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Incident Code

TS480

Incident date

December 21, 2021

Location

زركان, Zarkan, Hassakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.675824, 40.437171 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least three civilians, including two women, were killed and up to nine others, including three children, were injured in alleged Turkish artillery or airstrikes on the town of Zarkan and surrounding areas on December 21, 2021.

According to Hawar News, three civilians were killed and four other civilians were injured when Turkish forces bombed the town of Zarkan. Hawar also provided the names of the victims: “Malikat Ahmed Al-Eid, 30, and her elderly mother, Faslat Al-Eid, 60” from the village of Rabi’at, and the citizen Saleh Hamid from the village of Al-Asadiya as well as the injury of 4 civilians, the 50-year-old citizen “Ahmed Mohammed Al-Fars“, and 3 children “Judy Al-Eid, 4 years old, Juri Al-Eid, 11 years old, and Ahmed Al-Eid, 8 years old,” in addition to the injury of 3 members of the Damascus government forces in the town of Zarkan.

Rumaf News also reported that three civilians were killed, including a woman and her child, and the injury of three children, in addition to six other people injured in the Zarkan countryside. Rumaf attributed the casualties to Turkish artillery shelling. Syrian Observatory for Human Rights pointed out that of the “more than six others injured in separate areas in the countryside” some were in serious condition and had been transferred to Qamishli hospitals.

All of the sources that reported on the incident identified Turkish forces as being responsible.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (5)

malikat 'ahmad aleid ملكة أحمد العيد
30 years old female from the village of Rabi’at killed
Faslat Al-Eid فصلة العيد
60 years old female from the village of Rabi’at killed
Judy Al-Eid
4 years old injured
Juri Al-Eid جوري العيد
11 years old injured
Ahmed Al-Eid
8 years old injured

The victims were named as:

Saleh Hamid صالح حميد
60 years old from the village of Al-Asadiy killed
Ahmed Mohammed Al-Fars أحمد محمد الفارس
50 years old injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    4–9
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military
  • Belligerents reported injured
    3

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • Damage caused by Turkish artillery shelling of the villages of the Zarkan countryside on December 21, 2021. (Image posted by Syrian Observatory for Human Rights)
  • Damage caused by Turkish artillery shelling of the villages of the Zarkan countryside on December 21, 2021. (Image posted by Syrian Observatory for Human Rights)
  • Damage caused by Turkish artillery shelling of the villages of the Zarkan countryside on December 21, 2021. (Image posted by Syrian Observatory for Human Rights)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Zarkan (زركان), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.675824, 40.437171. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    4–9
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military
  • Belligerents reported injured
    3

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS512

Incident date

June 1, 2022

Location

شيشة, Shisha, Raqqa, Syria

Geolocation

36.692957, 38.948765 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Subdistrict level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least two civilians, including a child and a woman from the same family, were injured in alleged Turkish shelling of the villages of Gorik and Sheshi in western Gire Spi on June 1, 2022.

Hawar News also reported that a woman and a child were injured in Turkish shelling of Sheshi village in the western countryside of Girê Spi. The source also provided the names of those injured: Kawthar Hajj Khalil, 45, was seriously injured, and Mizgin Hajj Khalil, 11, was seriously injured and subsequently transferred to the Kobani city hospital.

North Press Agency spoke with Muhammad Hajj Khalil, the father of the injured girl, who said that “a shell exploded near his house in the village, wounding his daughter, Nadia Hajj Khalil, 13, with shrapnel in the hand.” Khalil said that his cousin’s wife was also seriously injured in the face by the explosion of the shell. She was taken directly to a hospital in Raqqa for treatment. “About ten shells landed in the other villages,” he said.

Syrian Observatory for Human Rights also documented the injury of two civilians due to “Turkish forces and their proxies in “Peace Spring” areas fired rocket launchers on the village”.

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the strikes to Turkey.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Kawthar Hajj Khalil
45 years old female injured
Mizgin Hajj Khalil
11 years old injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Damage caused by alleged Turkish shelling on a house near Kobani city on June 1, 2022. (Image posted by North Press Agency)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Shisha (شيشة), allegedly located in the western area of Tell Abyad (تل ابيض) subdistrict. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further. The generic coordinates for Tell Abyad subdistrict are: 36.692957, 38.948765.

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Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS542

Incident date

August 9, 2022

Location

السلماسة, Al Salmsaa, Hassakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.640463, 40.292959 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian was reported killed on August 9th 2022 in the village of Al-Salmsaa, southwest of Tal Tamr district in Syria, as a result of alleged Turkish military artillery.

The incident was reported to have taken place at approximately 3:30am in the morning, which allegedly resulted in the death of Ibrahim Mohammad Hashi, aged 55. He was reportedly displaced from the village of Al-Sebatiya, northwest of Tal Tamr district.

Hashi was severely injured in this attack and was taken to Hasaka Hospital where he was confirmed dead.

The incident occured at 03:30:00 local time.

The victims were named as:

Ibrahim Muhammad Hashi
55 years old male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Al Salmsaa (السلماسة), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.640463, 40.292959. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS571

Incident date

November 23, 2022

Location

علي اغا, Ali Agha, Al Hassakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.90373, 41.89885 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Three civilians were injured by alleged Turkish airstrikes on the village of Ali Agha on November 23, 2022.

ANF reported that three people were wounded by Turkish bombardment of the village of Ali Agha in Tal Koçer. Two of the wounded were taken to Derik Hospital, while the other, who suffered a serious injury, was transferred to Qamishli Hospital.

A Facebook post by Metin Bekes reported that civilians were injured and identified four raids as being carried out by Turkish forces against the village of Ali Agha.

Alyaum TV and Metin Bekes both posted on Facebook that casualties resulted from Turkish strikes without specifying how many.

All of the sources that reported on the incident attributed the strikes to Turkey.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Alleged Turkish bombardment of the village of Ali Agha on November 23, 2022. (Image posted by Ciwan Ibrahîm via Facebook)
  • Alleged Turkish bombardment of the village of Ali Agha on November 23, 2022. (Image posted by دجلة - الجزيرة السورية via Facebook)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Ali Agha (علي اغا), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.90373, 41.89885. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS605

Incident date

June 20, 2023

Location

قرية تل شعير, Tel Shaeir road, Al Hasakah, Syria

Airwars assessment

On Tuesday June 20th 2023, an alleged drone strike by Turkish armed forces hit a car in the village of Beyandur, east of the city of Qamishli, northeast Syria, killing three civilians, two Kurdish local officials and their driver, and injuring another local official.

Sources including SOHR, NPA and Reuters reported three civilians being killed by a drone attack in a car belonging to the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES), including Yusra Darwish, the co-chair of the Qamishli Region Council; Leyman Shoish, the Deputy Co-chair; and Farat Toma, their driver. As a result of the attack also Gabi Shamoun, the other Co-chair, was injured while they were all on their way to visiting AANES institutions.

SOHR, NPA and Reuters also reported that the attack took place on Tel Shaeir road, in the area between Al-Qamishly and Amudah cities in northern Al-Hasakah province in Syria’s Kurdish-run northeast. In addition, NPA reported a statement released by the Women’s Coordination of the AANES denouncing the drone attacks of the Turkish armed forces against civilians in the area under the alleged false-flag of protecting the national security of the region. Moreover, according to the statement, the attack is reported to “coincide with the AANES’s announcement of its intention to start the trial of leaders and militants of the Islamic State (ISIS)”, which Turkey allegedly wanted to prevent. Additionally, as reported by ABC (AP), on the same day of the attack, a two-day round of talks opened in the Kazakh capital, Astana, “aimed at resolving the broader conflict in Syria among officials from Russia, Iran, Türkiye and Syria.”

The suspected attacker is alleged to be Turkey, as reported by most of the sources including SOHR, NPA, Reuters and ABC (AP), although responsibility has been contested by Turkish authorities, as reported by Reuters, claiming their “intelligence agency had “neutralised” a senior figure in the Kurdish YPG, or People’s Protection Units, in the area of Tal Rifaat some 27 km northwest of Tal Shaeer. It named the figure as Ridvan Ulugana and said he had been active in operations targeting the Turkish military. It did not say that any civilians were killed, or mention Tal Shaeer.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Yusra Darwish
Age unknown female co-chair of the Qamishli Region Council killed
Leyman Shoish
Age unknown female Deputy Co-chair killed
Farat Toma
Age unknown male killed
Gabi Shamoun
Age unknown Co-chair, injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military
  • Suspected target
    YPG/SDF

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (7) [ collapse]

  • Destruction to a car caused by alleged Turkish drone strikes on Tel Shaeir road on June 20, 2023. (Image posted by Syrian Observatory for Human Rights)
  • Yusra Darwish, the co-chair of the Qamishli Region Council; Leyman Shoish, the Deputy Co-chair; and Farat Toma, their driver killed by alleged Turkish drone strikes on Tel Shaeir road on June 20, 2023. (Image posted by North Press Agency)
  • Yusra Darwish, the co-chair of the Qamishli Region Council; Leyman Shoish, the Deputy Co-chair; and Farat Toma, their driver killed by alleged Turkish drone strikes on Tel Shaeir road on June 20, 2023. (Image posted by Hawar News)
  • Destruction to a car caused by alleged Turkish drone strikes on Tel Shaeir road on June 20, 2023. (Image posted by Hawar News)
  • Alleged Turkish drone strikes on Tel Shaeir road on June 20, 2023. (Image posted by Fakhereddin Abdi via Facebook)
  • Destruction to a car caused by alleged Turkish drone strikes on Tel Shaeir road on June 20, 2023. (Image posted by Fakhereddin Abdi via Facebook)

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military
  • Suspected target
    YPG/SDF

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS635

Incident date

October 5, 2023

Location

قرية جلبية/, M4 international road, 45km southeast from the city of Kobani, near Jalabiya (Kharab Ashk) village, Kobani, Syria

Airwars assessment

At 10:45 in the morning on Thursday, 5th October 2023, Turkish drone strikes allegedly killed two civilian men riding a motorcycle on the M4 international road, 45 km southeast from the city of Kobani, and injured up to two other civilians. According to the local sources, the incident happened near the village of Jalabiya (Kharab Ashk) in the countryside of Ayn Al-Arab (Kobani).

The deceased men have been named as Kilo Adbi from the village of Touqli and Hazouf (Horouf) Ali Rami Haval Bahuz. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) reported that they were workers of the military fortification tunnels, riding a Turkish motorcycle. Local news agency Hawar News reported that two other civilians were wounded in the drone strike.

Birjav FM reported that their motorcycle was on the M4 international road, 45 km southeast from the city of Kobani. Facebook users such as Kobanê Warê Me posted images of the victims and the destroyed motorcycle, which lay scattered and burned on the ground.

Kilo Abdi, a middle-aged man with a moustache is seen in the images with his two small children.

Hazouf Ali Rami was remembered in a Facebook tribute by his wife’s brothers Rizan Hes Hamin and Juan Hes Hamin. They shared the images of the late Hazouf, a middle aged man with a moustache while doing some manual work and standing near a bonfire.

This incident was part of a series of drone strikes and bombings on the 5th October across northeastern Syria which targeted infrastructure, service facilities alongside gas and oil stations.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strike to the Turkish military.

The incident occured at 10:45:00 local time.

The victims were named as:

Kilo Abdi كيلو عبدي
Adult male killed
Hazouf Ali Rami حزوف علي رمي
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (2 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (9) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani Ware me facebook

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani Ware me facebook

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani Ware me facebook

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani News facebook

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kobani News facebook

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: National Geographic Kobani facebook

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: National Geographic Kobani facebook

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rizan Hes Hamin facebook

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Juan Hes Hamin facebook

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (2 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS230

Incident date

February 26, 2018

Location

جيلمية, Celemeye, Jindires, Afrin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.356111, 36.769722 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Local media reported the injury of one civilian in an alleged Turkish shelling of Celemeye, Syria.

According to SDF Press, Turkey fired mortar shells on the village, “causing civilian casualties”.

7al reported that “the administration of the hospital Afrin said that the civilian Mohammed Omar Hamo (48 years) arrived at the hospital with several shrapnel wounds as a result of the bombing of the Turkish army on the village of Jalma, in the area of ​​Jindires”.

Yikiti media said that “many civilians were injured by this brutal bombing”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Omar Hammo
48 years old male injured

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Omar Hammo, injured in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Celemeye, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via Yikiti media)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Omar Hammo, injured in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Celemeye, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via IC AFrin resistance)

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Omar Hammo, injured in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Celemeye, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via IC AFrin resistance)
  • Omar Hammo, injured in an alleged Turkish airstrike on Celemeye, Jindires, Afrin, 26th February 2018. (via IC AFrin resistance)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Celemeye, Jindires, Afrin (جيلمية), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.356111, 36.769722. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS298

Incident date

October 9, 2019

Location

Se Girka, Qamishli, Hasaka , Syria

Geolocation

36.844444, 41.047778 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A child aged six was reported injured or killed in an alleged Turkish forces artillery strike on Se Girka village in Qamishli countryside, October 9th 2019, according to local media sources.

ANF news also reported that “in the same area, the Turkish forces attacked a vehicle belonging to civilians.”

@twkiedisqueen and @RojavaNetwork said the child was killed, while other sources said they were wounded.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • (0–1 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Se Girka, Qamishli, for which the generic coordinates are: 36.844444, 41.047778. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • (0–1 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]