Civilian Casualties

Civilian Casualties

Incident Code

USSOM214

Incident date

April 14, 2019

Location

3 km away from Xiriiro, on the way to Hol Anod, Bari, Somalia

Geolocation

9.974438, 50.277735 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

The US military carried out an airstrike against ISIS-Somalia in the vicinity of Xiriiro, Bari Region, killing one high value militant and at least one other alleged fighter.

According to AFRICOM – which took the unusual step of publicly naming the target within 24 hours of the operation – the strike killed Abdulhakim Dhuqub, second in command of ISIS-Somalia who was reportedly responsible for daily operations of the extremist group, including attack planning and resource procurement.

The press release further asserted that only Dhuqub was killed in the attack, and that one vehicle was also destroyed. US Africa Command said it currently assessed that no civilians were harmed in the strike.

AP indicated that two or more died in the strike: “Puntland’s security minister Abdisamad Mohamed Galan also confirmed the killing of the extremist leader in the U.S. airstrike, which said also killed other members of the group, without giving further details. The airstrike occurred as the extremists were traveling to their base in the remote mountainous villages in the region, said a Somali intelligence official. He spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak to the press.”

According to Voice of America, two people died in the attack: “Abdisamad Mohamed Gallan, security Minister of the Puntland region, told VOA Somali the airstrike that killed Abdihakim Mohamed Ibrahim,  known as Dhoqob, took place Sunday between the villages of Hol Anod and Hiriro.

“Gallan said the strike hit the vehicle Dhoqob and another passenger were travelling in. He said both men were killed but the other person has not yet been identified. ‘The vehicle was burned,’ said a witness who didn’t want to be named.”

VOA reporter Harun Maruf also tweeted a video which he said showed the burnt out shell of the struck vehicle on a remote sandy road: “Video purportedly shows the burning vehicle that Abdihakim Dhoqob (aka Abdihakim Dhoqobeed) was riding in when hit by an airstrike near Hiriro village, Bari region. Puntland Security minister Abdisamad Mohamed Gallan tells me that Dhoqob was killed in the strike.”

According to Reuters “A witness said a 4×4 vehicle was hit by several missiles 3 km (2 miles) outside the village of Xiriiro in the Qandala hills at 1 p.m. (1000 GMT) on Sunday.”

“Several missiles hit a Suzuki car. Then helicopters hovered over the scene,” Mohamed Iid, a resident of Xiriiro, told Reuters. “It was a deafening air strike. We reached the scene after the helicopters left. The car completely melted.”

Fox News noted that “Not much is known about Dhuqub; his name does not appear on the State Dept.’s Reward for Justice website normally reserved for top terrorists and there is not much information publicly available online. ISIS-Somalia is a relatively small terrorist group consisting of roughly 125 fighters, according to officials.”

The Long War Journal provided some context foir the strike: “Dhuqub, whose real name was Abdihakim Mohamed Ibrahim, was the overall deputy emir of ISS. He assumed this role after the death of the previous deputy emir, Mahad Moalim, in Mogadishu late last year… In 2018, ISS was able to expand its operation across Somalia. Last year, it claimed 66 offensives alone; while in the previous two years combined it only claimed 39 attacks. It also also been able to reach into central Somalia, which was previously untouched by the Islamic State wing, as well as Mogadishu and its surroundings. According to local officials, it has also been collecting taxes on civilians and businesses in rural Puntland as well as in the port city of Bosaso.

“Its operational tempo has not slowed despite a renewed Shabaab effort against the group. So far this year it has already claimed 26 assaults, according to data compiled by FDD’s Long War Journal. Yesterday’s strike that killed Dhuqub was the first by the US military that targeted ISS’ network in Somalia since Nov. 2017. AFRICOM hit ISS four times that month. No senior ISS leaders were killed in those strikes.”

The incident occured at approximately 1:00 pm local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Declared strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Unknown
  • Known attacker
    US Forces
  • Known target
    ISIS - Somalia
  • Belligerents reported killed
    1

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (7) [ collapse]

  • Burnt out vehicle in which ISIS number two in Somalia Abdihakim Dhoqob died in a US strike on April 14th 2019 (via VOA)
  • Reported site of a confirmed US strike on April 15th which killed ISIS's deputy leader in Somalia (via Garowe)
  • Burnt out shell of vehcile destroyed in a US strike in Somalia, April 15th 2019 (via Garowe)

Geolocation notes (2) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention that the strike targeted a vehicle between the villages Xiriiro and Hol Anod (or Hul Canood), 3 kilometers outside of Xiriiro in the Qandala hills. The coordinates for Xiriiro are: 9.97824, 50.25085; the coordinates for Hol Anod/Hul Canood are: 9.68385, 50.60734. And the coordinates for the area 3 kilometers outside of Xiriiro, on the way to Hol Anod, are: 9.974438, 50.277735. Due to limited information and satellite imagery available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

  • The villages Xiriiro and Hol Anod, with surrounding roads marked in yellow and a 3 kilometer radius around Xiriiro marked in red

    Imagery:
    Google Earth

  • The coordinates for the area 3 kilometers outside of Xiriiro (marked in red), on the way to Hol Anod, are: 9.974438, 50.277735

    Imagery:
    Google Earth

US Forces Assessment:

  • Known belligerent
    US Forces
  • US Forces position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

US Forces

"U.S. confirms airstrike against ISIS-Somalia’s Abdulhakim Dhuqub.
In coordination with the Federal Government of Somalia's continued efforts to degrade violent extremist organizations, U.S. Africa Command conducted an airstrike in the vicinity of Xiriiro, Bari Region, Somalia, on April 14, 2019, killing Abdulhakim Dhuqub, a high ranking ISIS-Somalia official."

Summary

  • Strike status
    Declared strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Unknown
  • Known attacker
    US Forces
  • Known target
    ISIS - Somalia
  • Belligerents reported killed
    1

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC115a

Incident date

April 14, 2019

Location

عين زارة, Ain Zara, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.820349, 13.266284 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One man with uncler combatant status was allegedly killed by indiscriminate LNA shelling on Ain Zara.

Fathi M. El Krewi said: “He had an appointment with the death when the third shell struck and was on a solid ground, which is the paved road … As if someone was following these shells and giving their coordinates in order to fall on the hard ground and hit as many people as possible, including Brigadier General Msaddek.”

Tanasuh reported that he was a retired Brigadier General who “went out to defend the city” due to the incoming LNA attack.

His family later filed a lawsuit against LNA leader Khalifa Haftar claiming: “33. On April 4, 2019 [sic], Msaddek Tunalli was evacuating women and children from an area
being indiscriminately bombed by Haftar’s forces in the in the Ayan Zarah District.
34. Haftar’s forces were randomly shelling the entire area.
35. At approximately 4:45pm, one of the mortars fell on Msaddek Tunalli, killing him.
36. The medical examiner stated that Msaddek Tunalli’s death is a result of multiple
infliction wounds to the head, shoulders, stomach, and arms, which resulted in severe
skull damage and sever damage to the brain and internal bleeding in the brain. The
weapons used were multiple artillery rounds and mortar shells. The heart, lungs and
stomach were severely punctured with internal bleeding as well, which resulted in
loss of oxygen to the brain and suffocation. The right elbow was fractured. The angle
of penetration was from the back, from the right side of the brain and from the back
side of the arms, while the angle of exit was from the stomach area.
37. The medical examiner stated that Msaddek Tunalli’s body was free of alcohol or any
other poisonous substances.
38. The medical examiner found two shrapnel fragments in the front side of Msaddek
Tunalli’s lungs and has preserved them.
39. The indiscriminate shelling was not necessary on behalf of Haftar.
40. The indiscriminate shelling was the direct cause of Msaddek Tunalli’s death.

41. Msaddek Tunalli was a husband to Plaintiff Aida Elzagally and a father to six
children: Plaintiffs Ayah Tunalli, Alaa Tunalli, Abdulhameed Tunalli, Adbulrrauf
Tunalli, Muhammad Tunalli, and Adbuladeem Tunalli.
42. The Plaintiffs named above are not left without a husband and father and the only
financial support.
43. Plaintiffs Ayah Tunalli, Alaa Tunalli, Abdulhameed Tunalli, Adbulrrauf Tunalli,
Muhammad Tunalli, and Adbuladeem Tunalli are severely traumatized by the loss of
their father.
44. Due to the loss of her father, Ayah Tunalli is psychologically unstable and having
nightmares.”

Additionally Riyadh Burshan, Al Jazeera and Ein Libya reported that civilian infrastructure was targeted in the area as a book store of the Ministry of Education was hit and “5 million textbooks burned by the fires of war in Libya”.

The incident occured at 16:45:00 local time.

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 1
  • (0–1 men)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army
  • Belligerents reported killed
    0–1

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (7) [ collapse]

  • TV report on the incident
  • Book store allegedly targeted by LNA shelling on April 14th, 2019 (via Riyadh Burshan)
  • Book store allegedly targeted by LNA shelling on April 14th, 2019 (via Riyadh Burshan)
  • Book store allegedly targeted by LNA shelling on April 14th, 2019 (via Riyadh Burshan)
  • Book store allegedly targeted by LNA shelling on April 14th, 2019 (via Riyadh Burshan)
  • Msaddek Tunalli, allegedly killed by LNA shelling on April 14th, 2019 (via Bl5a.bl5a)
  • Msaddek Tunalli, allegedly killed by LNA shelling on April 14th, 2019 (via Aiyda Al Tounali)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention Ain Zara (عين زارة), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.816556 13.267525. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Libyan National Army Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Libyan National Army
  • Libyan National Army position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 1
  • (0–1 men)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army
  • Belligerents reported killed
    0–1

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC115

Incident date

April 14, 2019

Location

قصر بن غشير, Qasr Bin Gashir, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.688716, 13.173889 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between three and four civilians were reportedly killed in a GNA airstrike on Qasr Bin Gashir.

Oil Crescent News wrote: “A plane from the Misurata Air College led by a mercenary bombed the Al Dhawahi Al Ahliyya company, leaving three Sudanese workers dead and three injured employees who were present in the building.”

The LNA Spox said four Sudanese workers were killed and also accused a plane from Misurata of conducting the strike.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 4
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Government of National Accord

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • Pictures allegedly take at the site of the incident
  • More images of the incident
  • Video of the alleged aftermath of the incident

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention Qasr Bin Gashir (قصر بن غشير), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.688716 13.173889. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Government of National Accord Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Government of National Accord
  • Government of National Accord position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 4
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Government of National Accord

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CS1917

Incident date

April 13, 2019

Location

الطكيحي, Al Takihi, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Geolocation

35.171318, 40.472238 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between midnight and 5 am on the morning of April 13th five people were reportedly killed in what was described as a “landing operation” by the US-led Coalition in Al-Takihi village. According to Jisir TV, the operation was carried out by several Apache helicopters and Hummer vehicles. It was, however, unclear who killed the victims (whose combat status was uncertain). Some sources blamed the Coalition, while the Syrian Network for Human Rights said that the victims were shot by the SDF.

Al Masdar reported that “during the raid, the U.S. military came under heavy gunfire from the suspected Islamic State fighters inside the home” but that “eventually, the U.S. military was able to overwhelm them, killing five suspects, including one woman.”

It is unclear at this time whether all the victims were members of ISIS or not. The house reportedly belonged to a member of ISIS, who was hiding inside. Among the victims were two former ISIS members who, according to Deir Ezzor 24, had “defected” several months ago. The two victims were brothers of the house owner, according to local sources.

Two other men and a woman with Iraqi nationality were reported killed as well.  Local news outlets Baladi and Jorf claimed these three were also members of ISIS. Considering that ISIS does not recruit women, she is considered a non-combatant and will therefore be included in the civilian casualty count of Airwars.

Step News added that eight others were wounded.

A number of people were also reported arrested. According to Step News, the father of the two brothers was arrested. Jisir TV added that his other son Ra’ed was arrested as well. According to Al Masdar, however, the “U.S. military” arrested eight of the suspects, who the source reported “of Iraqi and Syrian descent”. The eight arrested people could have been among the eight wounded.

However, the Syrian Network for Human Rights reported that the victims were killed by the SDF. The Network reported: “Five civilians, including a woman, were shot dead by Syrian Democratic forces supported by a helicopter of International Coalition forces in a raid on a house in al Takehi village which is administratively a part of al Bseira city in Deir Ez-Zour governorate eastern suburbs, on April 13.”

On March 10, 2022 in the CJTF-OIR Civilian Casualty Report, the Coalition reported this incident to be “non-credible”, stating that “This allegation was closed due to a lack of corroborating Coalition strikes at the time and location of the alleged incident.”

The incident occured between 12:00 am and 5:00 am local time.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Age unknown male Son of Aboud Al-Shuaibi (1) killed
Age unknown male Son of Aboud Al-Shuaibi (2) killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground)
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 5
  • (1 woman0–4 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    8
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Syrian Democratic Forces
  • Suspected target
    ISIS
  • Belligerents reported killed
    0–4

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Coordinates released by the Coalition place the event at 35.17132, 40.47223

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

Between April 7 - 20, 2019, CJTF-OIR reported it conducted no strikes in Syria.

Syrian Democratic Forces Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Democratic Forces
  • Syrian Democratic Forces position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground)
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 5
  • (1 woman0–4 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    8
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Syrian Democratic Forces
  • Suspected target
    ISIS
  • Belligerents reported killed
    0–4

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISSY-120419

Incident date

April 13, 2019

Location

مصياف, Massyaf, Hama, Syria

Airwars assessment

At least one belligerent was killed and between six and 17 were injured in alleged Israeli strikes on the town of Massyaf in the Hama Countryside between April 12th and April 13th, 2019.

Arab News quoted Syrian Arab News Agency as stating “an Israeli airstrike on a military position in central Syria early Saturday wounded six soldiers and destroyed several buildings” and quoted Syrian Observatory for Human Rights as stating “the airstrikes hit three targets, wounding 17 Syrian soldiers. It said there were also deaths, but it was not immediately clear how many were killed and whether they were Iranians or Iran-sponsored fighters.”

Step News included details “URGENT Initial reports speak of one dead and six wounded from the army of the regime as a result of Israeli raids on the area of Musayaf west of Hama,.”

In addition, “around 2:30 a.m. … the Israeli air force carried out a strike targeting one of our military positions in the town of Misyaf,” in Hama province north of Damascus, SANA quoted a military source as saying.

Euphrates Post reported “Israeli air strikes on the College of Accounting and Administration in the city of Misyaf in the western countryside of Hama, killing and wounding a number of elements inside the camp.” A post from Free deir ezzor radio identified the camps as “where the Iranian militias are holding training courses for its elements.”

Tweets from @ImageSatIntl showed “#Before,12 April, & #After ,13 April, few hours after the #strike in #Masyaf, #Syria. Completely destroyed structures which were (according to #OSINT) #missiles  manufacturing hangars, related to #Iran. See here the #before and #after.”

The incident occured at 02:30:00 local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military
  • Suspected targets
    Assad regime, Iranian military
  • Belligerents reported killed
    1
  • Belligerents reported injured
    6–17

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (6) [ collapse]

  • Caption translation: Israeli raids targeted the Camp Pioneers in the area of Sheikh Ghadban in the vicinity of Musayaf West Hama, where the Iranian militias are holding training courses for its elements Other raids targeted military positions of the regime near the town of Tlalkh Breef # Homs al-Gharbi amid the sound of violent explosions that shook the area (Image posted by Free deir ezzor radio via Facebook)
  • Caption translation: Israeli raids targeted the Camp Pioneers in the area of Sheikh Ghadban in the vicinity of Musayaf West Hama, where the Iranian militias are holding training courses for its elements Other raids targeted military positions of the regime near the town of Tlalkh Breef # Homs al-Gharbi amid the sound of violent explosions that shook the area (Image posted by Free deir ezzor radio via Facebook)
  • The #SSM factory is located in the vicinity of other facilities which according to #OSINT are related to the #Iranian SSM project in #Syria. (Image posted by @ImageSatIntl)
  • If the attacked factory is indeed controlled by #Iran, it is probable that at least the eastern part of the “#syrian” base it controlled by them. #Syria #Masyaf #SSM #ISI (Image posted by @ImageSatIntl)
  • If the #bombed site in #Masyaf, #Syria, was indeed a #missile factory, it could allow production and assembly of different #SSM elements or for improving the #accuracy of missiles. #ISI #Iran #VISINT #IMINT (Image posted by @ImageSatIntl)

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military
  • Suspected targets
    Assad regime, Iranian military
  • Belligerents reported killed
    1
  • Belligerents reported injured
    6–17

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC105a

Incident date

April 6, 2019

Location

وادي الربيع, Wadi al Rabie, Tripoli, Libya

Geolocation

32.743819, 13.357047 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian doctor was allegedly killed by LNA shelling on Wadi Al Rabie.

Al Wasat said: “The field medicine center mourned the doctor Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, who was killed in the clashes areas south of Tripoli.

The field medicine center said, Saturday, ‘The field medicine and support center mourns the martyr of duty Dr. Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, who was martyred this morning Saturday while fulfilling his national and humanitarian duty to save the wounded and injured in the clashes that have taken place in the suburbs of the capital Tripoli since Thursday.'”

Ahmed Al Shar said he was killed by a bullet.

The GNA-led Burkan Al Ghadab operation claimed that his ambulance was targeted by warplanes.

His family later filed a lawsuit against the LNA leader Khalifa Haftar saying: “54. Plaintiff Abdulhameed Al-Harramah’s son, Dr. Ayman Al-Harramah, was always
dedicated and committed to humanitarian work. He worked alongside the Children’s
Hospital as a member of many civil society organizations related to humanitarian
activities.
55. He and his colleagues founded the ‘All Doctors Foundation’ before the revolution of
2011. It provided a variety of services, including the distribution of recordings of
additional lectures that medical students and other students were unable to attend or
have no material resources.
56. On April 6, 2019, in the Spring Valley area, also known in Arabic as ‘Wady Al-
Rabii’, Dr. Ayman al-Harramah was doing his work providing medical care and
saving lives in a civilian field hospital when Defendant Haftar indiscriminately
bombed the hospital, killing Dr. Ayman al-Harramah.
57. Plaintiff Abdulhameed Al-Harramah is grief stricken about the loss of his son.”

The incident occured in the morning.

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man1 healthcare_personnel)
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, allegedly killed by LNA shelling on Wadi Al Rabie on April 6th, 2020 (via Khaled Kaloul)
  • Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, allegedly killed by LNA shelling on Wadi Al Rabie on April 6th, 2020 (via Only Libya)
  • Body of Ayman Abdel Hamid Al-Haramah, allegedly killed by LNA shelling on Wadi Al Rabie on April 6th, 2020 (via Only Libya)

Geolocation notes (1) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Wadi Al Rabie (الطويشة), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.709600, 13.382378. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

  • Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Wadi Al Rabie (الطويشة).

    Imagery:
    Google Earth

Libyan National Army Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Libyan National Army
  • Libyan National Army position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man1 healthcare_personnel)
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Libyan National Army

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

LC105

Incident date

April 5, 2019

Location

وادي الهيرة, Wadi al Hira, Jafara, Libya

Geolocation

32.355833, 13.047222 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A family was reported killed in a GNA airstrike on Wadi Al Hira near Aziziyah.

DMC news said: “The head of the General Command Information Office of the Libyan National Army, Khalifa al-Obeidi, said that a warplane took off from Misurata airfield bombed a house and killed a family in the Aziziyah region, 45 km south of Tripoli.”

The LNA-affiliated 218 TV published a similar report: “A spokesman for the National Army, Major General Ahmad al-Mismari, said that four aircraft launched airstrikes on the Aziziyah area which did not result in any military casualties, but led to the death of a family.”

Sky News Arabia wrote that “activists said one of the raids hit a house, killing several people from a single family.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Government of National Accord

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Picture supposedly showing the aftermath of the strike (via Sky News Arabia)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention Wadi Al Hira (وادي الهيرة), for which the generic coordinates are: 32.355833 13.047222. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Government of National Accord Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Government of National Accord
  • Government of National Accord position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 6
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Government of National Accord

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

USSOM211-C

Incident date

April 4, 2019

Location

Ugunji, Lower Shabelle, Somalia

Geolocation

1.87348, 44.72262 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A ground operation struck a minibus carrying civilians, killing one woman and injuring up to six others, local media reported. While one source claimed that the attack was conducted by drone, others said it was a ground operation, involving Somali and possibly also US troops.

AFRICOM later denied responsibility for civilian harm on the grounds that “no U.S. military strike took place on the alleged date or location.” However it failed to clarify whether US troops were present on the ground as widely reported – or whether they had been involved in the confirmed civilian harm event,

The Somali Ministry of Information admitted that four civilians were injured during the event, tweeting that “During the night of 3 April SFG security forces captured a very senior al-Shabaab during a capture operation in Ugunji village in lower shabelle. Unfortunately, 4 locals were shot and injured during this raid. The 4 were in a car and failed to stop after repeated warnings. In fact, they actually sped up towards the force… The security force rendered medical aid to the vehicle occupants and released them.”

According to Garowe, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) thought to be American dropped a munition in al Shabaab controlled Ukunji, around 100km southwest of Mogadishu.

“The attack happened during a joint U.S.-Somali forces’ military operation against the Al-Qaeda-linked extremist group, Al-Shabab in the area, according to a resident, speaking to Garowe Online by phone. Other reports said residential houses and shops were also hit during the bombing. Graphic Pictures taken at the scene after the strike and seen by Garowe Online showed a bullet-riddled Nissan Homy packed with vegetables and chicken on the top as well as destroyed shopping centers,” asserted Garowe.

The alleged strike happened during a joint operation between US and Somali forces, claimed a source that Garowe interviewed.The newspaper also published 13 images it said were taken at the scene of the strike.

However other sources said the attack was a ground operation only. Action for Women and Children Concern for example tweeted that “Suspected US forces & SNAs [Somali National Army] opened fire on minibus carrying vegetables,last night. A female passenger was killed and 6 other passengers were injured,4 of them in critical condition.The incident took place in #Ungunji town,#LowerShabelle,#Somalia”.

US Africa Command is yet to comment on the allegation of civilian harm, or publicly to report any strike for this location and date. In autumn 2019, US investigative journalist Nick Turse obtained via FOIA a declassified document listing recent locally-alleged civilian harm from US actions, which AFRICOM was reviewing.

The fourth entry notes for the date April 4th 2019 that “[redacted source] published an article alleging that a drone strike killed a woman traveling to Mogadishu and wounded six others in the vicinity of Farsooley.” The outcome of AFRICOM’s assessment was entirely redacted.

On April 27th 2020, AFRICOM publicly denied responsibility for civilian harm in the event, noting: “April 4, 2019, AFRICOM received one allegation from an online media source claiming one (1) civilian was killed and six (6) civilians injured as a result of a U.S. military operation and airstrike in the vicinity of Ugunji, Somalia on April 3, 2019. AFRICOM received a duplicate allegation of this incident on January 21, 2020, from a foreign non-government organization. After review, the allegations were assessed to be unsubstantiated because no U.S. military strike took place on the alleged date or location.”

In followup questions from Airwars, AFRICOM confirmed that “the term ‘strike’ is defined as U.S. munitions of any type employed by U.S. military forces under the authority of U.S. Africa Command. This includes both air and ground operations.”

An official also provided the following responses:

1) Were US ground forces present as alleged?

USAFRICOM forces were not in the vicinity of where the alleged civilian harm occurred.

2) Did US ground forces engage in kinetic actions?

USAFRICOM did not execute a kinetic strike on the alleged date.

3) Are any US kinetic ground actions believed to have contributed to civilian harm?

USAFRICOM ground forces did not contribute to the alleged civilian harm.”

The incident occured around dawn.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground), Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    4–6
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Discounted
    Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
  • Known attacker
    Somali Military Forces
  • Suspected attacker
    US Forces
  • Suspected target
    Al-Shabaab

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (18) [ collapse]

  • The minibus that reportedly was struck by a US strike, Ukunji, Lower Shabelle, April 4th, 2019 (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)
  • Scene of an alleged US airstrike on April 4th 2019 at Ukunji, which was said to have killed a woman and have injured six other civilians (via Garowe Online)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention that the strike took place in the village Ukunji (or Ugunji), 100 kilometers southwest of Mogadishu. The coordinates for Ukunji are: 1.87348, 44.72262. Due to limited information and satellite imagery available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Somali Military Forces Assessment:

  • Known belligerent
    Somali Military Forces
  • Somali Military Forces position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Somali Military Forces

The Somali Ministry of Information admitted that four civilians were injured during the event, tweeting that "During the night of 3 April SFG security forces captured a very senior al-Shabaab during a capture operation in Ugunji village in lower shabelle. Unfortunately, 4 locals were shot and injured during this raid. The 4 were in a car and failed to stop after repeated warnings. In fact, they actually sped up towards the force... The security force rendered medical aid to the vehicle occupants and released them."

US Forces Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US Forces
  • US Forces position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None

Civilian casualty statements

US Forces
  • May 6, 2020
  • Apr 27, 2020
  • April 4, 2019, AFRICOM received one allegation from an online media source claiming one (1) civilian was killed and six (6) civilians injured as a result of a U.S. military operation and airstrike in the vicinity of Ugunji, Somalia on April 3, 2019. AFRICOM received a duplicate allegation of this incident on January 21, 2020, from a foreign non-government organization. After review, the allegations were assessed to be unsubstantiated because no U.S. military strike took place on the alleged date or location.

  • [In response to Airwars queries]: For the Civilian Casualty Quarterly Assessment report the term "strike" is defined as U.S. munitions of any type employed by U.S. military forces under the authority of U.S. Africa Command. This includes both air and ground operations. We have answered the questions separately under each numbered incident. 4. April 4, 2019, AFRICOM received one allegation from an online media source claiming one (1) civilian was killed and six (6) civilians injured as a result of a U.S. military operation and airstrike in the vicinity of Ugunji, Somalia on April 3, 2019. AFRICOM received a duplicate allegation of this incident on January 21, 2020, from a foreign non-government organization. After review, the allegations were assessed to be unsubstantiated because no U.S. military strike took place on the alleged date or location. 1) Were US ground forces present as alleged? USAFRICOM forces were not in the vicinity of where the alleged civilian harm occurred. 2) Did US ground forces engage in kinetic actions? USAFRICOM did not execute a kinetic strike on the alleged date. 3) Are any US kinetic ground actions believed to have contributed to civilian harm? USAFRICOM ground forces did not contribute to the alleged civilian harm.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground), Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    4–6
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Discounted
    Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
  • Known attacker
    Somali Military Forces
  • Suspected attacker
    US Forces
  • Suspected target
    Al-Shabaab

Sources (3) [ collapse]