Civilian Casualties

Civilian Casualties

Belligerent
Country
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

TS295

Incident date

October 9, 2019

Location

Mitkalta village, Tal Abyad, Raqqa, Syria

Geolocation

36.556229, 39.107500 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Subdistrict level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Two or three civilians from the same family – a father, mother, and their child – died in an alleged Turkish strike on Matkalat village in the countryside of Tal Abyad area in the northern countryside of Al-Raqqah, according to local media.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said that “three people, a man, his wife, and their child,” died.

However, @NPA_SY put the death toll at two (the man and his wife), reporting that they died when a Turkish airstrike hit their house.

Hawar News named the three victims, but said that the child had survived the attack.

According to Hawar News, “The Turkish army attacked the village of Metlkalta with missiles. Rebia Masmaîl and Mihemed Hac Qadir were slaughtered and their 9-year-old son Rêzan Masmaîl was injured as a result of the missile hitting the vehicle they were in. Rêzan Îsmaîl, who has four brothers and a sister, is being treated at Minbic Hospital.”

The source added: “Nine-year-old Rêzan is unaware of the death of his parents. Enwer Umer, one of Rêzan’s relatives, said: ‘My children called me. They said that four missiles were thrown into the village by the occupying Turkish state. One of the missiles hit a vehicle carrying Rêzan and his family”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Adult female killed
Adult male killed
9 years old male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • (1 child1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Kurdish Red Crescent list of casualties caused by Turkish military attacks between 9 and 13 Oct 2019

  • Mrs. Rabeah Ismail and her husband Mohammad Hajj Qader Ismail. (via SN4HR)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the subdistrict of Mitkalta village, Tal Abyad, for which the generic coordinates are: 36.556229, 39.107500. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • (1 child1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0294

Incident date

October 17, 2023

Location

طريق البريد, Al Barid Road, Khan Younis, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.342787, 34.310547 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Exact location (via Airwars) level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On October 17, 2023, at least 10 people, members of the Barbakh family, were killed and at least five others were wounded during an alleged Israeli airstrike at the Barbakh family home on Al Barid road, central Khan Younis, southern Gaza Strip.

The attack, which struck the property located opposite the post office in central Khan Younis, occurred at around 2.50pm and resulted in an unknown number of injuries.

The Barbakh family bore the heaviest toll in this tragic incident, encompassing multiple generations from the eldest, 67-year-old Sheikh Mahmoud Saeed Barbakh (915605455), to the youngest, one-year-old Sawsan Mustafa Mahmoud Barbakh (445000276). Among those who lost their lives were Sawsan Ahmed Muammar (wife of Mahmoud), aged 54 (924300650); their son, Muhammad Mahmoud Saeed Barbakh, aged 13 (429488653); their grandson, Uday Makram Aouni Barbakh, aged 17 (424184737); Kholoud Mahmoud Saeed Barbakh, 21 (daughter of Mahmoud and Sawsan) (408537231); Sabreen Mahmoud Saeed Barbakh, 32 (daughter of Mahmoud and Sawsan) (803466366); and Samar Imad Al-Masry, 26, (daughter-in-law of Mahmoud and Sawsan) (403095318); Sally Ramez Muhammad Abu Muammar, 4 (daughter of Sabreen); and Saba Ramez Ahmed Barbakh (daughter of Sabreen).

Jihad Barbakh, a family member of the deceased, provided the names of the 10 members of the Barbakh family who were killed, in addition to mentioning that “more than 10 martyrs were passers-by on the road”, indicating that there were at least 10 additional deaths.

Local reports emphasised the absence of any forewarning prior to the attack. Immediately following the incident, eyewitness videos emerged which depict a scene of panic followed by a swift and substantial mobilisation of rescue operations. Local sources, including the Palestinian Health Ministry, reported that a number of casualties who were pulled from the rubble managed to reach Nasser Hospital, others could not be saved.

In the days and weeks preceding the incident, surviving members of the Barbakh family have paid tribute to their lost loved ones on Facebook. Most poignant of all was a November 3, video post from Mostafa Mahmud, husband of Samar Imad Al-Masry, showing their daughter one-year-old Sawsan Mustafa Mahmoud joyfully playing in her home. Mostafa explained that the video was captured less than five minutes before the airstrike hit their residence.

Multiple sources, Alaraby News and Safa News, reported that “injuries” resulted from the bombing but did not provide a toll. Images posted by Zahia Farahat show children and a man being treated from their injuries, with at least four different children receiving medical care.

Where possible, names have been matched with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strike to the Israeli military.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured at approximately 2:50 pm local time.

The victims were named as:

Family members (10)

Mahmoud Saeed Barbakh محمود سعيد بربخ
67 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 915605455
Sawsan Mustafa Mahmoud Barbakh سوسن مصطفى محمود بربخ
1 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 445000276
Muhammad Mahmoud Saeed Barbakh محمد محمود سعيد بربخ
13 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 429488653
Sawsan Ahmed Muammar سوسن أحمد معمر
54 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 924300650
Khuloud Mahmoud Saeed Barbakh خلود محمود سعيد بربخ
21 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 408537231
Sabreen Mahmoud Saeed Barbakh صابرين محمود سعيد بربخ
32 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 803466366
Saba Ramez Ahmed Barbakh صبا رامز احمد بربخ
Child female killed
Sally Ramez Ahmed Barbakh سالي رامز احمد بربخ
4 years old female killed
Samar Imad Al-Masry سمر عماد المصري
26 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 403095318
Uday Makram Aouni Barbakh عدي مكرم عوني بربخ
17 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 424184737

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 20
  • (4–5 children4 women1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    5
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (40) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (26) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Journalist Abdel Rahman Al Obadale
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    Source: Journalist Abdel Rahman Al Obadale
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    Source: Journalist Abdel Rahman Al Obadale
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    Source: Journalist Abdel Rahman Al Obadale
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Journalist Abdel Rahman Al Obadale
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Zahia Farahat
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Isam Abu Bisam
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohammad Abu Faysal Barbakh
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Moath Moh Iprahim
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Sofyan Alaqqad
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shareef Ouni
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mostafa Faysal Majdi Barbakh
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    Source: Mostafa Faysal Majdi Barbakh
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rashad Abu Tareq
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Umm Mohammad Barbakh
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mostafa Mahmud
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mostafa Mahmud
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mostafa Mahmud
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mostafa Mahmud
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mostafa Mahmud
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

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Geolocation notes (4) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention an alleged strike on a residential building on al Barid Road (طريق البريد) to the east of Khan Younis (خان يونس). Analysing audio-visual material from sources, we have narrowed the location down to the following exact coordinates: 31.342787, 34.310547.

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  • Imagery:
    @BlinxNow

  • Imagery:
    @BlinxNow

  • Imagery:
    @BlinxNow

  • Imagery:
    Mostafa Mahmud

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 20
  • (4–5 children4 women1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    5
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (40) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS307

Incident date

October 11, 2019

Location

تل أبيض, Tal Abyad, Raqqa, Syria

Geolocation

36.690203, 38.947563 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Seven civilians were reported killed in an alleged Turkish forces airstrike and sniper attacks on Tal Abyad in Raqqa governorate on October 11th, 2019 according to local media sources. According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SO4HR), the airstrike took place on Ali al-Bajelyeh village in Tal Abyad.

AFP News reported that four civilians were killed when a Turkish airstrike targeted their car while they were fleeing the fighting, while another three were shot dead by snipers around the border town.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town of Tal Abyad (تل أبيض), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.690203, 38.947563. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0260

Incident date

October 16, 2023

Location

منزل في محيط مركز شرطة الزيتون بغزة, Vicinity of al-Zaytoun Police Station in Gaza City, Gaza City, the Gaza Strip

Airwars assessment

In the morning of Monday, October 16th, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike which struck a residential building situated in the vicinity of the al-Zaytoun Police Station, east of Gaza City, reportedly killed two civilians. Further details about the identity of the victims are unknown.

Where sources identified a belligerent, all sources attributed the strike to Israeli forces.

The incident is believed to have occurred at approximately 7:30am local time, according to the Palestinian Press Agency.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured at approximately 7:30 am local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Tunisian mix

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS329

Incident date

October 12, 2019

Location

رأس العين, Ras al Ain, Hassakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.848579, 40.073576 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

@cmoc_sd  tweeted: “An innocent child does not know what a bullet is, hit by the Turkish army with artillery shells and warplanes in the villages of #SariKanye/ Ras al-ayn. She is now in Tal Tamir hospital receive treatment, her condition is critical.”

No further details are currently available.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Ammar Abdullah Abdu عمار عبد الله عبده
11 years old injured

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the city of Ras Al Ain (رأس العين), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.848579, 40.073576. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0200c

Incident date

October 14, 2023

Location

مدرسة الأونروا, UNRWA school, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.501954, 34.454236 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One woman was killed by alleged Israeli strikes on a United Nations Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) school in Tal al-Hawa on October 14, 2023.

Al Ayyam News reported that a displaced person named Kholoud Mahmoud Jundia was killed when Israeli forces struck a United Nations Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) school in Tal al-Hawa.

Family members and friends Shosho, Alaa Wael, Fedaa Jundia, Zehre and others posted similar condolence messages for Kholoud (also referred to as Umm Ahmed Mahmoud).

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Kholoud Mahmoud Jundia خلود محمود جندية
Age unknown female killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School, UN facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Zehre
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Fedaa.jondia
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: sali.hatem.9
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nisrien
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shames

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the UNWRA school (مدرسة الأونروا) in Tal al Hawa (تل الهوا) to the south of Gaza (غزة), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.501954, 34.454236. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School, UN facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CI644

Incident date

April 16, 2017

Location

عنه, Anah, Anbar, Iraq

Geolocation

34.372699, 41.986442 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In an incident not previously tracked by Airwars, the Coalition later denied a social media claim that it had caused civilian casualties at Anah.

According to its June report “April 16, 2017, near Annah, Iraq, via social media: The report contained insufficient information on the time, location and details to assess its credibility.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Discounted
    Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (1) [ collapse]

CJTF–OIR Declassified Assessment and Press Release

Attached to this civilian harm incident is a provisional reconciliation of the Pentagon's declassified assessment of this civilian harm allegation, based on matching date and locational information.

The declassified documents were obtained by Azmat Khan and the New York Times through Freedom of Information requests and lawsuits filed since March 2017, and are included alongside the corresponding press release published by the Pentagon. Airwars is currently analysing the contents of each file, and will update our own assessments accordingly.

Declassified Assessment Press Release

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    Insufficient information on the time and location
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • Stated location
    near Annah, Iraq
    Nearest population center

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Jun 2, 2017
  • The report contained insufficient information on the time, location and details to assess its credibility.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For April 15th-16th, the Coalition reported: “Near Al Qaim, one strike destroyed an ISIS oil rig.”

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Discounted
    Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

TS346

Incident date

October 16, 2019

Location

ريحانية, Rihaniya, Hassakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.601231, 40.071902 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between three and five civilians – of whom three were women – were wounded in an alleged Turkish attack on Rihaniya village, according to local media.

Hawarnews reported that “two women and an elderly man, all from the village of Rihaniya” were wounded in alleged Turkish shelling of Rihaniya village.

However, several other sources said that three women were injured in a shooting by Turkisj forces.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3–5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    "Civilians talking about the Turkish army targeting their village."
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Rihaniya (ريحانية), west of Alia (غرب), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.601231, 40.071902. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Turkish Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Turkish Military
  • Turkish Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3–5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Turkish Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]