Israel and Gaza 2023

Israel and Gaza 2023

Satellite imagery, screenshot from Google Earth, October 2023

Belligerent
Israeli Military
Country
the Gaza Strip
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Incident Code

ISPT0161

Incident date

October 12, 2023

Location

النصيرات الشارع الرئيسي, Nuseirat main street, Deir al Balah, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.452826, 34.385844 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Street level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Around 11:30 in the morning of Thursday, October 12th, 2023, an alleged Israeli strike hit commercial stores located on the main street in the Nuseirat camp in the Gaza Strip, killing four men and wounding others.

As a result of the strike several shops caught on fire, while a car belonging to the old Al-Banna bakery was damaged. Palestine News wrote about “great devastation in the area”, sharing an image of the destroyed buildings and rubble.

33-year old Tamer Nizar Khalid Al-Afash who was killed in the attack was described as “a wise martyr” in a post by a user called Muhammed, and a “study companion” in a Twitter post by user @MustafAbuZir. He was also remembered in a Facebook tribute by Nusaairat alongside an image of a young man. A Facebook user Ahmed mentioned that the late Tamer was his sister’s husband. Tamer’s cousin Muamen posted a video from the funeral of the young man.

29-year old Muhammad Khaled Zaidan Mishmish was remembered by his “brother and a friend” Aniis, who wrote that “You hurt us and made our hearts bloody. Your separation and quick departure pained us” and shared the images of the young and smiling Muhammad. His death was also mourned by Abd Elrahman and Emad in their Facebook testimonies.

Among the victims of the attack was also a 30-year old Muhammad Sami Abdel Fattah Fadel whose death was mourned in a Facebook testimony by Muhamed. Muhamed noted that Muhammad Fadel was killed in the attack on the Nuseirat market and attached an image of a smiling young bearded man.

A fourth victim, a young man named Salama Abu Mallouh, was remembered in the tributes by Facebook users Nusaairat and Yahya who also shared his images.

The exact number of those wounded in the incident was not specified by sources, and has therefore been accounted for by Airwars as at least two civilians in line with our methodology.

Where sources identified the belligerent, the strike was attributed to the Israeli military. Where possible, Airwars has matched names with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of nearly 7000 victims’ names and ID numbers released on October 26th

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured at approximately 11:30 am local time.

The victims were named as:

Muhammad Mishmish محمد مشمش
29 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 804900736
Tamer Nizar Khalid Al-Afash تامر العفش
33 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 802709782
Salama Abu Mallouh سالم أبو ملوح
Age unknown male killed
Muhammad Fadel محمد فاضل
30 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 804687671

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4
  • (4 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Impact
    Food
    Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (17) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (20) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @MustafAbuZir

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: HlaPalsetineNews

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Almantiqa

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Almantiqa

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Almantiqa

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Almantiqa

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Yasser

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Yasser

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Yasser

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Aniis

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Aniis

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Aniis

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Emad

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nusaairat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nusaairat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Yahya

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Muhamed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Muhamed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the main street of Nuseirat (النصيرات الشارع الرئيسي) to the west of Deir al Balah, for which the generic coordinates are: 31.452826, 34.385844. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","properties":{"stroke":"#ff0000","stroke-width":1,"stroke-opacity":1},"geometry":{"coordinates":[[34.397593465235275,31.443581563954908],[34.394246934399405,31.446436627458993],[34.39214092792463,31.448061021312128],[34.388534752454575,31.45084211509689],[34.38654414359536,31.452466432565146],[34.3852170710218,31.453155528436554],[34.383601504412155,31.4538200089398],[34.382909118721244,31.453943060367436],[34.38215903422309,31.454016891146594],[34.381466648533234,31.454139942315564],[34.3808896604578,31.454262993323752],[34.38031267238239,31.454262993323752],[34.3792740938471,31.4541891627386],[34.37866825636857,31.454016891146594],[34.37786047306324,31.453672347012912],[34.377254635584734,31.453549295229664],[34.376302605259724,31.453696957350502],[34.37549482195436,31.453943060367436],[34.37506208089857,31.453967670633915],[34.373590761306446,31.454041501393633],[34.37272527919387,31.454681365540196],[34.37145590542855,31.45647788381494],[34.37038847748909,31.457093121878387]],"type":"LineString"}}]}

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4
  • (4 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Impact
    Food
    Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (17) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0189

Incident date

October 14, 2023

Location

محافظة رفح, Rafah Governorate, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.282901, 34.272915 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Province/governorate level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At dawn on Saturday October 14th at least 15 members of the extended Al-Tahrawi family were killed, including three mothers from three families and their six children. An alleged Israeli airstrike hit their family home in Rafah, south of the Gaza strip, flattening the house and killing all the occupants except a young child that was taken into intensive care. At least four civilians were also reported injured in the attack that caused major damage to infrastructure in the surrounding area.

The victims included 66 year old Zaki Hassan Khalil al-Tahrawi, his wife Umm Muhammad al-Tahrawi and their daughter Ijlal Zaki al-Tahrawi. Umm Hassan, her daughter Reem Nasser al-Tahrawi and her son 25 year old Samir Nasser Hassan al-Tahrawi. Ola Hijazi and her three children, 3 year old Nassar al-Tahrawi, Ahmed al-Tahrawi and 2 year old Kinda al-Tahrawi, were also killed.

Five other names were also listed by family and friends on social media: 14 year old Awad al-Tahrawi, 47 year old Nahed Abdel Karim, Muhammad al-Tahrawi, Reda Al-Tahrawi, and 33 year old Hassan Zaki Hassan Al-Tahrawi (who based on his name may be a child of Zaki and Umm Muhammad). News sources reported that the family members were gradually recovered from beneath the rubble by rescue teams and many were taken into intensive care. In the afternoon of the 14th of October Safa News reported that a woman and two children were recovered from beneath the rubble, bringing the number of victims killed to seven. The following day, on the 15th of October, Shehab Agency reported that a woman and two more children were recovered from the rubble bringing the total number of victims to eleven. Sources reported that rescue crew were still searching for victims in the rubble, and further victims were identified on social media.

A child was reportedly taken to the Abu Youssef Al-Najjar Hospital, where medical staff tried to revive him. While one child was reported to have survived, it is unclear whether this child was the one brought to hospital, as it is unknown whether treatment was successful. A Facebook post from Princess Layan Ana identified four wounded who had been rescued from the rubble at the time. However, other sources mention “those in intensive care” and “a number of injuries” without providing additional figures.

Friends and family members on social media identified the victims and their relation to one another. Om Mohammed, a family member of social media, identified the victims in his family and mourned their deaths commenting ‘you hurt our hearts with your departure, my family and my pride’.

Where possible, Airwars has matched names with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of nearly 7000 victims’ names and ID numbers released on October 26th.

Where sources identified the belligerents, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli sources.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured around dawn.

The victims were named as:

Family members (15)

Zaki Hassan Khalil Al-Tahrawi زكي حسن خليل الطهراوي
66 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 918440256
Umm Muhammad Al-Tahrawi أم محمد الطهراوي
Adult female killed
Ijlal Zaki Al-Tahrawi إجلال زكي الطهراوي
female killed
Umm Hassan ام حسن
Adult female killed
Samir Nasser Hassan Al-Tahrawi سمير ناصر حسن الطهراوي
25 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 403800857
Reem Nasser Al-Tahrawi ريم ناصر الطهراوي
female killed
Ola Hijazi علا حجازي
40 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 926680323
Nasser Al-Tahrawi ناصر الطهراوي
3 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 440589489
Ahmed Al-Tahrawi أحمد الطهراوي
Child male killed
Kinda Al-Tahrawi كندا الطهراوي
2 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 445244858
Nahed Abdel Karim Abu Zaid ناهد عبد الكريم أبو زيد
47 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 900756792
Muhammad Al-Tahrawi محمد الطهراوي
male killed
Awad Al-Tahrawi عوض محمد محمود الطهراوي
14 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 429135106
Hassan Zaki Al-Tahrawi حسن زكي حسن الطهراوي
33 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 802837393
Reda Al-Tahrawi رضا الطهراوي
60 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 903830677

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    15
  • (4–5 children6 women4–5 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    4
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (27) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (31) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Adlitaha1.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @ShehabAgency

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @PalinfoAr

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @AlReemHamad00

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @QdwrtYsy

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @LamaYousuf1

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @Hamzaalnamla1

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @Hamzaalnamla1

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @SafaPs

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @SafaPs

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @SafaPs

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @SafaPs

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @alqudsalbawsala

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Hedaya Horya

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abumustafa88

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abumustafa88

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Pronsses

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Pronsses

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Pronsses

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Pronsses

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Pronsses

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

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  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the Rafah governorate (رفح), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.282901, 34.272915. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

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Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    15
  • (4–5 children6 women4–5 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    4
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (27) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0099

Incident date

October 10, 2023

Location

جوار مسجد الجولاني, Vicinity of al Julani Mosque, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.509390, 34.476798 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In the afternoon of Tuesday, October 10th 2023, the Marouf family house located behind Al-Rayes School and near Al-Julani Mosque in Al-Tuffah neighborhood in Gaza City was allegedly hit by an Israeli bombing that reportedly killed between two and three family members, including one woman. Seven civilians were pulled alive from the rubble while some were reported missing.

According to the tributes published in social media, the deadly attack took the lives of 54 year old Imad Muhammad Marouf (Abu Ashraf) and his wife 50 year old Nazek Noman Marouf. In a Facebook condolence message by the Abu Amsha Family, the late Imad Marouf is seen in the image as an elderly man in a white striped shirt. Al.marouf.gaza Facebook account also paid tribute to the memory of the couple: “The family of Marouf and Abu Amsha in the homeland and the diaspora mourns the heroic martyr, the son of the family (Imad Muhammad Marouf – Abu Ashraf) and the martyr, his wife (Nazek Noman Marouf).” The identity of the third victim killed in the attack was not provided.

According to a Facebook user Manal Ouda, four floors of the building were completely destroyed in the attack, including a manned fruit and vegetable shop with the shop owner, his nephew, and a number of customers inside. He wrote further: “Civil Defense is present, but the building has been destroyed 5 hours ago, and until now we do not know if they [inhabitants] are alive or dead. There are people who say I heard their voice, and there are people who say there is no voice.”

Twitter/ X user @_alshrafi reported that “after recovering three martyrs and removing seven alive from the house of our neighbors, the Marouf family, bulldozers are still working until this moment to extract those missing from the rubble of the house.”

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces.

Airwars has matched both victim’s names with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of nearly 7000 victims’ names and ID numbers released on October 26th.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured in the afternoon.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Imad Muhammad Marouf - Abu Ashraf عماد محمد معروف- ابو اشرف
54 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 928550292
Nazek Noman Marouf نازك نعمان معروف
50 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 921895579

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Marketplace, Religious Institution, Residential building, School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • (1 woman1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Impact
    Food,Healthcare
    Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abu Amsha Family Link

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Al.marouf.gaza

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the vicinity of al Julani mosque (مسجد الجولاني) to the north of Gaza city (غزة), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.509390, 34.476798. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Marketplace, Religious Institution, Residential building, School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • (1 woman1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Impact
    Food,Healthcare
    Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0261

Incident date

October 14, 2023

Location

تل الهوا, Tal al Hawa, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.498611, 34.4425 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On October 14th, 2023, Counselor Muhammad Fahmi Al-Najjar, along with 15 family members, including three women and ten children, were killed by an alleged Israeli airstrike on his residential home in the Al-Hawa neighborhood in the southwest of Gaza City. Most sources agree that the home of the deceased was “directly” bombed by the Israeli military.

Safa news agency reported that Muhammad Fahmi Al-Najjar, who is a member of the Board of Directors of the National Authority for Documentation and Prosecution of Occupation Crimes, was killed alongside his parents, his family and that of his brother’s family in the alleged airstrike. The grandparents of the family, 74 year old Fahmi Muhammed Al Najjar and 74 year old Fatima Khalil Al Najjar, were killed alongside their two sons and wives, 41 year old Muhammad Fahmi Al-Najjar and his wife 34 year old Haneen Al Najjar, and 36 year old Firas Fahmi Al-Najjar and his wife 30 year old Samah Al Najjar, and their grandchildren: Muhammad’s six children Fahmi Mohammed Al Najjar, 14 year old Omar Mohammed Al Najjar, 13 year old Abdulrahman Mohammed Al Najjar, 4 year old Yousef Mohammed Al Najjar, 3 year old Anas Mohammed Al Najjar, and 5 year old Fatima Mohammed Al Najjar; Firas’ four children 5 year old Yaman Firas Al Najjar, 7 year old Obaida Firas Al Najjar, 10 year old Fatima Firas Al Najjar, 3 year old Sara Firas Al Najjar.

Following the incident, colleagues and family members have paid tributes online. Muhammad Abu Sharab, the nephew of counselor Muhammad Fahmi Al-Najjar, acknowledged the death of his uncle in a Facebook post that also alleged that the airstrike had killed all family members inside the home of Muhammad Fahmi Al-Najjar.

Dr. Ramy Abdu, a colleague of the deceased, posted on Facebook following the alleged airstrike. He paid tribute to his colleague Judge Habib Fahmi Al-Najjar (likely referring to the grandfather Fahmi Al-Najjar), Judge Fatima Khalil Al-Najjar (Al-Makhalati), and the heads of the lawyers’ bloc, their sons Muhammad Fahmi Al-Najjar and Firas Fahmi Al-Najjar, who were also killed during the incident. The Palestinian Bar Association Gaza also identified the grandfather of the family as “Counselor Judge Fahmi Al-Najjar”. At the time of his post, Dr Abdu reported that civil defense crews were still trying to recover the victims of the alleged airstrike.

These tributes often provide an insight into the personality of those killed. Dr Ola El-Najjar, the son of Judge Fahmi Muhammad al-Najjar, described his father as a man that embodied “compassion and generosity” and his mother – Fatima Khalil Al-Najjar – as a woman that “combined gentleness, tenderness, and love” for her children and grandchildren.

The post of Dr Ola El-Najjar provides insight into the family of the deceased. His brother, Muhammad Fahmy Al-Najjar and his sister-in-law Haneen Al-Najjar were killed alongside their six children during the incident. Muhammad was described as “the caring brother who is dutiful to his parents and sisters, and companion to his wife, known for his intense love for his children, his mercy toward those near and far, and his generosity with everyone, and my advisor in all my steps” and his wife Haneen as “a kind and generous person who had memorized the Qur’an”. Dr. Ola also described Fatima as named after her grandmother “so that she would remain Fatima in his eyes and heart”, and Yousef “with his beauty, who loved my daughter Shoshu and called her (Aunty Shoshu)”.

It is also revealed that his other brother, Firas Fahmy Al-Najjar and his wife Samah Al-Najjar, who were both engineers, were killed alongside their four children during the bombing. Dr Ola described his other brother Firas as “the beloved, close friend, righteous companion, and intelligent, sharp mind” and his wife Samah as “the wise engineer… and a girl of principles”. Their children were described as Fatima who “is similar to her mother in character”, Obaida “the beloved son of the beloved, with his white face that blushes at the slightest praise”, Yaman who would always hug his son Muhammad because of their love for football.

Where possible, names have been matched with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (16)

Fahmi Muhammed Al Najjar فهمي محمد النجار
74 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 958596645
Fatima Khalil Al Najjar فاطمة خليل النجار
74 years old female Fahmi's wife killed Matched to MoH ID 903160554
Muhammad Fahmi Al-Najjar محمد فهمي النجار
41 years old male Fahmi and Fatima's child killed Matched to MoH ID 926703968
Haneen Al Najjar حنين النجار
34 years old female Muhammad Fahmi Al-Najjar's wife killed Matched to MoH ID 802438358
Firas Fahmi Al-Najjar فراس فهمي النجار
36 years old male Fahmi and Fatima's child killed Matched to MoH ID 801772898
Samah Al Najjar Samah Al Najjar
30 years old female Firas Fahmi Al-Najjar's wife killed Matched to MoH ID 804024065
Fahmi Mohammed Al Najjar فهمي النجار
Child male Muhammad and Haneen's child killed
Omar Mohammed Al Najjar عمر النجار
14 years old male Muhammad and Haneen's child killed Matched to MoH ID 429037724
Abdulrahman Mohammed Al Najjar
13 years old male Muhammad and Haneen's child killed
Yousef Mohammed Al Najjar يوسف النجار
4 years old Muhammad and Haneen's child killed Matched to MoH ID 444446611
Anas Mohammed Al Najjar أنس النجار
3 years old male Muhammad and Haneen's child killed Matched to MoH ID 444983456
Fatima Mohammed Al Najjar فاطمة النجار
5 years old female Muhammad and Haneen's child killed Matched to MoH ID 444177778
Yaman Firas Al Najjar يمان النجار
5 years old male Firas's child killed Matched to MoH ID 440653442
Obaida Firas Al Najjar عبيدة النجار
7 years old male Firas's child killed Matched to MoH ID 437024565
Fatima Firas Al Najjar فاطمة النجار
10 years old female Firas's child killed Matched to MoH ID 426921649
Sara Firas Al Najjar سارة النجار
3 years old female Firas's child killed Matched to MoH ID 443249750

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    16
  • (10 children3 women3 men)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (18) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (21) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Muhammad Abu Sharab

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Muhammad Abu Sharab

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Muhammad Abu Sharab

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Muhammad Abu Sharab

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohamed Ali

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohamed Ali

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohamed Ali

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohamed Ali

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Bar Association Gaza

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Bar Association Gaza

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Bar Association Gaza

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Bar Association Gaza

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Bar Association Gaza

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Bar Association Gaza

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Bar Association Gaza

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed Al-Kahlot

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @UnewsAgency1

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @Ayat_Mohamed85

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @Ayat_Mohamed85

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @Jihane09876

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Tal al Hawa (تل الهوا) to the west of Gaza city (غزة). Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further. The generic coordinates for Tal al Hawa are: 31.498611, 34.4425.

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Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    16
  • (10 children3 women3 men)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (18) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0398

Incident date

October 20, 2023

Location

جوار مسجد اليرموك, Vicinity of al Yarmouk Mosque, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.522639, 34.462778 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An alleged Israeli airstrike on October 20th 2023 reportedly killed as many as 20 people, many of them members of the Jaarour family. Others were also injured when their family home near the Al-Yarmouk Mosque in the Al-Sabra neighbourhood of Gaza City was struck.

An initial report from Shehab News Agency claimed there were at least six people killed and a number of injured as a result. This number rose throughout the day as more victims were identified. Safa News, quoting the Ministry of Interior, reported that a number of people had died and others been wounded when Israeli aircrafts allegedly struck two homes in the Al-Sabra neighbourhood of Gaza City, that of the Jaarour family and the Abu Sharia family. All other sources cited between 17 and 20 killed in the attack.

Those reportedly killed in the attack include 40 year old Wafiyah Khalil Abdo, her son 21 year old Hammam Samara Jaarour, and her two daughters, 20 year old Ibtisam Samara Jaarour and 19 year old Gharam Samara Jaarour.

Sammour Salman Jaarour (43) was reportedly killed alongside his wife Umm Anas Jaarour Qazat and four of their children, daughters Ibtisam Sammour Jaarour (15) and Farah Sammour Jaarour (5), as well as two of their sons, Salman Sammour Jaarour (12) and Isbaai Sammour Jaarour.

Umm Muhammad Jaarour Al-Sutri was reported to have been killed in the attack along with two of her daughters, Janan Samer Jaarour (8) and Mirna Samer Jaarour (4), and son Tim Samer Jaarour (less than 1 year).

Raesah Hamada Jaarour (67), Louay Al-Ajrami (less than 1 year), and Um Tameh Habib, were also reportedly amongst those killed in the attack bringing the total of named victims killed as a result of the airstrike to 17.

A Facebook post by Hassan Jaarour corroborated that he had lost 20 members of his family in the attack, most of them children. Rasheed Jaarour posted a similar message on Facebook writing that 17 members of the family had died. Many other friends and relatives posted across Facebook mourning the loss and again listing children amongst those dead.

A Facebook post by El Hassan Ali Baker mourned the loss of his cousin Wafiyah Khalil Abdo’s daughter, and claimed that the bombing was concentrated around the Bayti area in Tal al-Hawa on October 20th.

Where possible, names have been matched with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strike to the Israeli military.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (17)

Raesah Hamada Jaarour رئيسه حماده جعرور
67 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 924403439
Sammour Salman Jarour سمور سلمان جعرور
43 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 905392577
Wafiyah Khalil Abdo وفية خليل عبدو
40 years old female (Jaarour) killed Matched to MoH ID 926771478
Hammam Samara Jaarour همام سماره جعرور
22 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 407078153
Ibtisam Samara Jaarour ابتسام سماره جعرور
21 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 407944644
Gharam Samara Jaarour غرام سماره جعرور
19 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 409102340
Umm Anas Jarour Qazat ام انس جعرور قزعاط
female killed
Salman Sammour Jarour سلمان سمور جعرور
12 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 432461317
Isbaai Sammour Jaroor اسباعي سمور جعرور
male killed
Ibtisam Sammour Jarour ابتسام سمور جعرور
15 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 425928306
Farah Sammour Jarour فرح سمور جعرور
5 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 438422883
Umm Muhammad Jaarour Al-Sutri ام محمد جعرور السوطري
female killed
Janan Samer Jarour جنان سامر جعرور
8 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 435202866
Mirna Samer Jarour ميرنا سامر جعرور
4 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 439076746
Tim Samer Jarour تيم سامر جعرور
0.6 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 444169296
Louay Al-Ajrami لؤي العجرامي
0.6 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 444494595
Um Tameh Habib ام طعمه حبيب
female killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    17 – 20
  • (8 children7 women2 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (20) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abdelhakeem Jarour

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the vicinity of al Yarmouk mosque (مسجد اليرموك) to the west of Gaza city (غزة), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.522639, 34.462778. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    17 – 20
  • (8 children7 women2 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (20) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0420

Incident date

October 21, 2023

Location

منزل الصحفي  هاني المدهون, home of journalist Hani Al-Madhoun, Gaza strip, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Airwars assessment

At dawn on Saturday, October 21st 2023, the home of Hani Al-Madhoun, a Palestinian journalist who worked for Al-Aqsa TV, was allegedly hit by an Israeli airstrike, killing Hani Al-Madhoun alongside 11 members of his immediate family.

Sources on social media posted the names of the relatives of 59-year old Hani Al-Madhoun, also known as Abu Ibrahim: his wife, 55-year-old Samira Fouad Hassan Al-Madhoun, their sons, 25-year-old Ahmed Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun, 23-year-old Fadi Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun, 16-year-old Uday Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun, 27-year-old Muhammad Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun, 29-year-old Sameh Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun, and 17-year-old daughter Mennat allah Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun. 27-year-old Nariman Hatem Rabhi Al-Madhoun, the wife of Muhammad Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun, is reported to have also been killed, alongside her sister, 23-year-old Nagham Hatem Rabhi Al-Madhoun. According to available reports, Nagham was married to Sameh, and their children, two-year-old Najwa Sameh Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun and three-year-old Islam Sameh Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun were killed in the same bombing.

Reporting on this event in a post shared on X on October 21st, the Palestinian organization Shehab News Agency announced that the Al-Aqsa Satellite Channel had confirmed the death of Hani Al-Madhoun and his wife, children and grandchildren earlier that morning when their house was reportedly hit by Israeli forces.

Family members and friends posted heartfelt tributes to Hani and his family, expressed their distress at the incident and offered condolences to grieving extended family members.

On October 21st, Facebook user Ameer Halawa shared a series of photographs reportedly showing the aftermath of this strike. One image showed a heavily damaged building and another image showed three children who had been killed. The final photograph showed the body bags of the 12 victims positioned in a line in front of a crowd of praying mourners.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces.

All names have been matched with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured around dawn.

The victims were named as:

Family members (12)

Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun هاني إبراهيم المدهون
59 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 992941831
Samira Fouad Hassan Al-Madhoun سميرة فؤاد حسن المدهون
55 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 909905457
Ahmed Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun أحمد هاني إبراهيم المدهون
25 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 404277030
Fadi Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun فادي هاني إبراهيم المدهون
23 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 407020528
Mennat allah Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun منة الله هاني إبراهيم المدهون
17 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 422787002
Uday Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun عدي هاني إبراهيم المدهون
16 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 422350249
Muhammad Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun محمد هاني إبراهيم المدهون
27 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 401849351
Nariman Hatem Rabhi Al-Madhoun ناريمان حاتم ربحي المدهون
23 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 406987818
Sameh Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun سامح هاني إبراهيم المدهون
29 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 804773729
Nagham Hatem Rabhi Al-Madhoun نغم حاتم ربحي المدهون
27 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 401250766
Najwa Sameh Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun نجوى سامح هاني إبراهيم المدهون
2 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 445465347
Islam Sameh Hani Ibrahim Al-Madhoun إسلام سامح هاني إبراهيم المدهون
3 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 443127824

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12
  • (4 children3 women5 men1 journalist)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (24) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (19) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nabd news

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @qudsn

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @mohamed_mdn

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @mohamed_mdn

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @Mohamedsa2ed1

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @SyriawatanNews

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Anas

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ameer.halawa

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ameer.halawa

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ameer.halawa

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mahmoud

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Sharif

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohamdmdn

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohamdmdn

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Elmadhounps

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Elmadhounps

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Eid

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Jscommittee

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Um mazen

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12
  • (4 children3 women5 men1 journalist)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (24) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0459

Incident date

October 22, 2023

Location

مخيم البريج, Bureij camp, Deir Al Balah, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.437934, 34.403857 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On Sunday, October 22nd 2023, a number of civilians were reportedly injured and killed, including a 24-year-old civilian named Salama Muhammad al-Owaidat, when an alleged Israeli airstrike hit the Abu Helou house located at Al-Awadhi junction of Block 7 in the Bureij Camp in the Gaza Strip. The precise number of victims remains unknown, and only one victim has been identified.

Facebook user Muhammad Abd mourned the death of his friend on social media. The comment read, “The eyes shed tears and the heart grieves over your departure, O Salama. God is sufficient for us, and He is the best disposer of affairs. May God accept you in the world. The martyr Salama Muhammad Al-Owaidat.” In a photo, shared alongside the comment, Salama Muhammad Al-Owaidat is depicted in a light blue blazer, shirt and jeans smiling warmly toward the camera.

Several news outlets and journalists, including Shehab Agency and East Now, reported that there were injured and a number killed due to the aircraft bombing at the Al-Awadhi junction in Al-Bureij Camp. However, there is no further detail on the additional victims killed or on the number of wounded.

Shortly after the incident appeals were made by social media users and journalists for ambulances to go to Al-Bureij camp. Facebook user Read Sharab, quoting a Quds News correspondent, posted that “appeals for ambulances to go to Block 7 in Bureij camp” were being made.

Where possible, names have been reconciled with published Palestinian Ministry of Health lists. With thanks to journalist Alexandre Horn from CheckNews for identifying relevant sources, and Data Tech for Palestine for centralising the datasets.

Where the sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strike to the Israeli military.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Salama Muhammad al-Owaidat سلامة محمد العويدات
24 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 804677945

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Muhammad Abd

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Al-Bureij official page

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention Block 7 being struck in the vicinity of Al Awadhi junction (مفترق العوضي), allegedly located within Bureij camp (مخيم البريج). Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further. The generic coordinates for Bureij camp are: 31.437934, 34.403857.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0369

Incident date

October 19, 2023

Location

جوار مسجد الخلفاء الراشدين, Vicinity of al Khalafa al Rashidun Mosque, North Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.535153, 34.500191 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In the early hours of Thursday, October 19, 2023, Israeli military aircraft allegedly bombed a house belonging to the Al-Sharbasi family located near the Al-Khalafa Al-Rashidun Mosque in the Al-Alami area in the northern Gaza Strip, reportedly injuring many civilians.

Local sources including Shehab Agency, Palestine today TV and Raee stated that a number of civilians who were injured as a result of the strike arrived at the Indonesian Hospital. A local source Nada Mohammed Matter reported that many civilians were injured. Due to this description of “many” injuries, the maximum civilian casualty count for this incident has been identified as 10 in line with Airwars’ methodology.

A Facebook user Vida Wardeh described the al-Sherbasi family as having been “exterminated”, but did not provide any further information.

Bawasel reported the incident in a post on Facebook that included an image of one of the victims. The image shows a teenager whose face and arms are stained with blood and dust, being held up by his arms as he is rushed through a hospital corridor.

Where sources identified a belligerent, all sources attributed the strike to Israeli forces.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured around dawn.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Religious Institution, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–10
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Bawasel facebook

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the vicinity of al Khalafa al Rashidun Mosque (مسجد الخلفاء الراشدون) to the north of Jabalia (جباليا), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.535153, 34.500191. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Religious Institution, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–10
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (11) [ collapse]