Civilian Casualties

Civilian Casualties

Belligerent
Country
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

USYEM049-B

Incident date

March 11, 2012

Location

جبل خنفر, Mount (Jabal) Khanfar, Ja'ar, Abyan, Yemen

Geolocation

13.219488, 45.310140 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An air attack by the US and/or Yemen on a militant-occupied factory where arms were allegedly stored killed three to seven belligerents near Ja’ar the evening of March 11, 2012. Ansar al Sharia, along with other sources, said that US drones carried out the early evening strike, with up to five drones reportedly taking part. Reuters and the Long War Journal reported that the strike hit the hill Jebel Khanfar, next to Jaar. There are currently no known reports of civilian harm.

A senior Yemeni official confirmed the US involvement to CNN: ‘The United States did not inform us on the attacks. We only knew about this after the US attacked.’ However local residents reported that ‘planes’ bombarded the town. Another source, AFP, reported that two missiles were fired ‘from the sea‘. However, no other source corroborated that the strike was of naval origin.

Local sources told Aden Al-Ghad that seven Al Qaeda members were killed. Sources within the “armed groups” confirmed that the strike had taken place, but that three were killed, not seven.

Reuters reported that militants and residents said that the strikes hit a “factory” in the “mountainous area of Jebel Khanfar.” An official told AFP that a large amount of weapons seized by AQAP during an attack against the army that left 185 soldiers earlier this month, were destroyed in the US drone strikes and shelling by the Yemeni military.

A witness told Xinhua that “thick white smoke is rising from the targeted area, and Al Qaeda militants are moving to the mountain to check if there are any casualties.”

On March 12th 2012, Press TV reported that, according to “Yemeni security officials,” the strike was carried out by “five US assassination drones,” and killed six people. The source also stated that local residents rejected the Yemeni government’s claim that the victims were all “militants,” and said that the victims were civilians. However, the source was referring to three different strikes between March 9-11, and did not specify for which strike the residents’ claims referred to.

Most sources included reports that alleged that the strike was carried out by U.S. drones, but some reported that Yemeni aircraft may have been responsible. No belligerent has taken responsibility for the strike, so it remains contested.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Suspected attacker
    US Forces
  • Suspected target
    Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
  • Belligerents reported killed
    3–7

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention Mount (Jabal) Khanfar, overlooking the town of Ja’ar (جعار), for which the coordinates are: 13.219488, 45.310140.

US Forces Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US Forces
  • US Forces position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

US Forces

A senior Yemeni official confirmed the US involvement to CNN: ‘The United States did not inform us on the attacks. We only knew about this after the US attacked.’ However local residents reported that ‘planes’ bombarded the town.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike, Drone Strike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Suspected attacker
    US Forces
  • Suspected target
    Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
  • Belligerents reported killed
    3–7

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RUK149

Incident date

April 26, 2022

Location

Одноробівка, Odnorobivka, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

50.360731, 35.913218 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On April 26th 2022, between four to five civilians were wounded, among which three men and two women were reportedly injured following Russian artillery shelling in Odnorobivka village, Kharkiv oblast. Sources also mentioned residential buildings damaged by the attack.

Most sources, referring to Kharkiv Regional Prosecutor’s Office report counted four civilians injured. However, Suspile News, which covered the attack, counted five. This source quoted the head of Zolochiv community: “We have two seriously injured men, born in 1952 and 1977. Both have fractured femoral necks. Now they are being given first aid, and will be sent to the regional hospital. Two women, both born in 1955, are in a moderate condition, with multiple gunshot wounds. Another man was moderately injured” (…)The Kharkiv Regional Prosecutor’s Office reported that the shelling of Odnorobivka is being investigated as a violation of the laws and customs of war (Part 1 of Article 438 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine).”

Local sources either said the attack was conducted at around 5pm or 6pm local time. Residential buildings were also partially destroyed during the shelling.

This incident has reference to ACLED code: UKR71200.

The incident occured between 5:00 pm and 6:00 pm local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    4–5
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • "The occupiers continue to shell Kharkiv region: four people were injured". Source: Kharkiv Prosecutor Office (Facebook- screenshot)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Odnorobivka (Одноробівка), for which the generic coordinates are: 50.360731, 35.913218. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    4–5
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

YEMYEM009

Incident date

June 11, 2012

Location

جعار, Outskirts of Ja'ar, Abyan, Yemen

Geolocation

13.223161, 45.305486 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In this single-source event, Xinhua reported that three alleged senior Al Qaeda militants were killed in an airstrike on their vehicle in Jaar on June 11, 2012, attributing the strike to Yemeni “warplanes.” There are currently no known reports of civilian harm.

They were killed “while they were moving to oversee the fighting with army troops on the outskirts of Jaar,” Xinhua reported.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Suspected attacker
    Yemeni Air Force
  • Suspected target
    Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
  • Belligerents reported killed
    3

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the outskirts of the town of Ja’ar (جعار). The generic coordinates for the town of Ja’ar (جعار) are: 13.223161, 45.305486. Due to limited information and satellite imagery available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Yemeni Air Force Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Yemeni Air Force
  • Yemeni Air Force position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Suspected attacker
    Yemeni Air Force
  • Suspected target
    Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
  • Belligerents reported killed
    3

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RUK194

Incident date

May 11, 2022

Location

Новий Мерчик, Noviy Merchyk, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Geolocation

49.973204, 35.655624 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On the morning of 11th May 2022 at 10:45 am, a 26yr old civilian tractor driver from Gadyach was allegedly struck with a guided missile launched from a low-flying Russian aircraft whilst working in a field in the village of Novy Merchik. The attack caused multiple burns and leg injuries to the tractor driver and left them hospitalised in a serious condition according to Head of the Kharkiv OVA Oleg Sinegubov.

Witnesses at the scene stated the Russian plane flew at a low altitude when it launched the missile and had come past for a second lap, resulting in Oleksandr Osetrov, director of Nika, the injured worker’s employer to vehemently declare that “we can assume that the enemy clearly saw and understood that they were aiming a missile at civilians, which is unacceptable”.

As a result, Sergei Bolvinov, head of the Investigation Department of the National Police in Kharkiv, specified as a result of this alleged targetted attack, the Bohodukhiv District Police Department of the Kharkiv Regional Police along with prosecutors of the Kharkiv Regional Prosecutor’s Office, both of whom had members examine the scene, have launched Criminal proceedings under Article 438 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (Violation of laws and customs of war). The pre-trial investigation is being conducted by the SBU Office in the Kharkiv region.

The State Emergency Service units worked at the scene and extinguished the fire caused by the missile at 12:21.

This assessment has reference to ACLED code UKR57622.

The incident occured at approximately 10:45 am local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Agriculture
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (21) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (13) [ collapse]

  • Damage to a tractor in Novyi Merchyk village caused by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by Kharkiv Regional Prosecutor's Office via Telegram)
  • Damage to a tractor in Novyi Merchyk village caused by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by Kharkiv Regional Prosecutor's Office via Telegram)
  • Damage to a tractor in Novyi Merchyk village caused by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by Kharkiv Regional Prosecutor's Office via Telegram)
  • Damage to a tractor in Novyi Merchyk village caused by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by Suspilne News via Telegram)
  • Damage to a tractor in Novyi Merchyk village caused by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by Suspilne News via Telegram)
  • Screenshot of Facebook post by DSNS in Kharkiv region
  • Screenshot of Facebook post by Kharkiv City Council
  • Damage to a tractor in Novyi Merchyk village caused by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by the National Police via Facebook)
  • Screenshot of Facebook post by the National Police
  • Screenshot of Facebook post by Bohodukhiv district state administration
  • Damage to a tractor in Novyi Merchyk village caused by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by Hromadske News)
  • Damage to a tractor in Novyi Merchyk village caused by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by Hromadske News)
  • Damage to a tractor in Novyi Merchyk village caused by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 11, 2022. (Image posted by Hromadske News)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Noviy Merchyk (Новий Мерчик), for which the generic coordinates are: 49.973204, 35.655624. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Agriculture
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (21) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CS663

Incident date

April 5, 2017

Location

رطلة, Ratlah, Ar Raqqah, Syria

Geolocation

35.882222, 39.048611 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

The Smart News Agency reported the death of “an old man” and the injuring of five other civilians following an airstrike on Ratla. The source did not identify the culprit, noting that the injured were taken to a field hospital.

No further details are currently known.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (1) [ collapse]

CJTF–OIR Declassified Assessment and Press Release

Attached to this civilian harm incident is a provisional reconciliation of the Pentagon's declassified assessment of this civilian harm allegation, based on matching date and locational information.

The declassified documents were obtained by Azmat Khan and the New York Times through Freedom of Information requests and lawsuits filed since March 2017, and are included alongside the corresponding press release published by the Pentagon. Airwars is currently analysing the contents of each file, and will update our own assessments accordingly.

Declassified Assessment Press Release

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • Stated location
    near Ratlah, Syria
    Nearest population center

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Dec 28, 2017
  • After a review of available information it was assessed that no Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area that correspond to the report of civilian casualties.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For April 4th-5th, the Coalition reported: “Near Ar Raqqah, four strikes engaged three ISIS tactical units; and destroyed three fighting positions, three vehicles, a mortar system, a rocket system, and an excavator.”
For April 5th-6th, the Coalition reported: "Near Ar Raqqah, two strikes destroyed an ISIS vehicle."

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

USYEM129-B

Incident date

September 20, 2012

Location

المحفد, Mahfad, Abyan, Yemen

Geolocation

14.060537, 46.918367 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

The morning of September the 20th 2012, two air strikes or drone strikes, which are believed to be either American or Yemeni, killed up to four militants and injured three others in the eastern outskirts of the town of Mahfad in the southern province of Abyan.  Even though it cannot be ruled out, there are no reports of civilian harm.

Some confusion exists over the exact location of the strike. Most sources, such as Adenalghad and Xinhua, report that the strikes took place solely in Mahfad but some Twitter sources, such as @anaweny and @yementodaytvnet, report that the strikes were in both Mahfad and Mudiyah.

Xinhua news first quoted a local security official who reported that two militants had been killed and that three had been injured by a Yemeni air strike. According to the security official: “The air bombing is going to have a very significant impact on the activities of [Al Qaeda] militants […] Their movement in Abyan is going to be disrupted during the coming days.” Xinhua also reported that militant sources had confirmed the death of two Al Qaeda insurgents.

However, Adenalghad News later reported that Xinhua news had stated that another local official had said that the strike was instead executed by an American drone and that it had killed four Al Qaeda members and injured multiple others. This is supported by the fact that the Yemeni Air Force lacks the technical capability to conduct precision air strikes. Adenalghad News also reported that there are believed to have been leaders of Al Qaeda who were among the dead. According to both Alshawa Yemen and Adenalghad, militants regrouped in Mahfad in the weeks preceding the strike after fleeing from Azzan, Jaar and Zinjibar due to an offensive by the Yemeni army resulting in Mahfad becoming a target.

The incident occured in the morning.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Suspected attackers
    US Forces, Yemeni Air Force
  • Suspected target
    Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
  • Belligerents reported killed
    2–4
  • Belligerents reported injured
    3

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention that the eastern outskirts of the town of Mahfad (المحفد) were targeted, in Abyan governorate. The coordinates for the eastern part of Mahfad (المحفد) are: 14.060537, 46.918367.

US Forces Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US Forces
  • US Forces position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Yemeni Air Force Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Yemeni Air Force
  • Yemeni Air Force position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    No
  • Civilians reported killed
    0
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Suspected attackers
    US Forces, Yemeni Air Force
  • Suspected target
    Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
  • Belligerents reported killed
    2–4
  • Belligerents reported injured
    3

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

R4514

Incident date

May 24, 2023

Location

between the towns of Kansafra and Al-Fatira, Idlib, Syria

Airwars assessment

A young man was reportedly injured by shrapnel from machine guns attributed to both Russian forces and the Syrian regime on May 24th 2023. The incident occured on agricultural land between the town of Kansafra and Al-Fatirah, in the southern countryside of Idlib.

Reports from the Syrian Civil Defence, Halab Today TV and Twitter user @Almohrar1 said that the man was injured by shrapnel from machine guns whilst grazing sheep. He was treated with first aid by the Syrian Civil Defence and taken to hospital.

The Syrian Civil Defence attributed the machine gun fire to both Russian forces and the Syrian regime. Halab Today TV and Twitter user @Almohrar1 blamed the Syrian regime for the gun fire.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Ground operation
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Agriculture
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Syrian Regime, Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • A young man injured by alleged Syrian regime and/or Russian machine gun fire on May 24, 2023. (Image posted by @SyriaCivilDefe)

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Ground operation
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Agriculture
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    1
  • Cause of injury / death
    Small arms and light weapons
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Syrian Regime, Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CI625

Incident date

April 10, 2017

Location

Mosul, Sekak, Iraq

Airwars assessment

In an incident not previously tracked by Airwars, on November 30th 2017 the Coalition said it had concluded an assessment on claims of civilian harm “near Mosul, Iraq” by Human Rights Watch. According to the Coalition report, “April 10, 2017, near Mosul, Iraq, via Human Rights Watch organization: After a review of available information and strike video it was assessed that there is insufficient evidence to find that civilians were harmed in this strike.”

The Coalition shared the location of this assessed strike with Airwars. The location was stated as the Sekak neighbourhood in Mosul. This matches the location of a separate strike reported by Airwars (I489), also assessed as non-credible in the April 2017 civilian casualties report.

The strike was assessed as non credible based on the claim that “no Coalition strikes were conducted on that day in the geographic area of the reported civilian casualties.” However, the Coalition reported multiple strikes in Mosul that day.

No additional details are presently known.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Discounted
    Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (1) [ collapse]

CJTF–OIR Declassified Assessment and Press Release

Attached to this civilian harm incident is a provisional reconciliation of the Pentagon's declassified assessment of this civilian harm allegation, based on matching date and locational information.

The declassified documents were obtained by Azmat Khan and the New York Times through Freedom of Information requests and lawsuits filed since March 2017, and are included alongside the corresponding press release published by the Pentagon. Airwars is currently analysing the contents of each file, and will update our own assessments accordingly.

Declassified Assessment Press Release

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    Insufficient evidence of civilian harm
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • Stated location
    near Mosul, Iraq
    Nearest population center

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Nov 30, 2017
  • After a review of available information and strike video it was assessed that there is insufficient evidence to find that civilians were harmed in this strike.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For April 9th-10th the Coalition publicly stated: “Near Mosul, five strikes engaged five ISIS tactical units; destroyed five fighting positions, five mortar systems, three medium machine guns, and a vehicle; damaged 22 supply routes; and suppressed four mortar teams.”

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Discounted
    Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
  • Suspected attacker
    US-led Coalition

Sources (1) [ collapse]