Civilian Casualties

Civilian Casualties

Incident Code

ISPT0239a

Incident date

October 15, 2023

Location

قطاع غزة, Gaza Strip, the Gaza Strip

Airwars assessment

A young man, Khalil Omar Muhammad (Alyan Al-Astal), was allegedly killed by Israeli forces in the Gaza Strip on October 15th, 2023.

Funeral arrangements for the deceased were posted by the Al Astal Family Website and were planned for 10am in Al Nimsawi. A family member named Reda Salem Alastal also posted a condolence message for Khalil.

Airwars has matched the name of the civilian killed with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023, which explicitly mentions that names on the list are “victims of the Israeli aggression on the Gaza Strip”. As there was little other reporting on who was responsible, the strike status has been graded as “single source claim”, and the strike type as airstrike/and or artillery given the nature of Israeli actions at this time.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Khalil Omar Muhammad (Alyan Al-Astal) خليل عمر محمد- عليان الأسطل
27 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 401958533

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0229

Incident date

October 15, 2023

Location

مخيم البريج, Bureij camp, Deir Al Balah, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.437934, 34.403857 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least three people were injured in the Bureij camp in the central Gaza Strip when a house was reportedly hit by an alleged Israeli military aircraft/artillery shelling on October 15th, 2023. The Ministry of the Interior in Gaza also reported the incident.

The journalist Hassan Aslih reported that three people were injured when the bomb hit the Eid family home in the Bureij refugee camp. Only this source listed a specific number of injuries and a name for the family whose home was allegedly hit.

The victims were taken to Al-Aqsa Hospital.

@Khalediskef reported on “continuous artillery shelling” east of Bureij camp, while all other sources claim the bomb was dropped by an Israeli military aircraft.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (21) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: AJA.Egypt
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: AJA.Palestine

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the Bureij camp (مخيم البريج), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.437934, 34.403857. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (21) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0241a

Incident date

October 14, 2023

Location

منزل عائلة العجرمي, al-Ajrami temporary residence, Abu Arif Street, Deir al-Balah, the Gaza Strip

Airwars assessment

At least 38 people were killed, including 17 children and 12 women, and at least four others were injured, including three children and a woman, after an alleged Israeli airstrike on a home on Abu Arif Street in the Deir al-Balah region of Gaza on the afternoon of October 14th, 2023. Most of those killed were members of the al-Ajrami and Jouda families.

Al-Ghad reported that a total of 38 people were killed in the attack on the Jouda family home.

From the sources, 13 members of the Al-Ajrami family who were killed were identified. From the al-Ajrami family, 57 year old Dr. Ayed Atallah al-Ajrami (Abu Iyad) was killed, as was his wife 59 year old Samira al-Ajrami (Umm Iyad). 32 year old Lubna Ayed al-Ajrami was killed, along with her daughter, six year old Sham Muhammad Abu Obaid. Lubna’s sister Aya Ayed al-Ajrami was also killed with her daughter Nevin Muhammad al-Saati. Several other children were killed: seven year old Malik Muhammad al-Ajrami, their sibling five year old Bahaa Muhammad al-Ajrami, Amir Mahmoud al-Ajrami, eight/nine year old Ayed Iyad al-Ajrami, their sibling 13 year old Hala Iyad al-Ajrami, and six year old Zeina Ziad al-Ajrami. 32 year old Nadia Maher al-Rayes, the wife of Iyad (Ziad) al-Ajrami, was also killed, along with “her children”.

The deceased were remembered in multiple condolence posts on social media. Tamer al-Ajrami, a nephew, described Ayed as someone who “left his kind mark in everyone’s hearts” and “was a symbol of love and giving.” Salma el-Rayes, a cousin of Nadia al-Rayes, wrote that Nadia was a gifted engineer, who had once “won an award for her project to design an elevator for the disabled” and that she was survived by only her child. Images posted by Samer N Nabolsi appear to show Muhammad Al-Ajrami Abu Malik carrying the bodies of his children Malik and Bahaa.

According to Abdullah al-Ajrami, Ayed Atallah al-Ajrami and “fourteen martyrs from their sons, daughters and children” were killed while Ibrahim Melhem reported that 17 extended family members were killed. Anas Alamer Katrge added that “the rest of the family was seriously injured, and Aunt Jamila Talib Al-Amawi, wife of the martyr Abu Iyad Al-Ajrami, and the rest of the family are still in intensive care’. An image posted by Naser alshabat shows a deceased Lubna and “her nephew Zain” giving her a farewell look, while Zain looks to have an injury on his hand.

At least 20 members of the Jouda family were also killed, and their names were identified by the sources. Muhammed Abdulkader Jouda and his wife Samah Tayseer Fares Abu Joudeh (Ghannam) were killed with their sons Yosef Jouda, Mustafa Jouda and Khaled Jouda, and their infant daughter Khadija Jouda, . Muhammed Abdulkader’s brother Wesam Jouda and his daughter Shaima Jouda were also among those killed. Muhammed Abdulkader’s other brother Alaa Jouda was killed with his wife, who remains unnamed. Their children, sons Muhammed Jouda and Abu Bakr Jouda, and daughters Aisha Jouda and Maryam Jouda were also killed. Muhammed Abdulkader’s brother Ismail Jouda and his wife, again unnamed, were killed with their two sons, Abdulkader Jouda and Abdul Rahman Jouda. Muhammed Abdulkader and his siblings’ mother Faeda Ghannam (Hajja Umm Wesam) was among those killed.

Nibal Sukkar posted a condolence message for “21 male and female” members of the Abu Jouda family, including his uncles Alaa, Ismail, Muhammad, and Wesam, along with their families, adding that Muhammad’s eldest son Abdul Al-Qadir and his eldest daughter survived the strike. Ranim Manisy posted a memorial for her friend of more than 16 years Shaima Jouda who was a student of Oral and Dental Medicine at the University of Palestine, describing her as “my friend and my sister” and gave condolences to to Shaima’s mother “my dear teacher Miss Abeer” who wasn’t among those killed. Creative Smurfs Kindergarten also posted a condolence message for their students Abdulkader Jouda, Aisha Jouda and Abdul Rahman Jouda.

Lea Abdel Rahim Al-Jahjouh, Alaa Abdel Karim Abu Joudeh (Al-Assar), Rana Rafat Helmi Abu Mousameh (Al-Rahala), Ahmed Nour Ahmed Abu Lehiyah, Alaa Ayesh Abu Al-Aouf, and Manal Momen Majed Abu Al-Aouf were also named in sources as among those killed.

The al-Ajrami family had heeded prior Israeli warnings to move to the south of the Strip – Ayed Atallah al-Ajrami and his nephew Raji received a call from the Israeli military to move southwards immediately. CNN, drawing from records of the call, reported that IDF officials instructed civilians to move south but gave “no guidance on how to get there,” though Aaed al-Ajrami had asked which roads would be safest to take, being told “It doesn’t matter which road,” the officer replied. “Do it as fast as you can. There is no time left.” The family evacuated their northern home very early on the morning of October 13th, 2023, and traveled to a friend’s home eight miles away, in the safe zone of Deir al-Balah. They would be killed by an airstrike the next afternoon. According to multiple sources, the home belonged to Abu Wesam Jouda and was located opposite the “High Class” lounge on Abu Arif Street.

Ayed’s nephew, Raji, who was with him when he received the IDF guidance to evacuate, was staying at another building nearby when he heard the explosion and rushed to the scene. “The destruction was massive,” Raji said. “We started digging people out who were hit by the explosion, some of them were still alive … the gunpowder smell was very strong, the dust was everywhere.” Following the strike, Raja took in the injured children who survived the strike.

A funeral for the Al-Ajrami family took place in Deir al-Balah cemetery on October 15th, 2023.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces.

Where possible, Airwars has matched names with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of nearly 7000 victims’ names and ID numbers released on October 26th.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured in the afternoon.

The victims were named as:

Family members (13)

Aaed Atallah al-Ajrami عائد عطالله العجرمي
57 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 949863054
Samira al-Ajrami (Umm Iyad) سميرة العجرمي
59 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 906010459
Lubna Ayed al-Ajrami لبنى عائد العجرمي
32 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 803501972
Sham Muhammad Abu Obaid شام محمد ابو عبيد
6 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 438114787
Aya Ayed al-Ajrami آية عائد العجرمي
Adult female killed
Nevin Muhammad al-Saati يفين محمد الساعاتي
Child female killed
Malik Muhammad al-Ajrami مالك محمد العجرمي
7 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 437193063
Bahaa Muhammad al-Ajrami بهاء محمد العجرمي
5 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 440456457
Amir Mahmoud al-Ajrami امير محمود العجرمي
Child male killed
Ayed Iyad al-Ajrami عائد اياد العجرمي
8 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 434229407
Hala Iyad al-Ajrami حلا اياد العجرمي
13 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 429771926
Nadia Maher al-Rayes نادية ماهر الريس
32 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 802795534
Zeina Ziad al-Ajrami زينة زياد العجرمي 
6 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 438447666

Family members (21)

Samah Tayseer Fares Abu Joudeh (Ghannam) سماح تيسير فارس ابو جوده (غنام)
47 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 900965732
Muhammed Abdulkader Jouda محمد عبد القادر جودة
46 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 901624767
Yosef Jouda يوسف جودة
23 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 405946245
Mustafa Jouda مصطفى جودة
20 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 408781813
Khaled Jouda خالد جودة
18 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 421224064
Khadija Jouda خديجة جودة
7 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 436806194
Faeda Ghannam فائدة غنام
Age unknown female killed
Wesam Jouda وسام جودة
50 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 924435100
Shaima Jouda شيماء جودة
21 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 412276990
Alaa Jouda علاء ابو جودة
41 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 909086480
Alaa Jouda's wife (Unnamed)
Adult female killed
Muhammed Jouda محمد جودة
13 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 430547117
Abu Bakr Jouda أبو بكر جودة
Age unknown male killed
Aisha Jouda عائشة جودة
6 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 438477119
Maryam Jouda مريم جودة
1 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 445793391
Ismail Jouda اسماعيل جودة
Adult male killed
Ismail Jouda's wife (Unnamed)
Adult female killed
Abdulkader Jouda عبد القادر
7 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 437400823
Abdul Rahman Jouda عبد الرحمن
6 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 438510935
Aisha al-Louh عائشة اللوح
Age unknown female killed
Alaa Abdel Karim Abu Joudeh (Al-Assar) الاء عبد الكريم محمد ابو جوده
34 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 801203464

The victims were named as:

Rana Rafat Helmi Abu Mousameh (Al-Rahala) رنا رأفت حلمي الرحاله
31 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 803888890
Lea Abdel Rahim Al-Jahjouh ليا عبد الرحيم الجحجوح
Age unknown killed
Ahmed Nour Ahmed Abu Lehiyah أحمد نور احمد ابو لحيه
5 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 441133501
Alaa Ayesh Abu Al-Aouf الاء عايش أبو العوف
22 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 407830975
Manal Momen Majed Abu Al-Aouf منال مؤمن ماجد ابوالعوف
0.6 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 444391163

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    38
  • (17 children12 women8 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    4
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (63) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (58) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Khaled jouda
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Adnan alajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Muhammed abu tahoon
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Muhammed abu tahoon
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abdulla ajrami news
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abdulla ajrami news
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abdulla ajrami news
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Naser alshabat
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @basem1gaza
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @sariabdel
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: KG alsanafer
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Salma El Rayes
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Doha E. Hametto
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abdullah Ajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abdullah Ajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abdullah Ajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Samer N Nabolsi
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Samer N Nabolsi
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Etimad Abu Jalala
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Etimad Abu Jalala
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Etimad Abu Jalala
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Etimad Abu Jalala
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nasser Shabat
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Tamer Ajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marwan Elajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marwan Elajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marwan Elajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marwan Elajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marwan Elajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marwan Elajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marwan Elajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marwan Elajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marwan Elajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohammed Abu Tahon
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohammed Abu Tahon
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marina Sawah Saif
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marina Sawah Saif
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ibrahim Melhem
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Hisham Abu Asaker
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abo asenat
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Kareem Jouda
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Khaled Alsawaeer
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Imad alimade
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Imad al-Din Bashir Hamo
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Khaled Jouda
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shady M Sukker
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Tesnem
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed Ghannam
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Hassan Al-Ajrami
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source:
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    Source:
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  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    38
  • (17 children12 women8 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    4
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (63) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0200c

Incident date

October 14, 2023

Location

مدرسة الأونروا, UNRWA school, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.501954, 34.454236 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One woman was killed by alleged Israeli strikes on a United Nations Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) school in Tal al-Hawa on October 14, 2023.

Al Ayyam News reported that a displaced person named Kholoud Mahmoud Jundia was killed when Israeli forces struck a United Nations Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) school in Tal al-Hawa.

Family members and friends Shosho, Alaa Wael, Fedaa Jundia, Zehre and others posted similar condolence messages for Kholoud (also referred to as Umm Ahmed Mahmoud).

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Kholoud Mahmoud Jundia خلود محمود جندية
Age unknown female killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School, UN facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Zehre
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Fedaa.jondia
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: sali.hatem.9
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nisrien
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shames

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the UNWRA school (مدرسة الأونروا) in Tal al Hawa (تل الهوا) to the south of Gaza (غزة), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.501954, 34.454236. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    School, UN facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0175

Incident date

October 13, 2023

Location

شارع صلاح الدين والرشيد، بين دوار الدولة ودوار الكويت, Salah Al Din and Al Rashid streets, between the State Roundabout and the Kuwait Roundabout, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.483334, 34.445044 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Exact location (other) level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between 15:30 and 17:20 on Friday October 13th 2023, at least 12 civilians, including three women and three children, were killed in alleged Israeli airstrikes and/or artillery strikes. The strikes hit a convoy of citizens fleeing northern Gaza after instructions from the Israeli military to evacuate. Some reports said the number of civilians killed might be more than 70, with at least 150 and up to more than 200 civilians reported injured, including many displaced women, children and elderly people. Airwars was able to identify at least 12 victims killed by name.

According to an investigation carried out by the Financial Times and Airwars, the deadly explosions took place between the State Roundabout and the Kuwait Roundabout near the Bassem Aliwa Steel Company building. The incident occurred the day after Israel told more than one million civilians living in northern Gaza to flee south for their own safety.

A forensic review of the visual material by the FT/Airwars found that the explosions did not hit the truck carrying a large group of Palestinian civilians directly but a group of cars nearby, with the shrapnel likely responsible for the deaths of the majority of the fleeing civilians – who were seated on an uncovered truck.

Israel denied striking the street and suggested Hamas may have planted explosive devices along the evacuation route. Military analysts consulted by the Financial Times and Airwars said the shrapnel appeared consistent with an Israeli strike.

Palestine Alarabiya and Saddam Souad shared gruesome videos on Facebook showing the direct aftermath of the attack – burned cars and dead bodies lying on the ground amidst blood. Financial Times and Airwars Investigations wrote that videos of the aftermath verified by the media showed 12 bodies of men, women and children in Salah-ad-Din street, which Israel later designated a “safe route”. The media outlet also wrote that there were probably two explosions, one of which damaged an ambulance as it attempted to leave the scene with some of the injured.

The Palestinian Ministry of Health in Gaza confirmed that “large numbers” of dead and wounded, including women and children, had arrived at Al-Shifa Hospital.

Initially Almamlakah TV reported about 40 civilians killed and more than 150 civilians injured, but later the government media office spoke about a higher death toll of 70 victims killed and more than 200 injured in its press statement. Shehab Agency reported about the “death of more than 70 Palestinians and the injury of hundreds.”

Many victims of this attack remained unidentified. Palestinian Media Center shared the images of its crews performing funeral prayers for the unidentified deceased Palestinian civilians over the bodies wrapped in white cloth stained with blood.

Based on Facebook testimonies by family members, Airwars has identified 12 victims killed in the strike.

The deadly attack took the life of the wife of journalist Sameh Murad and injured a number of his family members. The Palestinian Journalists Syndicate extended its condolences to the colleague, who worked with Al Arabiya channel and remained at work to cover the events of the subsequent Israeli invasion of Al-Shifa Hospital.

The Amara family lost six family members, according to a Facebook post by Mahmoud Amara. A family relative Ahmad Amara shared that he lost his sisters, 24-year old Hanan Ayman Abdel Karim ‘Amara and 25-year old Safaa Hasan Muhammad ‘Amara, Hanan’s children and her fiance, and her fiance’s brother – 26-year old Adham Ayman Muhammad ‘Amara. Abu Mohammed Alfaran mourned the death of his cousins, Adham Amara and a 25-year old Muhammad Ayman Muhammad ‘Amara. Two young men were featured in the pictures attached to his Facebook post.

Youssef Atef Dabbour Asad mourned the death of his father, his brother Mohammad Dabbour Asad and his nephew Atef Dabbour Asad.

Among the victims of the attack was also “the polite young man”, Ismail Muhammad Al-Taweel, remembered in a tribute by Taweel and Shaar Ffamily on Facebook.

There were also victims killed from the Lanoush family. A heartfelt Facebook testimony by Lanoush Lanoush said”: “My uncle, my cousin, his wife, and my cousin were martyred, and their two sons were seriously injured, and they are in intensive care on their way to Salah al-Din.” However, Airwars did not find names and additional information about these victims.

Where possible, names of the victims have been matched with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023.

Where sources identified the belligerent, most sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces. In particular, BBC news and the Financial Times reported that based on video footage, the explosions were most likely caused by strikes launched by the Israeli military.

Financial Times carried out its own investigation in conjunction with Airwars, quoting a munition expert Desmond Travers who had investigated attacks across the globe including in Gaza. According to him, the attack was most probably carried out with a “precision-guided shrapnel-delivered missile”. He added: “There could have been several of them to create the effect I am seeing on the videos. If that is the case, then the attack would have been carried out by the Israelis.” However, Travers did not exclude the possibility of an improvised explosive device (IED) on the site being used. A spokesperson for the Israeli military, Lieutenant Colonel Jonathan Conricus, however, denied the allegations and stated that “Hamas is behind this, is using the death of Palestinian civilians for its vile political purposes”.

According to the investigation carried out by Al-Arabi Open Source Investigations Unit, the attack happened around three o’clock in the afternoon. The BBC investigation ascertained that the incident happened between 15:30 and 17:20 local time.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured between 3:30 pm and 5:20 pm local time.

The victims were named as:

Family members (7)

Hanan Ayman Abdel Karim 'Amara حنان عمارة
25 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 404759433
Safaa Hasan Muhammad 'Amara صفاء عمارة
24 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 404116071
Child of Hanan Ayman Abdel Karim 'Amara
Child killed
Child of Hanan Ayman Abdel Karim 'Amara
Child killed
Fiance of Hanan Ayman Abdel Karim 'Amara
Adult male killed
Adham Ayman Muhammad 'Amara ادهم عمارة
26 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 403058464
Muhammad Ayman Muhammad 'Amara محمد عمارة
25 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 404119117

Family members (3)

Mohammad Dabbour Asad محمد دبور اسعد
male killed
Atef Dabbour Asad عاطف دبور اسعد
16 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 424586741
Father of Youssef Atef Dabbour Asad
Adult male killed

The victims were named as:

wife of journalist Sameh Murad زوجة سامح مراد
Adult female killed
Ismail Muhammad Al-Taweel اسماعيل محمد الطويل
44 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 901458349

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Humanitarian evacuation
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12 – 71
  • (3 children3 women6 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    150–201
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Israeli Military, Palestinian Militants

Sources (28) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (26) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: AJA Mubasher facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Marina facebook
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    Source: Alwajiha facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Taweel and Shaar family facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Youssef Atef Dabbour Asad facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Youssef Atef Dabbour Asad facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abu Mohammed Alfaran facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abu Mohammed Alfaran facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Media Center facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Media Center facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Media Center facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Media Center facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: BBC News
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: BBC News
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    Source: BBC News
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Financial Times News
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    Source: Financial Times News
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

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Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention vehicles struck on the Salah Al Din (صلاح الدين) highway, to the south of Gaza city (غزة). The Financial Times, in collaboration with Airwars, narrowed the location down to an area at the following coordinates: 31.483334, 34.445044.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Palestinian Militants Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Palestinian Militants
  • Palestinian Militants position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Humanitarian evacuation
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12 – 71
  • (3 children3 women6 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    150–201
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Israeli Military, Palestinian Militants

Sources (28) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0187B

Incident date

October 13, 2023

Location

بيت لاهيا, Beit Lahia, North Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.551277, 34.509233 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On October 13th 2023, a young male civilian was killed in a bombing of the Al-Barawi family home located in Beit Lahia, Gaza Strip.

A post on social media from a relative, Wisam Al-Barawi, identified Mohammed Basem Al-Barawi as the civilian killed in the strike on Beit Lahia.

An image of the damaged house showing the collapse of the building was distributed on Facebook. It was also reported by local sources that no warning was provided before the strike.

None of the sources attributed the strike to a belligerent, therefore the strike status and civilian harm grading have been evaluated as contested.

Airwars was not able to match the named victim with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of nearly 7000 victims’ names and ID numbers released on October 26th.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Mohammed Basem Al-Barawi محمد باسم البراوي
Age unknown male killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Israeli Military, Palestinian Militants

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: THaer abu rayash facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Thaer Abu Rayash facebook

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town of Beit Lahia (بيت لاهيا), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.551277, 34.509233. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Palestinian Militants Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Palestinian Militants
  • Palestinian Militants position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Israeli Military, Palestinian Militants

Sources (10) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0108

Incident date

October 11, 2023

Location

شوكة, Al Shouka, Rafah, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.25864, 34.28244 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On October 11th 2023, an alleged airstrike/artillery strike by the Israeli military on the Fojo family house located in the Al-Shouka area, east of Rafah city in the Gaza Strip reportedly killed at least one civilian, 21-year old Osama Hani Youssef Fojo.

Human rights organisation Al Mezan noted that the Fojo family house was one of the homes to be destroyed in Rafah during a period of intense bombardment by Israeli forces.

The late Osama Hani Fojo was mentioned in a number of social media obituaries posted by friends and family members. His uncle Mohsen Ahmad Fojo wrote in a Facebook testimony: “My nephew, the beloved of my heart, my soul, a martyr, Osama Hani Fojo.” He also posted a video of Osama’s funeral. According to Mohsen, four of Osama’s siblings (Khaled, Muhammad, Ahmed, and Bosli) had also died but the post did not specify when. Nourdeen Shaweesh expressed his condolences to the neighbouring Fojo family on the death of their son.

Airwars was able to find Osama Fojo’s name among the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Usama Hani Fojo اسامة هاني فوجو
21 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 412314544

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohsen ahmad Fojo facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nourdeen Shaweesh facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohsen Ahmad Fojo facebook
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Al Shouka (شوكة), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.25864, 34.28244. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0134e

Incident date

October 11, 2023

Location

خزاعة, Khuza’a, Khan Yunis, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.307314, 34.360372 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On Wednesday, October 11th 2023, an elderly civilian male, Haji Muslim Mahmoud Ahmad Qadeeh (Abu Ayesh) (78) was injured in his home in Khuza’a, Khan Yunis in the Gaza Strip, and later died from his injuries on October 13th. Sources did not specify how Muslim Qudayh Abu Ayesh received his injuries.

Many family members and friends mourned his death on social media and posted pictures of him.  Adham Shanino posted on Facebook “May God have mercy on your soul, my grandfather, Muslim Qadeeh Abu Ayesh. To Allah we belong and to Him we shall return. A martyr who refused to leave my village, Khuza’a, until he ascended to heaven”, sharing an image of the victim, an elderly smiling man in traditional clothing.

Majeb Diyab Qudaih wrote on Facebook that his funeral took place on the same day he died, and shared images with people praying over the elderly victim’s body wrapped in a shroud, with the caption “The funeral of the body of our martyr, Hajj Muslim Qadeeh Abu Ayesh, took place a short while ago/ He rose while he was at his home in our town, Khuza’a.” The grandson of Abu Ayesh wrote on Facebook that he was unwilling to leave his home village after Israeli forces allegedly “threatened to evacuate the town.”

Sourced did not identify the belligerent, but Airwars has matched the name of the civilian killed with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023, which explicitly mentions that names on the list are “victims of the Israeli aggression on the Gaza Strip”. Therefore, the Strike Status for this incident has been graded as a Single Source Claim and the Civilian Harm Status was graded as Fair.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Muslim Mahmoud Qudayh Abu Ayesh مسلم محمود قديح أبو عايش
78 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 950040410

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (8) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Louai Qadeeh
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Louay Qudaih
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abdelrahman Shnaino
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rizq Qudayh
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Musa Walid Ashnino
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohammed W Shnino
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Majed Diyab Qudaih
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town of Khuza’a (خزاعة), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.307314, 34.360372. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (16) [ collapse]