The Coalition announced on June 2nd 2017 that it had killed a civilian in the al Zerai area of West Mosul. A senior government official unofficially informed Airwars that the strike was Belgian.

According to the civilian casualty report, “March 21, 2017, near Mosul, Iraq, via self-report: During a strike on an ISIS mortar position firing on Iraqi Security Forces, it was assessed that one civilian was unintentionally killed when he entered the target area after the munition was released.”

Coordinates provided to Airwars by the Coalition placed the event at 38SLF 28990 24005 – which did not correspond locationally with any other public reports that day.

Though there were multiple alleged civilian casualty incidents reported in Mosul on March 21st, as part of a routine enquiry a Coalition official provided Airwars with the exact coordinates of the raid in question – placing it in the city’s July 17th  neighborhood. Airwars had previously monitored a public report of civilian casualties in the near vicinity for that date, though details were sparse prior to the Coalition’s admission.

A New York Times investigation provided details that “early one morning, a scrap vendor named Ali set out from his home in West Mosul with his trusty red cart, which he usually filled with cans, bottles and metal — whatever he might be able to sell. That day he was looking for a wheat-grinding machine to turn his family’s wheat into flour. When he didn’t return in the afternoon, his mother, Ruzqaya, pictured here, began to worry. She wound up searching for more than a month before she found his cart, near the site of a coalition airstrike that had targeted an ISIS mortar position. “The person pushing the cart appears to have been struck by ejecta from the blast,” the military’s credibility assessment states. “The person pushing the cart was not associated with the strike and is presumed to be a civilian.” According to eyewitnesses, Ali died almost instantly from shrapnel to the head.”

It remains unclear whether Belgium challenges the Coalition’s assessment for this Mosul incident. In July 2017, Colonel J. Poesen, head of operations at the Belgian Air Force, informed Airwars that the case was no longer under investigation by Belgium.

Belgium’s refusal to accept public responsibility for any civilian deaths it has been implicated in may relate to its apparent insistence that only cases which might violate international law should be investigated. According to Colonel Poesen, all incidents reported to the national Public Prosecutor have so far been been declared not to have violated international law and so had been filed without further follow-up.

Poesen went on to say that “even if there were to be casualties, it would be completely in line with the rules of engagement and the pilot would not have been guilty.” In a press statement on July 6th Colonel Poulsen also repeated Belgium’s denial that any civilians had been hurt in either Iraq or Syria: “We can proudly state that we are achieving all of our goals. Our objective of 100% mission effectiveness, without civilian casualties, continues to be the reality,” he said.

Such remarks have implied that only incidents which potentially breached international humanitarian law might be investigated. This would place Belgium at odds with the Coalition, which has indicated that all civilian deaths so far admitted in Iraq and Syria have resulted from lawful – if unfortunate – actions.

In March 2020, Airwars and De Morgen published an investigation revealing that Belgium was refusing to accept responsibility for civilian harm in this and other events.

Asked to say whether its aircraft were responsible for officially declared civilian harm in up to nine incidents, the Belgian Ministry of Defence told Airwars by email: “For the year 2017, BAF [Belgian Armed Forces] was certainly not involved in all events. With regard to the other data given, BAF was no longer present in theatre. BAF completed its role at the end of 2017. Our conclusion is that all ROEs [rules of engagement] were respected as confirmed by our federal court.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

In an incident not previously tracked by Airwars, the Coalition confirmed the deaths of five civilians in an event in Mosul while survivors’ accounts add that at least three others were severely injured in the airstrikes.

Their June 2017 civilian casualty report noted “During a strike on an ISIS VBIED, it was assessed that five civilians were unintentionally killed.”

An investigation by the New York Times uncovered more details that “following orders from ISIS to evacuate their West Mosul neighborhood, two brothers, Majid Mahmoud Ahmed and Firas Mahmoud Ahmed, were driving with their families in two cars across town. At the same time, coalition forces were monitoring surveillance video of the area, looking to strike what intelligence had indicated was an up-armored vehicle carrying a car bomb. An official mistakenly identified the brothers’ cars as those carrying car bombs, and the strike was authorized. “I remember there was a big explosion, and I fainted,” said Abdul Hakeem Abdullah Hamash al-Aqeedi, pictured above. The cars were passing his house when the weapon hit. He lost an eye and had a plate put into his left leg. His son, Mustafa Hakeem Abdullah, had his left leg amputated from the thigh down. His nephew, who had been a nursing-school student, lost four toes on his left foot and one on his right foot and still has shrapnel in his leg. The brothers and their family members in the cars were all killed.”

The coordinates provided to Airwars – 36.324100, 43.127258 placed this event at Wadi Hajar neighbourhood in Mosul. There were two additional claimed events in Mosul that day – including an event at nearby Rifai which killed five civilians – although based on this location being 4.6 km distant, this does appear to be a separate incident.

The local time of the incident is unknown.