Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS717

Incident date

March 8, 2016

Location

الجنينة, Al Jneina, Deir ez-Zor, Syria

Geolocation

35.3680555, 40.1196671 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One adult male civilian died in an explosion from the remains of a cluster bomb in Jneina, Deir Ezzor, allegedly dropped by a Russian warplane, according to multiple sources.

Four sources named the civilian as 45-year-old Sawadi Salloum, all saying he was killed in a cluster bomb explosion following a raid that morning.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Sawadi Salloum,
45 years old male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has published no known record of strikes in Syria for March 1st to March 30th.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS749

Incident date

April 7, 2016

Location

الضمير, Dumayr, Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

33.642499, 36.690551 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One adult male civilian was killed and many people wounded in an alleged Russian or regime airstrike on Dumayr, according to local sources.

The Violations Documentation Center names Omar Mahdi al-Khasi and says he was killed “due to Russian air forces shelling”. However, in a tweet by Marwanqadi it was reported that he “died in a regime warplanes raid on Dumair’s fields”. A tweet by Zakkarya Nassani also blamed the regime and reported the “destruction of a school in Damascus after shelling of explosive barrels”.

In a tweet by Abumaherdumair it was stated that Mahdi al-Khasi was killed “in regime shelling in the areas controlled by IS”. A tweet by Alamawi also reported the incident and spoke of “many injured in warplane shelling on Al-Dumair”, but did not state who was allegedly responsible for the strike. A tweet by Damir Coordination equally mentioned the incident and spoke of “two aerial raids targeting Al-matroon fields”.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Victim of the contested airstrikes in Dumair, Damascus, Omar Mahdi al Khasi (via VDC)
  • Al-Dumair school after being targeting by the contested airstrikes (via Zakkarya Nassani tweet)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

The Kremlin has issued no public accounts of airstrikes in Syria from April 1st – 30th.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS782

Incident date

April 29, 2016

Location

حي بستان القصر, Bustan al Qasr (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.19569, 37.14229 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between three and seven civilians including two children died in raids on Bustan al Qasr, according to local sources. All sources but one blamed the regime – though Shaam News Network mentioned Russian and regime warplanes.

In a video issued by Shaam News Network a White Helmet member says that “there were four barrels thrown on Bustan Al-Qaser in the last hour. There are five martyrs and 10 injured somewhere else. And in another place [there are] 10 injured, and in a third one 10 injured, and here there are many injured and they are looking for a missing boy and found him. The White Helmets crew is ready to do their duties.”

In another video, Hadi Al-Abdullah explains that “it is a very difficult place to rescue the injured, because they are open to the regime sniper. There are regime helicopters and warplanes all over the sky.” Hadi’s video also captured barrel throwing on civilians as it happened.

World Akhbar news reports that “six people were killed and others injured on Friday evening due to aerial bombing by the Syrian regime that targeted Bustan Al-Qaser neighborhood, in the city of Aleppo, with explosive barrels. Syrian activists said the shelling caused the complete destruction of “Bustan Al-Qaser medical point” in the center of Aleppo.”

An Al Jazeera reporter, Montaser Abu-Nabut, stated that 7 people were killed and tens were injured including women and children in raids by Syrian and Russian warplanes on Bustan Al-Qaser, Al-Helluk, Bab Al-Neirab, Al-Kallaseh, Al-Tarrab, and A’ziza neighbours.

Rm_hamada tweeted an image of a girl along with the following text: “#Hala is a little girl from Aleppo, crying over her mom’s body after being hit with a barrel [that was] thrown on their flat in Bustan Al-Qaser.”

Alkalimah_online also reported the incident in a tweet, saying that according to Syrian activists “Bustan Al_Qaser medical point was completely destroyed by explosive barrels.” In a report, Abarah Press reported that the death toll had risen to 25 people and dozens were wounded in a “rocket bombardment on Bustan Al-Qaser neighborhood and Kallaseh neighbourhood”.

The White Helmets said that three civilians were killed by regime barrel bombs, while the Syrian Network  also blamed the regime and said of three victims two were children.

According to the Syrian Observatory, all of the strikes in the previous eight days were carried out by the regime. They said that “about 226 civilians including over 50 women and children [were] killed in 8 days of heavy bombardment on Aleppo city“.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 7
  • (2 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (10) [ collapse]

  • Video showing the immediate aftermath of the strikes targeting Bustan al-Qasr, where there reportedly are regime helicopters and warplanes in the sky (via Hadi Al-Abdullah Youtube )
  • The aftermath of the contested strikes targeting Bustan al-Qasr, Aleppo (via Baladi News Network)
  • Aerial shelling of Bustan Al-Qasr, Aleppo (via Taha_alhelo tweet)
  • A little girl is crying over the death of her mother who was reportedly killed by barrel bombs (via Rm_hamad tweet)
  • Aftermath of the airstrikes targeting Bustan al-Qasr (via SNN)
  • Aftermath of the airstrikes targeting Bustan al-Qasr (via SNN)
  • Aftermath of the airstrikes targeting Bustan al-Qasr (via SNN)
  • Injured civilian in the aftermath of strikes targeting Aleppo, possibly in Bustan al-Qasr (via AMC)
  • Injured civilian in the aftermath of strikes targeting Aleppo, possibly in Bustan al-Qasr (via AMC)
  • Aftermath of strikes targeting Aleppo, possibly in Bustan al-Qasr (via AMC)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

The Kremlin has issued no public accounts of airstrikes in Syria from April 1st – 30th.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 7
  • (2 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS814

Incident date

May 28, 2016

Location

مسكنة, Maskanah, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

35.963172, 38.035655 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One unnamed civilian was reported killed and two or more injured in alleged regime (or possibly Russian) airstrikes on Maskaneh.

No additional details are presently known.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Translation: Regime warplane shelling killed a civilian and wounded others in Maskanah. (via LccSY)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between May 1st – 31st.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS847

Incident date

June 4, 2016

Location

القاطرجي, Al Qaterji (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.1995518, 37.1815538 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to 30 civilians died in multiple airstrikes on Al Qaterji, according to local sources – though reports were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were responisble.

Multiple reports by LCCSY attributed the incident to Russia, while the Syrian Network for Human Rights also blamed Moscow for firing missiles on “residential homes near a hardware warehouse”, killing 12 civilians.

However, other reports pointed to helicopters and “explosive barrels” though the culprits were not identified.

But a number of sources, including Orient news, directly blamed the Assad regime. According to Qasioun, “regime helicopters committed a massacre in Al-Qaterji killing ten people and wounding 15 more when they threw explosive barrels on residential buildings in the neighborhood.”

Al Jazeera blamed both Russia and regime for carrying out more than two dozen raids. Similarly, other sources  didn’t make it clear whether Russia or the regime was responsible.

Shaam News referred to “warplanes” and “barrel bombs” – but a later report mentioned “Assad regime raids”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 30
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (29) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (9) [ collapse]

  • 'The correspondent of Aleppo Media Centre Bahaa al halabi with head wounds sustained while covering the raids on al Qaterji neighbourhood in Aleppo' (via SNN)
  • A child is rescued from under the rubble in Al-Qaterji (Youtube via Qasioun News Agency)
  • "Helicopters committed a massacre caused death of more than 15 martyrs and a large number of injuries as a result of targeting Al Qaterji neighborhood of Aleppo, four explosive barrels" (via Syria-reporter)
  • A video of destruction at Al Qaterji (Youtube by The White Helmets)
  • "martyrs and wounded in al Qaterji and al Mayssar neighbourhoods in Aleppo following air raids and barrel bombs" (Video via SNN Facebook)
  • "the correspondent of Aleppo Media Centre Bahaa al halabi with head wounds sustained while covering the raids on al Qaterji neighbourhood in Aleppo" (via SNN Facebook)
  • The destruction of buildings in al Qaterji (via SNN Facebook)
  • The destruction of buildings in al Qaterji (via SNN Facebook)
  • The destruction of buildings in al Qaterji (via SNN Facebook)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 30
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (29) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS879

Incident date

June 9, 2016

Location

حي السكري, Sukkari (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.17594, 37.14111 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

According to LCCSY and Alamwai, one child and an elderly man were killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on the Sukkari neighborhood in Aleppo.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 child1 man)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 child1 man)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS911 CS232

Incident date

June 17, 2016

Location

المنصورة, Al Mansoura, Ar Raqqah, Syria

Geolocation

35.83869, 38.7462902 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between three and five civilians died and up to 17 others were wounded in an airstrike on Al Mansoura village, according to local media. Multiple reports said a strike hit a car travelling along the al Rasafa road and killed those inside. It was unclear who was responsible for the deaths, with allegations against Russia, the US-led Coalition and the Assad regime.

Smart reported “International coalition planes carry out a raid on the village of al Al Mansoura in Al Ar Raqqahh”, along with multiple other sources.

Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently attributed the event to Russia, reporting the death of “three martyrs following a Russian strike that targeted al Rasafa junction. One victims car was allegedly “totally burnt out.” Orient News also suspected Moscow.

Step News Agency and 7al did not identify the culprit, they put the death toll at five – 7al repoted 17 others wounded.

The Syrian Network for Human Rights was the only source to blame the regime, it said that warplanes killed three non-combatants.

Zamanalwasl added that a number of residential homes were also destroyed and published an image of the ruins.

In the second of their March 2020 civilian casualty reports, the US-led Coalition assessed reports that they were responsible for civilian harm in this strike as “non-credible”, stating that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area at that time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Abdul Husain al-Abbas
45 years old From the village, Rasim al Baath killed
Abu Hamza
Adult From the village of Talbissa killed
Khalil Ayed al Razzouk
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 5
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–17
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, US-led Coalition

Sources (30) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • The ruins of civilians' homes following an airstrike on Al Mansoiura, June (via Zamanalwasl)
  • First Quarter Street in al Tabaqa following alleged Russian raids (via Baladi)
  • A building destroyed in Al Mansoura (via 7al)
  • 'Al Baath Village: Walid Al Abbas, 45 years old '

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Unknown

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • MGRS coordinate
    37SDV770660
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Mar 25, 2020
  • June 17, 2016, in Al Mansoura, Syria, via Airwars report. After a review of all available records it was assessed that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area that corresponds to the report of civilian casualties. 2975/CS232 37SDV770660

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For June 17th-18th: Near Ar Raqqah, two strikes struck an ISIL-used logistics route and an ISIL-used culvert.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 5
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–17
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, US-led Coalition

Sources (30) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS945

Incident date

June 27, 2016

Location

المهندسين, Al Muhandissin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.0962042, 36.9626427 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One child died and several other civilians were wounded in an alleged Russian airstrike on al-Muhandissin, according to local media.

Halab Today said that  “a child was martyred and another injured following the targeting of Russian planes of al Muhandissin countryside in the western Aleppo countryside”.

Two independent sources attributed the strike to Russia while the rest did not identify the responsible party.

@syrianpc referred to the “martyrdom of people in the countryside of Al Muhandissin”, but did not specify how many.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]