Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS1162

Incident date

August 17, 2016

Location

إدلب, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.93130, 36.630222 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Fifteen named civilians were among those killed in multiple airstrikes on Idlib, local media reported. Sources were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Assad regime were responsible – though the event was referred to as a “horrific massacre” in several reports. Dozens more civilians were said to have been wounded.

A popular market, “the ball rotor area of the city” and the area near the National Hospital were reportedly struck.

Death counts varied, from 15 (Aa) to 27 civilians (Mada). These sources blamed Russia.

However, Step and Syria News Desk attributed the event to the regime. According to Syria News Desk, “twenty-three civilians died and more than 30 others were wounded – many seriously – in regime military action. There were three raids with rockets and cluster bombs, striking residential buildings near the hospital clinics and other areas”.

Syria Press Center added that many civilian homes were destroyed.

A number of sources didn’t identify the culprit. The highest death toll was given by Zaitonmag, at 28.

Hi Idlib named 12 civilian fatalities, ‘Plus five unknown martyrs’

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

33 years old killed
30 years old killed
3 years old

The victims were named as:

4 years old killed
20 years old killed
60 years old killed
13 years old killed
17 years old killed
33 years old killed
40 years old killed
13 years old killed
20 years old killed
45 years old killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    20 – 28
  • (5 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (20) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (14) [ collapse]

  • Zakaria Bhro, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian Regime raid. (via, Hi Idlib)
  • Muhammad Wajih Nassan, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian Regime raid. (via, Hi Idlib)
  • Salim Naas, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian Regime raid. (via, Hi Idlib)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A body is pulled from the rubble by the White Helmets following an alleged raid. Syrian civil defense in Idlib)
  • The aftermath of the incident including interviews with local civilians. (via, Maaz al-shami)
  • Damage caused to local shops. (via, Baladi)
  • The aftermath of the alleged raid. (via, SyrianPC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The White Helmets carry an injured child to an ambulance. (via, Alkhabar_Agency)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The White Helmets carry an injured child to an ambulance. (via, Alkhabar_Agency)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The rescue of wounded civilians. (via, shababRevolution)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian casualty is dragged from the rubble. (via, shababRevolution)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured civilian is dragged from the rubble following an alleged raid on Idlib. (via, JisirTV)
  • The aftermath of the alleged raid. (via, Mada News)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the globe roundabout, the area near the National Hospital and the vegetable market being struck. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further. The generic coordinates of the roundabout are 35.93130, 36.630222.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

On August 17th 2016, the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation reported that, "Russian bombers Su-34 took off from Hamedan airbase (Islamic Republic of Iran) with full fragmentation bomb charge and made an airstrike on ISIS terrorist facilities in the Deir ez-Zor province. As a result, 2 command centres and large ISIS field training camps near the Deir ez-Zor city were destroyed, over 150 militants (with foreign mercenaries among them) were eliminated."

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    20 – 28
  • (5 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (20) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1195

Incident date

August 27, 2016

Location

صلخ, Salakh, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

36.12706, 36.73477

Airwars assessment

Two civilians including a child died and as many as dozens more were wounded in an airstrike on Taftanaz, according to local media. The majority of sources blamed Russia, though the Syrian Network for Human Rights’ attributed the event to “government warplanes and its allies”. Alsharq also blamed the regime.

@SyrianArwad , @SyrianFnn, @ShahbaPress, @EdlibEMC all pointed to Russia, putting the death toll at two with 10 more injured.

According to LCCSY, “a man and a child died and dozens were wounded in Russian raids on Shalakh near the village of Taftanaz”.

The Violations Documentation Center listed and unidentified adult male and and unidentified female child as fatalities.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 child1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    10–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (17) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between August 20th – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 child1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    10–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (17) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1227

Incident date

September 5, 2016

Location

غرناطة, Gharnata, Homs, Syria

Geolocation

34.89419, 36.67881

Airwars assessment

Two civilians were killed and others wounded an alleged Russia airstrike on Ghirnata village, according to local media.

Nabd Syria and LCCSY blamed Russian airstrikes for the death of two non-combatants.

Other sources mentioned artillery and air strikes in the area but didn’t say who carried them out.

However, Homs Media Center reported regime actions in the area, saying that “regime forces stationed in Krad Al-Dasneya village fire artillery shells in Ghirnatah” – though the source made no mention of civilian casualties.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between September 1st – 30th 2016.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1259

Incident date

September 11, 2016

Location

الحامدية, Al Hamdiya, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.614779, 36.657085 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An unspecified number of civilians were injured in alleged Russian airstrikes on Al Hamdiya village, sources on the ground reported.

According to Shahba, “Many civilians were wounded due to Russian warplanes shelling in Al-Hamediya village in southern Idlib”.

Step News added that “Russian planes targeted the edges of al Hamdiya village south of Maarat al Numan in the southern countryside and there was news of casualties.”

RFS and Omaralmarawi said that many children and women were wounded, but didn’t apportion blame.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between September 1st – 30th 2016.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–10
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1292

Incident date

September 21, 2016

Location

الفردوس, Al Fardous (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.180995, 37.151892 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A young girl named Qamar was killed by alleged Russian or Assad regime airstrikes in the al Ferdos neighborhood of Aleppo, according to local media. Sources also reported further civilians trapped under the rubble.

Qasioun and Halab news blamed Russia, but most others were silent on the identity of those responsible.

@Shahed_alep tweeted, “warplanes aimed at the neighborhoods of Al Mashad, Salahuddin and Al Fardous with heavy machine guns.”

@AleppoAMC tweeted that two barrel bombs were used, while Shahid-ayan pointed directly to “shelling by Assad”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Qamar
Child female killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Unknown

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Multiple sources reported that the girl named Qatar was killed in airstrikes in Al Fardous neighborhood, Aleppo (via Shahed_Alep tweet)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between September 1st – 30th 2016.

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Unknown

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1324

Incident date

September 23, 2016

Location

بشقاتين, Bishqatin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.2036137, 36.9954354 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least sixteen civilians from two families were killed, and “dozens” more wounded in airstrikes on the village of Bishqatin, located in the countryside west of Aleppo, according to local media. The majority of sources blamed Russia, though one report by the Syrian Network for Human Rights mentioned Syrian regime involvement.

Jaafr M Deen 01Halab News’ list of martyrs for the strike numbered 16 casualties, most of which matched the names on the @Syriamubasher list.

Sky News Arabia corroborated these reports, stating, “the air strikes on Bishqatin resulted in the death of “a man and his wife and child and a woman and five of her children and another woman and her five children.”

Alghad News also referred to the death of 12 individuals from one family. These reports, and the names of the dead, suggest that the two families were related.

Other news outlets put the number of dead higher. @baladinetwork tweeted that 16 in total were killed, and posted several pictures of local workers using a bulldozer to sift through the rubble.

Zamanalwasl News put the death toll still higher at 17. @Shahbapress tweeted that the strikes “martyred 19 civilians, including women and children, and injured about 30 others.”

According to Eldorar News, “the air strikes targeted a house which consisted of two floors with displaced families.”

The White Helmets posted a video to YouTube in which three children are pulled, alive but bloodied, out of the rubble. A fourth body, which looks to be of a prepubescent boy, is retrieved dead and wrapped in a carpet.

While most sources blamed Russia for this event, the Syrian Network for Human Rights attributed it to “government warplanes” and “allies”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (11)

Aliaa Omar Ali
Child killed
Mohammed Omar Ali
Child killed
Alia Ali Ali
Child killed
Mariam Omar Ali
Child killed
Maram Omar al Ali
Child killed
Hassan Omar Ali
Child killed
Omar Ali Maram
Child killed
Mohammed Ali Al-Ali
Child killed
The mother - Fatima Ahmed Ammuna
Adult female killed
Marwa Ali Ali
Child killed
Rola Ali Ali
Child killed

Family members (4)

Mohammed Hussein Ibn Hussein
Age unknown male killed
Omar Hussein Mohammed Hussein Ali
11 months years old killed
Hussein Mohammed Hussein Ali
34 years old male killed
Rima Omar El Haaj Omar
Adult female killed

The victims were named as:

Kifaa Abdulaziz Mustafa
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    16 – 21
  • (11 children2–3 women3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (42) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (8) [ collapse]

  • The White Helmets work through the rubble in Bishqatin - the impact of alleged Russian warplane shelling, Sept 23rd (Youtube via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civilians pulled from under the rubble in Bishqatin by The White Helmet rescue team. The aftermath of suspected Russian airstrikes, Sept 23rd(Youtube via Thiqa)
  • A reporter at the scene in Bishqatin following alleged Russian airstrikes, Sept 23rd (Youtube via Jaafr M Deen 01)
  • Rubble and destruction on the streets of Bishqatin, Sept 23rd (via @AleppoAMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Very distressing images of child victims of alleged Russian warplane shelling in Bishqatin, Sept 23rd (via @salqin)
  • Photographs of The White Helmet resuce mission in Bishqatin (via @baladinetwork)
  • Members of The White Helmets search for victims of alleged Russian warplane massacre in Bishqatin (via @RevolutionSyria)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The White Helmets pull multiple child victims from underneath a destroyed building in Bishqatin, Sept 23rd (via The White Helmets)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between September 1st – 30th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    16 – 21
  • (11 children2–3 women3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (42) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1356

Incident date

September 26, 2016

Location

حي المشهد, Al Mashad (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.1834027, 37.1369648 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

LCCSY reported four dead civilians as a result of alleged Russian airstrikes on the Al Mashhad neighbourhood of Aleppo.

It added that “some people were wounded.”

Currently there is no more information available.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between September 1st – 30th 2016.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1389

Incident date

October 2, 2016

Location

الشيخ فارس, al Sheikh Faress, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.228731, 37.177649 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to four civilians including two children died in an alleged Russian or regime airstrike on Aleppo’s al Sheikh Faress neighbourhood, according to local media.

Information was sparse but al-Hayat reported that “according to the Syrian Observatory, two children were killed in Sheikh Fares due to warplanes shelling” while Halab News Network reported that the strikes led to four unidentified casualties.

@MohAlkhatib tweeted that “more than 15 warplanes carried out raids in Sheikh Fares and Sheik Khodur in Aleppo in half an hour”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 4
  • (2 children)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between October 1st – 19th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 4
  • (2 children)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (5) [ collapse]