Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS1721

Incident date

November 29, 2016

Location

خان شيخون, Khan Sheikhoun, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.44208, 36.65095 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Three civilians from one family – a man, his wife and his son – died and two other children from the family were wounded in an airstrike on Khan Sheikhoun, according to soirces on the ground.

Egypt Today: “On Monday, at least eight raids were carried out on areas in the town of Khan Sheikhan in the southern Idlib countryside, killing a man and his wife and wounding other children”.

Ammar khattab posted on Facebook that hi\s brother “Yamin and his wife Ola Alaa Al-Rajab and his son Ahmad” had died and that “his sons Nur al-Din and Zina” were wounded.

Samrabohazem published graphic photos of the deceased children.

While most sources blamed Russia, Rozana FM reported that the regime had also carried out strikes “on several areas of the town of Idlib, including the neighborhoods of Khan Sheikun”.

The incident occured at approximately 12:00 am local time.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Yamin
Adult male killed
Ola Alaa Al-Rajab
Adult female Wife of Yamin killed
Ahmad
Child male Son of Yamin killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (1 child1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (6) [ collapse]

  • Translation: 'The warplanes targeted the towns of Khan_shikhun, Ma'ara Horma and Ma'arrah al-Nu'man in the countryside of Idlib, resulting in 10 civilians being killed and others injured. Tuesday, November 29.'
  • Yamin, killed alongside his wife and child in an airstrike on Khan Sheikhoun, Nov 29th 2016 (via Ammar khattab on Facebook)
  • Another image of Yamin, published by his brother Ammar khattab on Facebook.
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The body of a child, killed in a strike on Khan Sheikhoun, Nov 29th 2016 (via Samrabohazem)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Another child , wounded in the Nov 29th Khan Sheikhoun strike (via Samrabohazem)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Another child , killed or wounded in the Nov 29th Khan Sheikhoun strike (via Samrabohazem)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town of Khan Sheikhoun (خان شيخون), for which the generic coordinates are: 35.44208, 36.65095. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between November 1st – 30th 2016.

On 6 January 2017, Russia, however, reported: “Since November 8, 2016, the aircraft carrier group of the Northern Fleet consisting of the heavy aircraft carrying cruiser Admiral Kuznetsov, the heavy nuclear missile cruiser Pyotr Velikiy, the large ASW ship Severomorsk, as well as auxiliary vessels of the Black Sea Fleet, has been fulfilling counterterrorist missions on the territory of Syria”, adding that ”in the course of two months of their participation in the combat actions, naval aviation pilots have carried out 420 combat sorties, 117 of them were night ones.”

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (1 child1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1999

Incident date

March 21, 2017

Location

كفرسجنة, Kafr Sajna, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.52447, 36.590051 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to three civilians including one child were reported killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on Kafr Sajna, according to local media sources.

All of the sources who attributed responsibility for the event stated that it was Russian warplanes that struck Kafr Sajna that day.

According to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, “suspected Russian warplanes fired missiles on Al Gharbi neighbourhood in Kafr Sajna village”.

Local Kafr Sajna identified the three victims.

Some of the sources indicate that other civilians were wounded during the attack, but none of them said how many.

@EdlibNN tweeted that there was “a martyr and wounded by an airstrike from Russian warplanes,” however, other sources indicate that the young girl was initially wounded and died later that day, raising the death toll. 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Adult male killed
Adult killed
Child female killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 3
  • (1 child1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • Translation: "Martyrdom: Abdul Sattar Kandah Kamel Ahmed Kandah The child, Hanadi Kamel Kandah I am to God and to him I return the speedy recovery of the wounded and the mercy and forgiveness of the martyrs and the patience and solace of their descendants"
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    One of the civilians, Abdul Sattar Kundah, who died in an alleged Russian airstrike on Kafr Sajna, 21st March 2017. (Via: Younus Kandah).
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    One of the civilians, Abdul Sattar Kundah, who died in an alleged Russian airstrike on Kafr Sajna, 21st March 2017. (Via: Younus Kandah).
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    One of the civilians, Abdul Sattar Kundah, who died in an alleged Russian airstrike on Kafr Sajna, 21st March 2017. (Via: Younus Kandah).

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between March 1st – 31st 2017.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 3
  • (1 child1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2043

Incident date

March 29, 2017

Location

جبل الشيخ, Jabal al Sheikh, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

34.069166, 37.331346 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least three people were killed in airstrikes against Jabal al Sheikh in the Aleppo governorate, local media said, It was unclear whether those that were killed were militants or civilians.

According to Halab Today TV, the airstrikes were carried out by Russia planes. However, only one source reported on the incident.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • List of those killed in airstrikes on March 29th, 2017 - including Jabal al Sheikh (via Halab Today TV youtube)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2682

Incident date

November 5, 2017

Location

صبيخان, Sebikhan, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Geolocation

34.85305, 40.59987 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

As many as three people were killed in shelling on a displaced persons camp and Mosque in Sebikhan in Sabikhan desert, according to local media. One source blamed the Syrian regime for the airstrikes, however the others blamed “renewed Russian shelling”.

Step News Agency reported that there were unspecified numbers of dead and wounded.

Syrian Network for Human Rights reported that “Syrian regime warplanes fired missiles on a mosque in Sbaikhan city in Deir Ez-Zour governorate eastern suburbs, partially damaging its building and furniture, on November 5, 2017.” They did not report any civilian casualties.

The Observatory and @EuphratesPost also reported that there was no civilian harm.

The final source reported on the deaths of three civilians in the raid. They reported Russia as culpable.

One woman was reported to have been killed by @mohamad_mt.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 3
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 3
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3430

Incident date

May 8, 2018

Location

النقير, Al Naqir, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.499547, 36.540818 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between one and three civilians were killed and several more were wounded in alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Al Naqir in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2018. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that three of those killed were children, who according to the Syrian Network, were from the same family.

Sources on the ground told the Shaam Network that the strikes hit caves being used as underground shelters for civilians.Civil Defense teams managed to retrieve the bodies of the martyrs and rescued two others from the rubble, according to the White Helmets.

Multiple sources alleged the use of rockets in the attack.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 3
  • (1–3 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (19) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (21) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via @SyriaCivilDefe and Syrian Network for Human Rights)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via @SyriaCivilDefe)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via @SyriaCivilDefe)
  • Workers tried to rescue survivors and retrieve the bodies of martyrs rom under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via Smart News and @hayyanfreedom)
  • An image showing the devastation in the village of Naqier, Idlib Governorate, that was hit by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 8th 2017. (via Edlib Media Center)
  • An image showing the devastation in the village of Naqier, Idlib Governorate, that was hit by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 8th 2017. (via Edlib Media Center)
  • An image showing the devastation in the village of Naqier, Idlib Governorate, that was hit by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 8th 2017. (via Edlib Media Center)
  • An image showing the devastation in the village of Naqier, Idlib Governorate, that was hit by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 8th 2017. (via Edlib Media Center)
  • A plume of smoke rises about Naqier, the village that was hit by alleged Russian airstrikes on May 8th 2017. (via Edlib Media Center)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via Smart News)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via Smart News)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via Smart News)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via Smart News)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via Smart News)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via Smart News)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via Smart News)
  • The Syria Defense teams retrieved the bodies of martyrs and rescued two survivors from under the rubble following alleged Russian airstrikes on the village of Naqier in Idlib Governorate on May 8th 2017. (via Smart News)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Naqier village, May 8th.
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Naqier village, May 8th.
  • Al Naqir, two children killed and a third injured after they suffocated in the shelter, which is destroyed on their heads as a result of the fierce attack that lasted more than a month on the village, and today its share was four raids, Including vacuum ones.
  • Footage of destruction in the Al Naqir village in rural Idlib as a result of Russian airstrikes.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 3
  • (1–3 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military
  • Suspected target
    Unknown

Sources (19) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2878

Incident date

January 10, 2018

Location

جزرايا, Jazraya, Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

35.8605148, 36.9862043 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A single source reported that there were, “Three martyrs and several wounded as a result of the targeting of the Russian air force in the town of Jazraya in southern rural Aleppo.”

Despite this, one comment on the post reported that there was nothing in Jazraya on the 10th, and asked the administration to delete the post.

Airwars grades this incident as “Weak”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3030

Incident date

February 17, 2018

Location

حزانو, Hazano, Idlib , Syria

Geolocation

36.08965, 36.71404 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to three civilians, all children, were killed and as many as seven, including women and children, were wounded as alleged Russian warplanes struck the village of Hazano, Idlib, local media reported.

The Syrian Network for Human Rights (SN4HR) reported that the air raids had hit “near al Kabir Mosque in Hazano village”

Like the majority of reports, the Smart News Agency, who cited the local police in Hazano, reported that two children were killed and seven others were injured, adding that the strikes occurred in the morning.

Other sources, including SN4HR, only reported the death of a female child, who was identified by name.

According to the Shaam News Network, “heavy air raids” killed two brothers while wounding two children and two women from the same family.

The number of wounded spanned from two to as many as seven, including both women and children as reported by multiple media.

All of the known sources agreed that Russia was responsible.

The incident occured in the morning.

The victims were named as:

Child female killed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 3
  • (1–3 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–7
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (19) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (13) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The Civil Defense digging up the body of a dead child from under the rubble following the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Jsirtv)
  • The aftermath of the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Smart News Agency)
  • The aftermath of the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Jsirtv)
  • The aftermath of the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Syria Noor News)
  • The alleged Russian strikes ignited fire to a civilian house as Hazano, Idlib, was subject to aerial shelling on February 17th, 2018 (via Mohammed Aldaher)
  • Civil Defence trying to extinguish the fire ignited upon civilian houses by the alleged Russian strikes in Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Syria Civil Defense)
  • Some of the many civilians that were left wounded following the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Mohammed Aldaher)
  • The aftermath of the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via @7UFCmSxd0IUBffH)
  • The aftermath of the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via @7UFCmSxd0IUBffH)
  • The aftermath of the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Center)
  • The aftermath of the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Center)
  • The aftermath of the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Center)
  • The aftermath of the alleged Russian shelling of Hazano, Idlib, February 17th, 2018 (via Edlib Media Center)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between February 1st - 28th 2018.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 3
  • (1–3 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–7
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (19) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS980

Incident date

July 9, 2016

Location

جندول, Jandol (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.248703, 37.172724 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Russian warplanes and Syrian Regime helicopters allegedly shelled a roundabout in Al Jandol killing three civilians, according to Halab News Network and Syrian Network for Human Rights.

Several local news sources including Step News, Halab Today and Sky News blamed Russian warplanes for the shelling. Additionally, local source syriapost1 reported the use of “phosphorous bombs”.

Ara News claimed that the Syrian regime used heavy machine guns to target the area. Burqa Media also blamed the regime, and reported that they used helicopters to throw explosive barrels.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Hassan Mohammed Abbas
62 years old male killed
Yasin Omar Shahrour
47 years old killed
Abdal  Fattah Sirro
50 years old male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (2 men)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A member of the White Helmets carries a civilian child from the rubble in Jandol, Aleppo (via Sky News Arabic)
  • Destruction in the neighbourhoods Jandol, Haydariya and Sakhour - following suspected helicopter barrels (via Buraq-media)
  • A video listing those suspected killed on July 9th - "@1'08" - Hasan Mohammad Abba" (Youtube via Halab Today TV)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between July 1st – 14th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (2 men)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]