Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS1970

Incident date

March 15, 2017

Location

السخنة المحطة الثالثة , the third station near al Sukhna, Homs, Syria

Geolocation

34.8848748, 38.8711739 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to five civilians died and several more were injured in an alleged Russian or Assad regime airstrike on the third station near al Sukhna, local sources reported.

According to the Step News Agency, “Russian warplanes launched several air raids targeting the third station near al Sukhna in eastern Homs which led to a number of civilian injuries”.

The Smart News Agency reported: “Five people were killed and a number of others wounded on Wednesday [March 15th], in an aerial bombardment likely to have been carried out by Russia and the regime targeting at Sokhna town (70 km east of Palmyra), in the countryside of Homs east”.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 5
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 5
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1972

Incident date

March 15, 2017

Location

القصور, Al Qusour neighbourhood, Idlib city, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

34.745632, 36.710601 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between eight and 39 civilians were killed, and dozens more were injured, following a raid which targeted residential housing in Al Qusour neighbourhood, Idlib city, local media reported. Sources were conflicted as to who was to blame, with some attributing blame to Russia and others to the Syrian regime. Various sources blamed both parties for the raid.

Al Jazeera reported that an entire four story building collapsed following a targeted attack with a missile strike. A whole family of eight displaced civilians were allegedly killed.

Another figure estimated that as many as 13 people were the same family were killed, including a doctor. Other sources reported that the missile used was highly explosive, resulting in huge amounts of material damage. There were also reports of the use of vacuum missiles.

According to sources, as many as ten people were trapped under the rubble, and up to 20 people were allegedly missing in the immediate aftermath of the raid. Photographic evidence shows members of the White Helmets searching for missing victims in the rubble.

Details of the incident were published in a report by the Syrian Network for Human Rights on April 11th, almost a month after the attack. “On Wednesday, March 15, 2017, at approximately 03:25, fixed-wing warplanes we believe were Russian fired two missiles in no less than five minutes that targeted two sites of a close proximity. The first missile targeted a multi-floor residential building in al Qosour neighborhood in the southern parts of Idlib city, which resulted in the killing of 24 civilians including 15 children, one infant, and six adult females. Most of the victims were IDPs from Aleppo suburbs. Additionally, the building was heavily destroyed. The second missile fell nearly 100 meters from the same residential building.”

Furthermore the report gave details from the victims, “Mahmoud al Sayeh, a doctor from Aleppo suburbs, lost all of his family -seven children and their mother- in the massacre. Mahmoud, whom we contacted via WhatsApp, told us that he woke up to the sound of a warplane soaring. A few minutes later, he heard the missile ripple and his children’s screams for help: “The missile was directed, and it wasn’t a free-fall missile. The rubble piled up on me, but I was hardly managed to dig a small crack in the rock rubble to breath. A few minutes later, I heard the sound of civil defense vehicles and ambulances, which was followed by a second missile.” 

Mohammad added that he remained under the rubble for nearly two and half hours until the civil defense pulled him out and took him to the medical center: “I sustained fractures in my ribs and my right leg. I was the only one to survive from my family. Russia has killed them all.” 

“Ahmad Rahhal, a local media activist, told SN4HR, via Facebook, that he was able to distinguish the Russian warplanes from their voice and the high altitude at which they were flying, and also through the observatory that determined that the warplane took off from Hmeimim. Ahmad added that he went to where the two missiles fell in al Qosour neighborhood and saw the targeted residential building that was turned into rubble: “I arrived in al Qosour neighborhood a few minutes after the first attack. The warplane was soaring above the neighborhood and fired a second missile that fell near the destroyed building. I saw the civil defense pulling out victims’ dead bodies and the injured. There was one among the injured whose hand was amputated. I saw the civil defense save two children from under the rubble.” 

Omar al Mkahhal, a member of the Syrian Arab Red Crescent, told SNHR that civil defense and Red Crescent teams pulled out more than 20 dead bodies from the rubble including two doctors from al Bab city in Aleppo suburbs who fled to Idlib city recently: “The Russian warplanes were who carried out the airstrikes at dawn. The sound of the explosion was too high although the bombardment was with only one missile.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (11)

12 years old from the city of Bab killed
16 years old from the city of Bab killed
13 years old from the city of Bab killed
11 years old from the city of Bab killed
10 years old from the city of Bab killed
7 years old from the city of Bab killed
6 years old from the city of Bab killed
5 years old from the city of Bab killed
3 years old from the city of Bab killed
2 years old from the city of Bab killed
47 years old Engineer from the city of Bab killed

The victims were named as:

14 years old killed
Adult female killed
3 years old female killed
2 years old female killed
Adult female killed
Adult female killed
Child female two days old killed
Adult female killed
Adult female killed
Adult female from Andan killed
2 years old from Andan killed
Child female killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
67 years old killed
6 years old killed
32 years old killed
11 years old killed
1 years old male killed
Child killed
Child killed
Age unknown killed
Child killed
Age unknown male killed
60 years old from Andan killed
23 years old female pregnant from Andan killed
3 years old from Andan killed
37 years old pregnant killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    8 – 39
  • (4–16 children4–6 women2–3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (49) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (41) [ collapse]

  • A search for the missing in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Al Jazeera Arabic)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A search for the missing in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Al Jazeera Mubasher)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian casualty is pulled from the rubble in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Step news agency)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian casualty is pulled from the rubble in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Thiqa agency)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured civilian is pulled from the rubble in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via AleppoAMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Wounded and dead civilians are pulled from the rubble in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via White helmets)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Efforts continue into the night to search for missing victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Baladi News)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian casualty is pulled from the rubble in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Ma’ara Media Center)
  • A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Enabbaladi)
  • A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Al Jazeera)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Syrian-mirror)
  • A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Zaitonmag)
  • A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Syrian-reporter)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A child killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Syrian-reporter)
  • A man trapped under the rubble in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Syrian-reporter)
  • A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Syrian-reporter)
  • Rand Al-Sayeh, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @kalimahorra1)
  • Khadija Mustafa Nassif, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @adnanmodlej)
  • A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @ShehabAgency)
  • A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @ShehabAgency)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @ShehabAgency)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @ShehabAgency)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @SafaPs)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @SafaPs)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @SafaPs)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via @SafaPs)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Idlib media centre)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Idlib media centre)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Idlib media centre)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Idlib media centre)
  • A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Step news agency)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Step news agency)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Step news agency)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Step news agency)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Step news agency)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via LCCSY)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via LCCSY)
  • A search for victims in the aftermath of an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via White helmets)
  • Location of the residential building targeted. (via SN4HR)
  • Victims of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Mostafa Al Sayh)
  • Victims of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Idlib city, 15th March 2017. (via Mostafa Al Sayh)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between March 1st – 31st 2017.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    8 – 39
  • (4–16 children4–6 women2–3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (49) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1973

Incident date

March 15, 2017

Location

معرة مصرين, Maarat Misrin, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

36.012172, 36.6730499 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A woman was killed and other civlians were wounded in an alleged Russian raid on property in Maarat Misrin, local media reported. All sources either attributed blame to Russia, or blamed unknown warplanes.

According to Syrian-mirror, the wounded were taken to nearby medical points where they were treated for their injuries.

Step news agency specified that there were two raids on the neighborhood.

The incident occured around dawn.

The victims were named as:

Adult female killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between March 1st – 31st 2017.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1977

Incident date

March 16, 2017

Location

أبين سمعان , Abin Sama’an , Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.0925448, 36.7577219 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One woman died and several other civilians were wounded in an alleged Russian airstrike on Abin Sama’an town, according to sources on the ground.

Omawi.news.agency reported: “Russian warplanes carried out several air strikes with rockets on the towns of Abyan Semaan and Sheikh Ali in the western countryside of Aleppo, wounding several people and causing extensive damage to civilian property.”

According to Baladi on March 16th, “The cities and towns of Al-Atareb, Sheikh Ali, Babis, Maarat al-Atareb, Abyan Samaan and Kfarkermin were heavily shelled by the Russian air force. Five civilians, mostly children and women, were killed in the areas of Sheikh Ali and Abyan Samaan.

Smart News Agency reported that a woman died and pointed to Russia as the culprit.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town of Abin Sama’an (أبين سمعان), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.092544, 36.757721. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1978

Incident date

March 16, 2017

Location

معراته, Ma’arata town, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

35.709304, 36.477785 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Local media reported that Russia carried out an airstrike on Ma’arata town, leding to an unspecified number of civilian casualties.

According to the Step News Agency, “Russian warplanes launched vacuum missiles targeting Ma’arata in western Aleppo causing casualties among civilians.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1974

Incident date

March 16, 2017

Location

Idlib city, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.9266201, 36.6180588 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least one woman died – and was possibly killed, according to one report – in multiple airstrikes on different neighbourhoods in Idlib, local media said. While most reports blamed Russia, there were also allegations against the regime.

Syria News Desk reported the only fatality, one woman: “A woman was killed and other civilians were injured today [March 16th] as Russian warplanes conducted three raids Idlib city which is controlled by the opposition.

“Media activist Wael Al-Adelbi from the city told the Syria News Desk that the raids hit the surroundings of al-Mutanabbi and al-Zira in Idlib. The civil defense teams recovered the victims and treated the injured in a hospital inside the city, and removed the debris caused by the shelling.”

Multiple other sources said that a woman was wounded in the shelling. Sources said that the locations struck included:

The Al Mutanabi area (including the Mutanabi roundabout)
The Firn Al-Zazra area
Al Souq Al Sha’abi
The edge of a popular market

According to Eda2a, “Russian and Syrian warplanes renewed their rocket-propelled grenade attacks on the Syrian city of Idlib”.

 

 

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Translation: 'Scenes of destruction caused by the bombing of the warplanes Idlib morning, 2017/3/16'

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    1–5
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1975

Incident date

March 16, 2017

Location

كفركرمين , Kafr Karmin, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.16432, 36.79017 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Local media reported that three civilians including a child were wounded in an alleged Russian airstrike on Kafr Karmin.

The Smart News put the number wounded at three, adding that this total included one child.

Numerous other sources reported that Russia carried out the strikes – and published video footage of the aftermath.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • Translation: 'Translation: the signs of destruction caused by warplanes on kafr karmin in western Aleppo - Thursday 16/3/2017 photos by Yahiya al Rijjo' (via HNN)
  • Translation: 'Translation: the signs of destruction caused by warplanes on kafr karmin in western Aleppo - Thursday 16/3/2017 photos by Yahiya al Rijjo' (via HNN)
  • The moment warplanes struck Kafr Karmin, Mar 16th (via Buraq media)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Kafr Karmin, Mar 16th (via Step)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the village of Kafr Karmin (كفركرمين ), for which the generic coordinates are: 36.16432, 36.79017. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1976

Incident date

March 16, 2017

Location

الأتارب الشيخ علي , al Sheikh Ali village in Al Atarib district, Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.09736, 36.91384 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Local media reported that three civilians died and several more were wounded in an alleged Russian airstrike on the al Sheikh Ali village in Al Atarib district, Aleppo.

On March 16th, Baladi reported: “he cities and towns of Al-Atareb, Sheikh Ali, Babis, Maarat al-Atareb, Abyan Samaan and Kfarkermin were heavily shelled by the Russian air force. Five civilians, mostly children and women, were killed in the areas of Sheikh Ali and Abyan Samaan.”

According to the civil defence in Aleppo, three civilians were killed and others were wounded by aerial bombardment of the village of Sheikh Ali in the western part of Aleppo on Thursday afternoon [March 16th]”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (2 men)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • The aftermath of an airstrike on al Sheikh Ali village in Al Atarib district, Aleppo, March 16th (via White Helmets)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3
  • (2 men)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (12) [ collapse]