Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS1798

Incident date

December 28, 2016

Location

دوما, Douma, Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

33.5714804, 36.4033699 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One or two civilians, including a man, were killed, and others were injured, including children, in alleged Russian and Syrian regime raids on Douma. Sources are conflicted as to who was responsible, with some blaming Syrian regime and others Russia. 

According to one source, three missiles were launched on Douma. A different source claims there were four raids.

Sources suggest that it was residential homes which were struck in the raid.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Mohammad Ibrahim Al Hablana
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • Mohammad Ibrahim Al Hablana, killed in alleged Russian and Syrian regime raids on Douma, 28th December 2016. (via @SN4HR)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between December 1st – 31st 2016.

On 6 January 2017, Russia, however, reported: “Since November 8, 2016, the aircraft carrier group of the Northern Fleet consisting of the heavy aircraft carrying cruiser Admiral Kuznetsov, the heavy nuclear missile cruiser Pyotr Velikiy, the large ASW ship Severomorsk, as well as auxiliary vessels of the Black Sea Fleet, has been fulfilling counterterrorist missions on the territory of Syria”, adding that ”in the course of two months of their participation in the combat actions, naval aviation pilots have carried out 420 combat sorties, 117 of them were night ones.”

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1837

Incident date

January 15, 2017

Location

دكيلة, Dakila, Hama, Syria

Geolocation

35.176972, 37.383642 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A woman and a girl were killed in alleged Russian airstrikes on Dakila. All sources blamed Russian warplanes for the raid. There are no reports of wounded civilians.

There are no other details at this time.

The incident occured during the day.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 child1 woman)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between January 1st – 31st 2017.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 child1 woman)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2033

Incident date

March 26, 2017

Location

اللطامنة, Al Latamneh, Hama, Syria

Geolocation

35.3219885, 36.6234398 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

The town of al-Latamneh, Hama, was reportedly exposed to chlorine gas attacks which killed two civilians. There were also claims that dozens more civilian were wounded through suffocation. Sources were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Assad regime were responsible.

Orient News reported that helicopters belonging to the Syrian regime had carried out chlorine gas attacks on al-Latamneh for the third time in less than two days, and that the attack suffocated dozens, both civilians and opposition members. It is unknown r if any of the cases of suffocation led to deaths among those affected.

Syrian Mirror, who did not identify the culprit, mentioned that cluster bombs had been used in the attacks, which reportedly struck civilian houses.

Two civilians were reportedly killed in the attack. Smart News Agency, said that the chlorine attack that had targeted “Latamna Surgical Hospital”, killed two civilians, including a doctor. However, Orient News said that the doctor was killed the previous day, March 25th, in a similar attack.

The number of wounded varied among the sources. Smart News Agency said that four people were seriously wounded while al-Modon News said the number ran into “dozens”.

While most sources pointed blame to the Syrian regime, Smarts News Agency and al-Hadath identified Russia as the culprit.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    4–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Footage showing the destruction of the local hospital caused by contested airstrikes in Al Latamneh, Hama, March 26th, 2017 (via al-Hadath Center)
  • Footage of the moment Latamneh, Hama was struck by either Russia or Assad-waged airstrikes on March 26th, 2917 (via al-Hadath Center)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between March 1st - 31st 2017.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    4–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2143

Incident date

April 18, 2017

Location

دارة عزة , Darat Izza, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.28247, 36.85216 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to seven civilian including women and children were wounded in as many as ten alleged Russian airstrikes on Darat Izza, according to sources on the ground.

EduRights Foundation said that a school was struck. It reported: “This morning [April 18th], a school in the city of Dara Azza in the countryside of western Aleppo was subjected to air raids by Russian planes, which led to the injury of a number of children and their families. The school suffered great destruction and was put out of service.”

According to Ali Alsaeed, there were 10 Russian strikes, resulting in “several martyrs and wounded”.

The White Helmets said that alleged Russian “raids left seven wounded, all women and children, in addition to extensive destruction in the bombarded areas.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–7
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (9) [ collapse]

  • The moments an alleged Russian strike hit Darat Izza, April 18th 2017.
  • Ruins of a school in Darat Izza, allegedly struck by Russian warplanes, April 18th 2017 (via EduRights Foundation)
  • Ruins of a school in Darat Izza, allegedly struck by Russian warplanes, April 18th 2017 (via EduRights Foundation)
  • Ruins of a school in Darat Izza, allegedly struck by Russian warplanes, April 18th 2017 (via EduRights Foundation)
  • Ruins of a school in Darat Izza, allegedly struck by Russian warplanes, April 18th 2017 (via EduRights Foundation)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Darat Izza, Apruil 18th (via White Helmets)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Darat Izza, Apruil 18th (via White Helmets)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Darat Izza, Apruil 18th (via White Helmets)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Darat Izza, Apruil 18th (via White Helmets)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–7
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2291

Incident date

June 18, 2017

Location

عقيربات, Akeirbat, Hama, Syria

Geolocation

35.0412099, 37.464692 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between one and two civilians were killed, and several others were wounded, following an airstrike on Akeirbat, local media reported. Both sources blamed Russian military aircraft for the strikes.

@radioalsham reported that a woman was killed and several others were wounded, while the Step News Agency reported that two civilians were killed as well as others being injured.

There are no other details at this time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between June 1st - 31st 2017.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2400

Incident date

August 21, 2017

Location

الشميطة و المسرب, Shumita and Masrab, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Geolocation

35.4710166, 39.9351239 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Civilians were killed and wounded in an alleged Russian or Assad regime airstrike on Shumita and Masrab, according to local media.

The number of dead and wounded was unspecific. However, Deirezzor24 reported that there were ten killed and others wounded, “as a result of the bombing of the air force to the city of the squares in the eastern countryside of Deir Ezzor, and villages Kharita, and Hwaij in the western suburb of Deir al-Azur.” They reported that this included five women and two children.

According to local sources, civilian homes were struck and destroyed, One source specified that as many as 11 homes were destroyed in full, including a tunnel, in the vicinity.

Smart News reported on the bombing in the towns of Hawaij Diab, Shamia, Al-Shamitiyeh and Masrab. It is unclear how many were killed or injured in each raid.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Age unknown male son of Hajj Mohsen killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between August 1st - 31st 2017.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2809

Incident date

December 20, 2017

Location

خان العسل, Khan al-Assal, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.169667, 37.040255 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Two children were reportedly killed and another two were left wounded as the remnants of previous shelling exploded in the town of Khan al-Asal, Aleppo, local media said.

HalabTodayTV’s correspondent said that it was the remnants of a cluster bomb dropped on a previous day that caused the incident.

The Syrian Network for Human Rights agreed and added that the cluster bomb was dropped by Russia. So did several other sources.

However, the Violations Documentation Centre Syria, who reported the death of two unidentified children, attributed blame to “Syrian government and affiliated militias.”

It was unclear when the bombs had been dropped.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (2 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

The Russian Ministry of Defence announced being active in unspecified parts of Syria until December 11th, 2017.



Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (2 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS119

Incident date

November 5, 2015

Location

القريتين, Al Qaryatayn, Homs, Syria

Geolocation

34.229890, 37.238245 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An adult male civilian Abd al-Kareem al-Alawi (also known as Abo Moseab) was named as killed after an alleged strike on Qaryatain by Russian warplanes.

According to Radio Al Kul, Mr al-Alawi was one of two civilians who died: “The two martyrs are displaced from the neighbouring town of Maheen.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Abd al-Kareem al-Alawi
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 man)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Unknown

Sources (2) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the town Al Qaryatayn (القريتين), for which the generic coordinates are: 34.229890, 37.238245. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Unknown

Russia has confirmed carrying out strikes in Homs governorate between November 3rd-5th 2015: “Near Tadmor (Homs province), a Su-24M eliminated a large fortified area of ISIS militants as well as a tank, an AA system ZU-23 and a mortar battery on their combat positions.”

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (1 man)
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Unknown

Sources (2) [ collapse]