Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS2143

Incident date

April 18, 2017

Location

دارة عزة , Darat Izza, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.28247, 36.85216 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to seven civilian including women and children were wounded in as many as ten alleged Russian airstrikes on Darat Izza, according to sources on the ground.

EduRights Foundation said that a school was struck. It reported: “This morning [April 18th], a school in the city of Dara Azza in the countryside of western Aleppo was subjected to air raids by Russian planes, which led to the injury of a number of children and their families. The school suffered great destruction and was put out of service.”

According to Ali Alsaeed, there were 10 Russian strikes, resulting in “several martyrs and wounded”.

The White Helmets said that alleged Russian “raids left seven wounded, all women and children, in addition to extensive destruction in the bombarded areas.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–7
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (9) [ collapse]

  • The moments an alleged Russian strike hit Darat Izza, April 18th 2017.
  • Ruins of a school in Darat Izza, allegedly struck by Russian warplanes, April 18th 2017 (via EduRights Foundation)
  • Ruins of a school in Darat Izza, allegedly struck by Russian warplanes, April 18th 2017 (via EduRights Foundation)
  • Ruins of a school in Darat Izza, allegedly struck by Russian warplanes, April 18th 2017 (via EduRights Foundation)
  • Ruins of a school in Darat Izza, allegedly struck by Russian warplanes, April 18th 2017 (via EduRights Foundation)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Darat Izza, Apruil 18th (via White Helmets)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Darat Izza, Apruil 18th (via White Helmets)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Darat Izza, Apruil 18th (via White Helmets)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Darat Izza, Apruil 18th (via White Helmets)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–7
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2142

Incident date

April 18, 2017

Location

المخرمرسم الحميدة , Rasim al Hamida village, al Makhram district, Homs, Syria

Geolocation

34.705546, 37.280989 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A single source, the Smart News Agency, reported that an alleged Russian airstrike on Rasim al Hamida village killed two children and wounded three further civilians including a woman.

No further details are currently available.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (2 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • (2 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (1) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2141

Incident date

April 18, 2017

Location

أورم الكبرى, Urma Al-Kubra, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.1475457, 36.9448239 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Five civilians from one family died in an alleged Russia or Assad regime airstrike on Urma Al-Kubra, according to sources on the ground.

Aljazeera and the Step News Agency were among sources pointing to Russia.

However, the Syrian Network for Human Rights blamed “Syrian-Russian alliance warplanes” – putting the death toll at “five civilians from the same family, including two children and a woman.”

Akhbar Alan and Halab Today reported that children had been removed alive from the rubble.

 

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5
  • (2 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • The aftermath of an airstrike on Urma Al-Kubra, April 18th 2017 (via HNN)
  • The aftermath of an airstrike on Urma Al-Kubra, which killed a family of five, April 18th (via Aleppo24)
  • The aftermath of an airstrike on Urma Al-Kubra, which killed a family of five, April 18th (via Aleppo24)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5
  • (2 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2140

Incident date

April 18, 2017

Location

حور , Hour, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.88256, 38.17169 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian died and others were injured in an alleged Russian airstrike on Hour, local media said.

Smart News Agency reported: “A civilian was killed and others wounded on Tuesday after an air strike likely to have been carried out by Russian warplanes over a city and a town in western Aleppo, northern Syria, according to civil defense and activists.”

Halabtoday also attributed the civilian harm to Russia.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2139

Incident date

April 18, 2017

Location

Khan Al Assal, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.169667, 37.040255 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An unspecified number of civilians were killed and wounded in alleged Russian or regim strikes on Khan Al Assal, local media said.

The Smart News Agency reported: “A squadron of Russian planes rotated to bombard the towns and villages of rural areas of Aleppo (the western, southern and northern regions) causing injuries to a number of civilians, who were taken to nearby medical points.

“Activists pointed out that a number of wounded civilians, mostly children, were killed by the bombing of the Russian air force on the towns of Kfaradal, Mansoura and Khan al-Asal, in the countryside of Western Aleppo, but it is not clear how many.”

According to AMC, “Seventeen people, mostly children, were injured following an aerial bombardment of the towns of Kfarda’al, Khan al-Asal and Mansoura in the western Aleppo countryside last night.”

Sources reported the use of concussion missiles and cluster and phosphorus rockets.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • The aftermath of an airstrike on Khan Al Assal, April 18th (via Baladi)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    0 – 2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2144

Incident date

April 18, 2017

Location

البشيري, , al Bsheiriya, Jisr al Shoughour, Idlib, Syria

Airwars assessment

Local media reported that an unspecified number of civilians were wounded in an alleged Russian airstrike on al Bsheiriya, Jisr al Shoughour.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    Unknown
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2138

Incident date

April 17, 2017

Location

اللطامنة , Lataminah, Hama, Syria

Geolocation

35.3219885, 36.6234398 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between one and four civilians died and four more were wounded in an alleged Russian or Assad regime airstrike on Lataminah, local media reported.

According to Syria Mirror, “The Russian warplanes carried out several air strikes with cluster bombs on residential buildings in the city of Latamna, killing four civilians and causing considerable damage.”

RFS said that a Russian phosphorous bomb attack resulted in a death.

Smart News Agency, also blaming Russia, made no mention of fatalities but said that four civilians had been wounded in a strike.

However, ECS published footage of a strike, stating “Assad renews his bombardment of the city of Latamna”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 4
  • Civilians reported injured
    4
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • "Assad renews his bombardment of the city of Latamna".
  • An airstrike hitting Lataminah, April 17th 2017.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 4
  • Civilians reported injured
    4
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2137

Incident date

April 17–18, 2017

Location

معرة حرمة, Ma’arat Hurma, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.5497387, 36.5422624 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Ten civilians – a grandmother and her nine grandchildren from the Al Nabo family – died in an alleged Russian airstrike on Ma’arat Hurma, according to local media. Up to another 13 civilians were reportedly wounded.

Sources added that prior to the “massacre” killing the family, warplanes carried out two other strikes on the outskirts of the town. Following the strike which killed the family, the planes then reportedly returned and struck the civil defence as they attempted to aid people trapped under the rubble, thereby delaying the rescue operation. Multiple reports noted a residential area was struck, resulting the collapse of an apartment building above its residents.

According to RFS, “media activist Omar Haj Ahmed from the town of Maara Hrema said that the town woke up to three heavy air raids by the Russian warplanes at five o’clock in the morning, which led to the massacre of a terrible killing 10 civilians, including nine children and an elderly woman. A large number of wounded civilians were trapped  under the rubble.”

RFS went on to add that “the raids were highly explosive and caused extensive destruction to civilian homes. Six houses and more than 25 shops were destroyed and other material damage occurred in the places where rockets fell. Activists said that a vacuum missile was used”.

According to the Syrian Human Rights Committee (SHRC), aircraft believed to be Russian, conducted “two air raids on the outskirts of the town before the massacre, and then carried out the raid which resulted in the massacre [of the 10 people from the AL Nabo family] shortly after.”

SHRC said that the “massacre” of the family of ten occurred at  3.35am, when a “single rocket” hit a residential area.

Moreover, according to SHRC, the site of the attack was struck yet again during the rescue operation: “The civil defence worked to remove rubble and put people in ambulances for two continuous hours, during which they were able to help two people and rescue three victims, all of them children.

“But two hours later, a warplane believed to be Russian, bombed the location again with a missile close to the scene of the massacre. The warplane then return and helled the paramedics’ compound and the civil defense team, causing material damage to two ambulances and a rescue vehicle. The renewed shelling meant that the area had to be evacuated and halted the rescue operation. After about an hour later, the civil defence team and paramedics were finally able to complete the rescue operation, lifting the rubble and recovering seven victims – six children and one woman”.

Media activist Hossam El Din gave SHRC the following testimony: “I heard air raids after 3:00 am, which the observatories confirmed were Russian, though I couldn’t personally confirm this before I went to the scene of the massacre.

I learned later that the shelling that resulted from a free rocket caused the demolition of buildings and the occurrence of casualties. I know the area well and it is a residential area. I immediately went to the shelling site and arrived at around 4:00 am.

The destruction was so great that I was assured that the air force carrying out the air raid was a Russian airplane. One of the buildings was completely destroyed and the medics were trying to recover victims under the rubble.

I saw the Civil Defence team during the first two hours. t\They were helping a lady and a man. They were taken to the hospital immediately, and I also saw them picking up three of the victims.

The warplanes were still in the air and the atmosphere was very tense…The air force continued to be in a state of tension until the Civil Defense team was targeted, and here I saw their ambulance burning…Then the search stopped, and the civil defence came back after about half an hour to recover the rest of the victims of the massacre.”

 

 

 

 

The incident occured between 3:00 am and 5:00 am local time.

The victims were named as:

Family members (10)

70 years old female killed
11 years old male killed
13 years old male killed
8 years old female killed
3 years old female killed
2 years old
13 years old female killed
10 years old female killed
6 years old female
8 years old male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    9 – 10
  • (9 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–13
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (16) [ collapse]

  • The first moments of a strike on Ma’arat Hurma, April 17th/18th.
  • Three of the children from the Al Nabo family, killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on Ma’arat Hurma, April 17/18th 2017 (via Baladi)
  • The White Helmets work to remove civilians from the rubble following an airstrike on Ma’arat Hurma, April 17/18th 2017.
  • Map imagery showing the location of the alleged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th 2017 (via SHRC)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th 2017 (via SHRC)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th 2017 (via SHRC)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th 2017 (via SHRC)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th 2017 (via SHRC)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th 2017 (via SHRC)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th 2017 (via SHRC)
  • The White Helmets work to remove civilians from the rubble following an alleged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th (via Step)
  • 'Image shows unexploded cluster munitions type AO-2.5RTM / AO-2.5RT fired by suspected Russian warplanes on Ma’aret Harma village in Idlib governorate southern suburbs, April 18, 2017.'
  • More scenes following the allaged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th, which reportedly killed nine children and their grandmother (via SNN)
  • More scenes following the allaged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th, which reportedly killed nine children and their grandmother (via SNN)
  • More scenes following the allaged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th, which reportedly killed nine children and their grandmother (via SNN)
  • More scenes following the allaged Russian airstrike on Ma'arat Herma, April 17/18th, which reportedly killed nine children and their grandmother (via SNN)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    9 – 10
  • (9 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    5–13
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (16) [ collapse]