Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS854 CS224a

Incident date

June 5, 2016

Location

شعيب الذكر, Shai'eeb al Zakar, Ar Raqqah, Syria

Geolocation

35.800735, 38.267642 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Five civilians including three children died in an airstrike on airstrike on Shai’eeb al Zakar, according to local sources though reports were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were responsible, with one report saying that the warplanes were thought to have belonged to the US-led Coalition.

Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently blamed a Russian strike on the village and named the victims.

In a news roundup, the Shaam News Network also blamed Russia, but did not provide casualty numbers.

According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, five civilians died in “bombing by Syrian and Russian warplanes” on “the villages of Jebbat al-Ghawali and Horat al-Jaryat south of al-Tabaqa city in the western countryside of Al-Raqqah.”

However, according to iumsonline, the Coalition may have responsible: “Warplanes thought to be from the coalition killed 5 civilians in Shai’eeb Al-Zakar one of whom is a displaced from Palmyra.”

In the second of their March 2020 civilian casualty reports, the US-led Coalition assessed reports that they were responsible for civilian harm in this strike as “non-credible”, stating that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area at that time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Yasser Mohammad al Gharir
Age unknown male killed
Khaled Mohammad al Gharir
Age unknown male killed
Ahmad Mohammad al Gharir
Age unknown male killed
Mahmoud Abd al Khalek al Gharir
Age unknown male killed
Abu Ra’ad al Udwan
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5
  • (3 children4 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime, US-led Coalition

Sources (17) [ collapse]

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Unknown

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • MGRS coordinate
    37SDV366623
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Mar 25, 2020
  • June 5, 2016, in Shai’eeb al Zakar, Syria, via Airwars report. After a review of all available records it was assessed that no Coalition actions were conducted in the geographical area that corresponds to the report of civilian casualties. 2969/CS224a 37SDV366623

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For June 5th-6th, the Coalition reported: "Near Ar Raqqah, one strike destroyed an ISIL workover rig and an ISIL crane"

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5
  • (3 children4 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime, US-led Coalition

Sources (17) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS855

Incident date

June 5, 2016

Location

هورة الجريات, Horat al Jariyat, Ar Raqqah, Syria

Geolocation

35.692951, 38.4675765 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

According to Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently, two civilians died in an alleged Russian airstrike on Horat al Jariya.

The Shaam News Network also blamed Russia, but did not provide casualty numbers.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights put the death toll at three but didn’t identify the warplanes responsible.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (9) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS856

Incident date

June 5, 2016

Location

إدلب, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.93062, 36.63393 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between five and 50 non-combatants including two women died and up to 150 more were injured in multiple airstrikes on different targets in the city of Idlib, according to local media – though reports were conflicted as to whether this was the work of Russia or the Syrian regime.

LCCSY attributed the incident to Russia, with dozens of civilians killed and wounded. It listed the struck areas as: “Shamaat roundabout, Shuaib Mosque, Amn Dawla roundabout, Yehia Dahnin school, vegetables marketplace, Mujamaa region, and Carlton Hotel.”

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights did not initially identify the “warplanes” responsible, but said that nine civilians including two women died in “about 10 strikes targeting the Shoaib mosque area and several other areas in the city of Idlib”. It added that the death toll was expected to rise because some of the wounded were in a critical condition.

However, a subsequent SO4HR video report said that the warplanes were “believed to be Russian”.

A later report said that there had been “some 10 strikes targeting Shoaib mosque” alone.

The Shaam News Network referred only to “warplanes” carrying out “tens of strikes with cluster bombs“, putting the death toll at at least five with many more wounded.

According to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, the regime was to blame – killing three civilians when warplanes fired on a “grocery and carpet market.

The Syrian network for Human Rights blamed the “regime and its allies”, adding that one of the targets was “Yahya Dehneen school”, with the strike partially destroys the fence”.

Syria Direct put the death toll as high as 50, with 150 others injured, though it didn’t identify the warplanes responsible. It reported that “the raids targeted civilian sites, including residential buildings and a mosque and a football stadium, in addition to the two main hospitals.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility, School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 50
  • (2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–150
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime

Sources (25) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (13) [ collapse]

  • A burnt out car on the streets of Idlib following alleged Russian airstrikes (via Orient News)
  • Destruction after alleged Russian strikes in Idlib (via Orient News)
  • Destruction after alleged Russian strikes in Idlib (via Orient News)
  • A fire blazes in the city of Idlib following an alleged Russian raid, June 5th (via LCCSY)
  • A fire blazes in the city of Idlib following an alleged Russian raid, June 5th (via LCCSY)
  • A fire blazes in the city of Idlib following an alleged Russian raid, June 5th (via LCCSY)
  • "12 raids by Russian and regime warplane on Idlib and tens of martyrs and wounded in conjunction with heavy raids in Aleppo" (Tweet by @News4Syria)
  • "Regime and its allies warplanes shelling on Yahya Dehneen school which partially destroys the fence on the 5th of June" (Tweet by @SN4HR)
  • "Video shows the destruction of Idlib in Russian warplanes. Wounded and the reporter confirm there are no militant in Idlib and they are all civilians" (Tweet by @RevolutionSyria)
  • "tens were killed and dozens wounded in shelling with cluster bombs in Idlib" (Tweet by @akhbar)
  • "7 civilians were killed in Russian raids in Idlib north of Syria" (Tweet by @aa_arabic)
  • "tens of victims in Russian aerial shelling on Idlib, Syria" (Tweet by @SMARTNewsAgency)
  • "A video by the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights ‪#‎SOHR‬ shows the destruction caused by bombing by warplanes believed to be Russian, which targeted areas in ‪#‎Idlib‬ city" (via SOHR Facebook)

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Unknown

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility, School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 50
  • (2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–150
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime

Sources (25) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS857

Incident date

June 5, 2016

Location

سرمين, Sarmin, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.904042, 36.726111 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

One civilian died in an airstrike on Sarmin, according to local media – though reports were conflicted as to whether this was the work of Russia or the Syrian regime.

LCCSY reported that one civilian died and several more were injured by Russian warplanes.

Baladi was among other sources that pointed towards Russia, but provided few details.

However, according to Akhbaralan the regime was responsible.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS858

Incident date

June 5, 2016

Location

الموحسن, Muhassan, Deir ez-Zor, Syria

Geolocation

35.2257487, 40.3109038 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

The Shaam News Network reported that several civilians had been killed and wounded in an alleged Russian airstrike on Mohassan in Deir ez-Zor.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said that “warplanes” had carried out raids in the area, but neither identified them nor provided casualty figures.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Weak
    Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (5) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS847

Incident date

June 4, 2016

Location

القاطرجي, Al Qaterji (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.1995518, 37.1815538 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Up to 30 civilians died in multiple airstrikes on Al Qaterji, according to local sources – though reports were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were responisble.

Multiple reports by LCCSY attributed the incident to Russia, while the Syrian Network for Human Rights also blamed Moscow for firing missiles on “residential homes near a hardware warehouse”, killing 12 civilians.

However, other reports pointed to helicopters and “explosive barrels” though the culprits were not identified.

But a number of sources, including Orient news, directly blamed the Assad regime. According to Qasioun, “regime helicopters committed a massacre in Al-Qaterji killing ten people and wounding 15 more when they threw explosive barrels on residential buildings in the neighborhood.”

Al Jazeera blamed both Russia and regime for carrying out more than two dozen raids. Similarly, other sources  didn’t make it clear whether Russia or the regime was responsible.

Shaam News referred to “warplanes” and “barrel bombs” – but a later report mentioned “Assad regime raids”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 30
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (29) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (9) [ collapse]

  • 'The correspondent of Aleppo Media Centre Bahaa al halabi with head wounds sustained while covering the raids on al Qaterji neighbourhood in Aleppo' (via SNN)
  • A child is rescued from under the rubble in Al-Qaterji (Youtube via Qasioun News Agency)
  • "Helicopters committed a massacre caused death of more than 15 martyrs and a large number of injuries as a result of targeting Al Qaterji neighborhood of Aleppo, four explosive barrels" (via Syria-reporter)
  • A video of destruction at Al Qaterji (Youtube by The White Helmets)
  • "martyrs and wounded in al Qaterji and al Mayssar neighbourhoods in Aleppo following air raids and barrel bombs" (Video via SNN Facebook)
  • "the correspondent of Aleppo Media Centre Bahaa al halabi with head wounds sustained while covering the raids on al Qaterji neighbourhood in Aleppo" (via SNN Facebook)
  • The destruction of buildings in al Qaterji (via SNN Facebook)
  • The destruction of buildings in al Qaterji (via SNN Facebook)
  • The destruction of buildings in al Qaterji (via SNN Facebook)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 30
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (29) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS848

Incident date

June 4, 2016

Location

السخنة, As Sukhnah, Homs, Syria

Geolocation

34.8848748, 38.8711739 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Five children from the same family died in an airstrike on As Suknhah, according to local sources – though reports were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were responsible.

LCCSY said that “five children were killed and others injured on the outskirts of al Sokhna in the eastern countryside following raids by Russian warplanes using targeted missiles according to local activists.”

According to Aranews, who also blamed Russia, the five children were aged between five and 14 years.

Eldorar reported that Russian raid skilled “five children on the spot” and injured 14 other non-combatants.

However, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights blamed the regime, reporting that four civilians including two children died by forces carried out a bombardment on al-Heil oil field. It also published images of the aftermath of the shelling, which it said had been carried out by “warplanes and helicopters”.

However, Egypt Today and Eremnews blamed the regime.

Five victims – all children – were named by SHRC.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (5)

Jana Hussein Alfawaz Al-khalifa Al-Hajj
Child killed
Khatma Huweidi Alsaleh Al-Nayef Al-Hajj
Child killed
Ru’a Huweidi Alsaleh Al-Nayef Al-Hajj
Child killed
Nayef Ibn Ghazi Al-Zuweidi Al-Hajj
Child killed
Hanadi Huweidi Alsaleh Al-Nayef Al-Hajj
Child

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5
  • (5 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–14
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (6) [ collapse]

  • "destruction in Al-sukhna due to warplane and helicopters shelling" (via Syriahr news)
  • "destruction in Al-sukhna due to warplane and helicopters shelling" (via Syriahr news)
  • "destruction in Al-sukhna due to warplane and helicopters shelling" (via Syriahr news)
  • The aftermath of a strike on Al Sukhna, June 4th (via syriahr news)
  • One of the five children allegedly killed in strikes on As Suknah (via SHRC)
  • One of the five children allegedly killed in strikes on As Suknah (via SHRC)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5
  • (5 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–14
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS849

Incident date

June 4, 2016

Location

كفر حلب, Kafr Halab, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.062057, 36.871512 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A family of five died in an airstrike on the village of Kafr Halab, according to local sources – though reports were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were responsible.

The White Helmets reported that a family of five died and several other civilians were injured alleged Russian strikes on Kafr Halab. It also said that members of their team were hit by one of the strikes during the rescue operation in which they removed hundreds of cluster bombs which did not explode.

Other sources said that Russia dropped cluster bombs on the village.

The Syrian Network for Human Rights published images showing remnants of clusters munitions fired by “government warplanes”.

Eldorar also blamed the regime for killing a family of five.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (4)

Ahmad Mohammed Al-Rahmoun
Adult male "displaced from Halfaya, was killed with his wife and children when his house was targetted in Kafr Halab”, though the source didn’t say who was responsible" killed
Wife of Ahmad Mohammed Al-Rahmoun
Adult female killed
Child of Ahmad Mohammed Al-Rahmoun
Child killed
Child of Ahmad Mohammed Al-Rahmoun
Child killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5
  • (2 children1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (8) [ collapse]

  • The White Helmets attend the scene of an alleged Russian strike in which a family of five died in Kafr Halab, June 4th. (via White Helmets)
  • Remnants of cluster bombs in the village of Kafr Halab (via SN4HR)
  • Ahmad Mohammed Al-Rahmoun, a displaced person from Halfaya, allegedly killed when his house was targeted in Kafr Halab. His wife and two children were also reported killed.
  • White Helmets remove cluster bomb that did not explode in Kafr Halab (via White Helmets Facebook)
  • Safely removed cluster bombs that did not explode in Kafr Halab (via White Helmets Facebook)
  • A white helmet worker in Kafra Halab (Via White Helmet Facebook)
  • "Death of a family of five people and a number of injuries, following the targeting of the town of kafr halab in western aleppo countryside by Russian Aviation, who also targeted civil defence team during their work and nobody got hurt. Thank God .." (via White Helmet Facebook)
  • The White Helmet rescue team survey buildings destroyed. (via White Helmet Facebook)

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Unknown

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5
  • (2 children1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]