Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

CS938 RS2278

Incident date

June 9, 2017

Location

جديد عكيدات, Jadid Akeidat, Deir ez-Zor, Syria

Geolocation

35.254309, 40.355344 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

As many as eight civilians, as well as six named which including medical personnel died, and others were wounded in an airstrike on Jadid Akeidat village, Deir Ez-Zour, according to local media – though reports were conflicted as to whether the US-led Coalition, the Syrian regime or Russia were responsible for the attacks. Sources reported that the strike had been on a “makeshift field hospital”, which some reports said was inside a mosque.

Qasioun put the death toll at three, while Jisr TV said as many as eight died when “Coalition forces targeted a mosque and a hospital”. According to Smart News Agency, four were killed, including “two doctors and an anesthesiologist”. It also blamed the Coalition.

However, the Syrian Network for Human Rights attributed the event to the regime. It reported that “Syrian regime warplanes fired missiles on the makeshift hospital in Jdeed Ekidat village in Deir Ez-Zour governorate eastern suburbs, killing a number of medical personnel, destroying the hospital’s building and rendering it inoperable”.

According to RFS, “eyewitnesses confirmed that at least four civilians were killed and a number of others injured by unidentified warplanes targeting a field hospital inside a mosque in the new town of Akidat, located in the eastern suburb of Deir al-Azur last night.”

But in an initial report, Baladi blamed Russia, reporting that “our correspondent, Murad Al-Ahmad, said that all indicators and military observers in Idlib confirmed that Russian aircraft targeted the hospital, resulting in the killing of most of the medical staff”. Euphrates Post also attributed the event to Russia and identified four victims by name.

However, there was some confusion in reporting, with a second Baladi report pointing towards the Coalition: “Local media sources said four civilians were killed Friday morning, including two doctors and a nurse, in air raids by an international coalition targeted at a mosque in the village of New al-Akidat”.

Free Deir Ezzor merely blamed “warplanes” and identified to victims.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Dr. Majid al-Alwan
Adult male killed
Dr. Hudhayfah al-Mulla
Adult male  from the town of Al Dahla killed
Abdul Rahman Al-Hermash “Rahmo”
Adult male The anesthesiologist  killed
Anas Ali al-Sawadi
Adult male killed
Dr. Hathifa Turki al Makhlaf
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    6 – 8
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Video saying that Anas Ali al-Sawadi died in contested airstrikes targeting Jadid Akida, Deir Ez-Zour, 9th June 2017. (via Mmkfld1)
  • The contested airstrikes reportedly destroyed the Grand Mosque in the town of Jadid Akidat, Der Ez-Zour, 9th June 2017. (via Euphrates Post Facebook)
CJTF–OIR Declassified Assessment and Press Release

Attached to this civilian harm incident is a provisional reconciliation of the Pentagon's declassified assessment of this civilian harm allegation, based on matching date and locational information.

The declassified documents were obtained by Azmat Khan and the New York Times through Freedom of Information requests and lawsuits filed since March 2017, and are included alongside the corresponding press release published by the Pentagon. Airwars is currently analysing the contents of each file, and will update our own assessments accordingly.

Declassified Assessment Press Release

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • Stated location
    near Jadid Akeidat, Syria
    Nearest population center
  • Location accuracy
    100 m
  • MGRS coordinate
    37SFV237016
    Military Grid Reference System

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Jan 25, 2018
  • After a review of available information it was assessed that no Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area that correspond to the report of civilian casualties.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For June 7th-8th, the Coalition reported: “Near Dayr Az Zawr, two strikes engaged two ISIS tactical units and destroyed a vehicle.”

Additionally, the Coalition reported that "five strikes were conducted in Syria and Iraq on June 6 that closed within the last 24 hours", one of these: "Near Dayr Az Zawr, Syria, one strike destroyed four ISIS oil tanks"

For June 8th-9th: no strikes were publicly reported in Deir Ez-Zour governorate.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    6 – 8
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (16) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS137

Incident date

November 9, 2015

Location

مخيم أوبين, Ubin IDP Camp, Lattakia, Syria

Geolocation

35.800556, 36.155278 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A major airstrike on an IDP camp close to the Turkish border killed up to eight civilians and injured a further ten, according to reports. While most blamed the Assad regime, JBC News claimed Russia was responsible. All said powerful Russian-made munitions were used in the attack.

The camp – home to 5,000 internally displaced Syrians – was reportedly struck by a massive 2,000lb bomb or missile. Survivor ‘Ahmed’ told Alaan TV: “While I was preparing some firewood to ward off the chill in my tent, we heard whistling, and a huge rocket exploded in the air. Hundreds of bomblets littered the camp carrying destruction and death.”

the VDC has named one victim who died by the regime strike.

The incident occured in the afternoon.

The victims were named as:

Mohammad Abd al Aziz al Ahmad
Age unknown male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 8
  • Civilians reported injured
    10–12
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (8) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    the aftermath of the airstrike in the camp - by JBC news
  • the aftermath of the airstrike in the camp - by JBC news
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    the aftermath of the airstrike in the camp - by JBC news
  • the aftermath of the airstrike in the camp - by JBC news
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    one of the victim photo - after the airstrike in the camp - by JBC news
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A photo was taken by one of the residents of the camp and given to Syria direct website.
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    the aftermath of the airstrike in the camp - by JBC news
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Photo of wounded kid from camp

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the Ubin IDP Camp (مخيم أوبين), for which the generic coordinates are: 35.800556, 36.155278. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Unknown

Russia confirms in its report covering November 6th-9th 2015 carrying out strikes in Lattakia governorate: “In the course of the last three days, aircraft of the Russian air group in the Syrian Arab Republic have performed 137 combat sorties engaging 448 terrorist objects in the Aleppo, Damascus, Idlib, Lattakia, Raqqah, Hama and Homs provinces.”

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 8
  • Civilians reported injured
    10–12
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime

Sources (7) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS299

Incident date

December 22, 2015

Location

جسر الشغور, Jisr al Shughour, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.81425, 36.319812 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between five and eight civilians including one to five women and four children were killed – and several other injured – in an alleged Russian airstrike on Bdama, Jisr al Shughour, according to multiple sources.

Reports by the Shaam News Network said that Russian warplanes targeted the town with two vacuum missiles, leading to the death of one woman, her three children and her fourth unborn child.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights stated that five women were killed in the attack, three from the same family

 

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 8
  • (4 children1–5 women3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (6) [ collapse]

  • Fires blaze as White Helmets rescue a man from site of alleged Russian strike on Bdama, Dec 22nd (via White Helmets)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A baby killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on December 22nd 2015. (via, SNN)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Another girl killed by alleged Russian airstrikes on 22nd December 2015. (via, SNN)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    White Helmets carry the bodies of deceased children from the scene. (via, SNN)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured man carried from the scene by the White Helmets in Jisr al Shughour. (via, SNN)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A girl's body being carried from the scene. (via, SNN)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

For December 18th-23rd, Russia reported that “In the course of five days, on December 18-23, aircraft of the Aerospace Forces in the Syrian Arab Republic have performed 302 combat sorties engaging 1093 objects in the Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Homs and Deir ez-Zor provinces.”

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 8
  • (4 children1–5 women3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (6) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS427

Incident date

January 20, 2016

Location

شقرة, Shaqra, Deir ez-Zor, Syria

Geolocation

35.3917089, 40.1224566 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between six and eight civilians were killed when Russian warplanes allegedly targeted a funeral following a previous airstrike on Shaqra on January 20th.

Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently reported that on the first incident in Shaqra on this day (listed above) in which “Fayez Al Shokan, five members of the Al Hayess family, Khaled Al Fadila, Firas Thabet Al Zarra’a and Mohammad Al Ka’oud” died when a house in mourning was targeted. They go on to say that while the family were burying these victims, “Russian planes targeted the funeral procession killing Muhannad Al Ali Saleh”.

According to the Shaam News Network, following the strike on the house of in mourning, “Russian aviation came back and targeted a funeral killing and wounding more people, the numbers of those are not yet known.”

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said six died.

Syrian Network for Human Rights reported that at least eight non-combatants died and 15 were injured in a raid by “suspected Russian warplanes” who “launched 4 rockets on a mourning location“.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Muhannad Al Ali Saleh
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    6 – 8
  • Civilians reported injured
    15
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

In its report for military actions on January 20 2016, the Kremlin reports carrying out strikes in Deir ez-Zor governorate: “In the course of the last day, aircraft of the Russian Aerospace Forces in the Syrian Arab Republic have performed 16 combat sorties engaging 57 objects of terrorists’ infrastructure.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    6 – 8
  • Civilians reported injured
    15
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS887

Incident date

June 11, 2016

Location

أورم الكبرى, Urma al Kubra, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.1475457, 36.9448239 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between three and eight non-combatants including two children, a woman and a member of the White Helmets died and dozens more were injured in raids on Orm al Kubra, according to local sources – though reports were conflicted as to whether this was the work of Russia or the Syrian regime.

LCCSY reported that four civilians including two children and a woman died and others were wounded when Russian warplanes carried out several strikes on Orm al Kubra.

The Shaam News Network initially blamed the Assad regime for the deaths of seven civilians, including women and children, after their home was targeted.

However, in a subsequent report it appeared to change their position, saying that “Russian enemy planes” were responsible.

All4Syria said: “Field sources reported that Russian warplanes raided the town of Urma Al Kubra, killing eight civilians, including women and children, and injuring others, and destroyed three houses over the heads of their owners.”

Zaitoun News was among other sources blaming Russia and putting the death toll as high as eight with dozens more wounded.

However, according to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, a member of the White Helmets, died when regime helicopters dropped barrel bombs on the town.

Aranews also blamed the regime, putting the number killed at seven.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights also reported a member of the White Helmets killed in an aerial bombardment but did not say who carried it out.

The White Helmets reported: “with the sound of dawn prayers warplanes carried out two raids on Greater Orme and the civil defence headed to the area to rescue the injured and pull out the victims from under the rubble. They pulled three martyrs from under the rubble and 3 others were rescued including women and children 11/6/2016.”

They also reported the death of “Yasser al Said Hussein and the injury of the volunteer Mohammad Fares Dib” in another raid while they were attempting to extinguish fires at the scene.

A further post said that Mohammad Fares Dib had lost his hand in this second strike.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (1)

Yasser Al Sayed Hussein
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 8
  • (2 children1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (22) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Mohammad Faress Dib, a volunteer with the White Helmets, who lost his hand when the team was targeted in another strike while attempting to extinguish fires from a previous raid in Ormal Kubra, June 11th (via White Helmets)
  • "...with the sound of dawn prayers warplanes carried out two raids on Urma al Kubra and the civil defence headed to the area to rescue the injured and pull out the victims from under the rubble" (via Aleppo White Helmets)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 8
  • (2 children1 woman1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (22) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS919

Incident date

June 19, 2016

Location

الأبزيمو, Al Ibzimo, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.1666667, 36.8666667 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Multiple sources reported the death of five children in Al Ibzimo town, Aleppo, though the highest number recorded dead is eight civilians in a article by futureTv news. Most sources blamed Russia, though there was also an allegations against the Assad regime.

Both the Syrian Network for Human Rights and Shaam News Network said Russia was responsible for the attacks.

SNN reported that activists in the area said that Russian warplanes were ‘targeting civilian houses’ using ‘cluster bombs which led to the martyrdom of five children from one family’. The source said that the victims’ bodies had been “transformed to shreds”.

The White Helmets posted photographs of the rescue operation including attempts to extinguish fires.

According to Blog.amin, the five victims were a “mother and her four children”. A number of other sources also referred to “children” or “siblings”.

Names of the victims were announced in a Halab TV Youtube video, the ages given on the video suggest that the five were in fact siblings rather than mother and children.

A Tweet by ShehabAgency reported the use of phosphorous bombs.

While the majority of sources attributed the event to Russia, or didn’t identify the culprit, Jisrtv alleged that the regime was to blame.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (5)

Tahani Ahmad Khaloussi
18 years old killed
Fatima Ahmad Khaloussi
15 years old female killed
Wissal Khaloussi
14 years old killed
Alaa Khaloussi
6 years old killed
Jana Khaloussi
5 years old killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 8
  • (5–7 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (26) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (10) [ collapse]

  • Rescue operation at Al Ibzimo (via Aleppo White Helmets)
  • White Helmets put out blaze following air raids (via Aleppo White Helmets)
  • White Helmets put out fires after air raids on Al Ibzimo (via Aleppo White Helmets)
  • White Helmets put out blaze at Al Ibzimo (via Aleppo White Helmets)
  • Names of children alleged killed listed @ 1’33” (Youtube via Halab Tv Today)
  • A body is carried through the destruction on Al Ibizmo following suspected Russian raids - image also published on incident at Kherbat al Emeqeya June 25th , therefore uncertain of legitimacy (via SN4HR)
  • Aftermath of raids on Al Ibzimo (via Jisrtv)
  • "killed six children from one family by the bombing of Russian warplanes town Al Ibzimo Bgartin strikes with cluster bombs have turned their bodies to pieces, in addition to a large destruction and fires in the houses of civilians and their property" (via Baladi)
  • "The martyrs and the wounded due to the bombing of the Regime for the village of Al Ibzimo countryside Aleppo" (Youtube by Jisrtv)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 8
  • (5–7 children1 woman)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (26) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2876

Incident date

January 9, 2018

Location

الجديدة, Al-Jadida, east of Abu al Dhouhour, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.700000, 36.700000 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Province/governorate level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between four and eight civilians were reported killed and “dozens” were wounded in what has been described as a massacre by local media. Sources said that airstrikes struck the vicinity of Al-Jadida and it was contested as to who was to blame. Most reportage attributed blame to Russia, however, there are also allegations blaming the Syrian regime.

Four women were included in the death toll, as well as an unspecific number of children.

Sources reported that shelling and “explosive barrels” were used to hit the vicinity.

Zaitoun Mag reported that “regime forces were still making progress in the villages of Idlib and Hama”.

There are no other details at this time.

The incident occured in the morning.

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 8
  • (3–4 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • The aftermath of alleged Russian and Syrian regime raids on Al-Jadida, 9th Jan 2018. (via Syrian Coalition)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    4 – 8
  • (3–4 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (11) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS406

Incident date

January 16, 2016

Location

قصر البريج, Qasr al Burayj, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.31798, 37.70512 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Alaan TV reported Russian raids on Qasr el Bureji, but did not provide information on casualties.

According to Halab News, eight civilians died in a bombardment by warplanes, though they did not identify the planes.

Step also put the death toll at eight, though it was unclear from their report whether Russia or the regime were responsible.

According to Zaiton magazine, Russia carried out the raids.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    8
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

In its report for military actions on January 19 2016, the Kremlin reports carrying out strikes in Aleppo governorate: “In the course of the last four days, aircraft of the Russian air group in the Syrian Arab Republic have performed 157 combat sorties engaging 579 objects of terrorists’ infrastructure in the provinces of Aleppo, Raqqah, Latakia, Homs, Hama and Deir ez-Zor.“

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    8
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (4) [ collapse]