Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS1470

Incident date

October 16, 2016

Location

القاطرجي, Al Qaterji (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.1995518, 37.1815538 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In a major civilian casualty event, up to 31 civilians including at least nine children and five women from several families died and as many as 70 more were wounded in multiple airstrikes on residential buildings in Aleppo’s Al Qaterji neighbourhood, according to local media. Many sources blamed Russia for the event, though several also pointed to the regime. Micro Syria quoted the director of the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, Rami Abdul Rahman, who said that “it was not known whether the raids were Syrian regime or Russian”.

All sources, however, were agreed on the widespread destruction inflicted on the area – and a death toll which rose into double figures. At least two residential buildings – including a five-storey apartment block – were reportedly destroyed in the attack, leaving tens of people trapped under the rubble.

According to Focusaleppo, “On Sunday [Oct 16th] , Syrian and Russian warplanes targeted a car repair shop in the Al Qaterji district with four air strikes, killing 31 civilians and injuring more than 70. The civil defence said in a statement that the shelling targeted a five-story residential building, completely destroying it and damaging adjacent buildings inhabited by residents close to the targeted area. Civil defence teams were able to rescue many of the injured and transport them to field hospitals, though there are still people trapped under the rubble.”

@rola1katib provided a brief and chilling tweet, stating that “most of the martyrs were buried alive under their homes”.

Syria News reported that “high-explosive rockets were used on the neighbourhood for the first time”, while Halab News reported that Russia deployed “bunker busting missiles”.

While the majority of sources said that Russia was responsible, The Syrian Network for Human Rights attributed the event to the regime, reporting at least 13 civilian deaths, including “Fatima, Rimas, Jinan Abu Akhras and their mother”.

@iphs_tr – put death toll at 30 publishing images of a child who survived being treated in a medical facility. According to the White Helmets “the child Marouf” was rescued. Many sources published images of the children slain in this event: @ahmad09904 named a little girl as “Amira“, while @plespost posted a picture of five dead infants.

Halab News and BNN named 25 civilians as killed and included 4 unidentified civilians from the Sharfo family.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (18)

Mohammad Kamal Abu Kharas
Age unknown male named by Halab News and BNN killed
Kamal Mohammad Abu Kharas
Child named by Halab News and BNN killed
Zainab Kamal Abu Kharas
Child named by Halab News and BNN killed
The wife of Mohamamd Kamal Abu Kharas
Adult female named by Halab News and BNN killed
Abdallah Kamal Abu Kharas
Age unknown named by Halab News and BNN killed
Kamal Abdallah Abu Kharas
Child named by Halab News and BNN killed
Zainab Abdallah Abu Kharas
Child named by Halab News and BNN killed
The wife of Abdallah Kamal Abu Kharas
Adult female named by Halab News and BNN killed
Omar Kamal Abu Kharas
Age unknown named by Halab News and BNN killed
Zainabl Omar Abu Kharas
Child named by Halab News and BNN killed
The wife of Omar Kamal Abu Kharas
Adult female named by Halab News and BNN killed
Ahmad Mustafa Abu Kharas
Adult male named by Halab News and BNN killed
Wife of Ahmad Mustafa Abu Kharas
Adult female named by Halab News and BNN killed
Daughter of Ahmad Mustafa Abu Kharas
Child female named by Halab News and BNN killed
he wife of Fayez Abu Kharas
Adult female named by Halab News and BNN killed
Daughter of Fayez Abu Kharas 1
Child female named by Halab News and BNN killed
Daughter of Fayez Abu Kharas 2
Child female named by Halab News and BNN killed
Daughter of Fayez Abu Kharas 3
Child female named by Halab News and BNN killed

Family members (7)

Alaa Dannouf
Age unknown named by Halab News and BNN killed
The daughter of Alaa Danouf
Child female named by Halab News and BNN killed
Zainab Danouf
Age unknown named by Halab News and BNN killed
Member of the Sharfo family
Member of the Sharfo family
Member of the Sharfo family
Member of the Sharfo family

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    25 – 31
  • (9–13 children5–6 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–70
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (33) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (26) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Image of a child's body trapped in rubble in Al Qaterji, Oct 16th (via SN4HR)
  • Fatima, Rimas, and Jinan Abu Akhras, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Al Qaterji, 16th October 2016. (via SN4HR)
  • Huge amounts of damage can be seen to the local infrastructure which includes civilian housing in Al Qaterji on 16th October 2016. (via HNN)
  • Huge amounts of damage can be seen to the local infrastructure which includes civilian housing in Al Qaterji on 16th October 2016. (via HNN)
  • Huge amounts of damage can be seen to the local infrastructure which includes civilian housing in Al Qaterji on 16th October 2016. (via HNN)
  • Injured civilian makes his way through what is left of the area in the aftermath of the alleged raid, Oct 16th (via HNN)
  • Huge amounts of damage can be seen to the local infrastructure which includes civilian housing in Al Qaterji on 16th October 2016. (via HNN)
  • Child stands amongst the rubble. (via HNN)
  • Huge amounts of damage can be seen to the local infrastructure which includes civilian housing in Al Qaterji on 16th October 2016. (via HNN)
  • A member of the White Helmets in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via HNN)
  • Attempting to clear up the rubble in the aftermath of the incident. (via HNN)
  • Members of the White Helmets in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via HNN)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Marouf, a wounded child who is stuck on what looks like the side of a building, which has been struck by alleged Russian and Syrian regime raids. (via ali_i2xx7)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Marouf, a wounded child who is stuck on what looks like the side of a building, which has been struck by alleged Russian and Syrian regime raids. (via ali_i2xx7)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Marouf, a wounded child who is stuck on what looks like the side of a building, which has been struck by alleged Russian and Syrian regime raids. (via ali_i2xx7)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Marouf, a wounded child. (via ali_i2xx7)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Marouf, killed and his body stuck on what looks like the side of a building, which has been struck by alleged Russian and Syrian regime raids. (via fadidahouk)
  • Amira, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on 16th October 2016. (via ahmad09904)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Marouf, a wounded child receiving medical treatment. (via iphs_tr)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Babies, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on 16th October 2016. (via plespost)
  • Two girls, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on 16th October 2016. (via plespost)
  • The aftermath of the alleged raid. (via HalabTodayTV)
  • White Helmets to be seen the following day after the raid, Oct 16th, still sifting through rubble. (via White Helmets)
  • A news bulletin documenting the raid. (via Al Boazizi)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Child casualties seen being pulled from the rubble of civilian homes which were struck by alleged Russian and Syrian regime warplanes, Oct 16th (via Buraq.Media.Fundation)
  • The aftermath of the alleged raid. (via Almodon )

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between October 1st – 19th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    25 – 31
  • (9–13 children5–6 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–70
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (33) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS2985

Incident date

February 6, 2018

Location

دوما, Douma , Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

33.5714804, 36.4033699 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In this incident, described by many sources as a “massacre”, up to 31 civilians, including up to eight children and 11 women, were killed and “dozens” wounded, as Russian and/or Assad warplanes struck the town of Douma, eastern Ghouta, Damascus.

According to local reports, the incident in Douma was one out of many that day in eastern Ghouta. In fact, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) called strikes in eastern Ghouta on February 6th “the largest Syrian massacre in 53 days.”

In Douma, the lowest reported death toll was seven while the Syrian Network for Human Righth (SN4HR) reported as many as 31 fatalities, including four children and 11 women. SOHR said that eight children were among the fatalities.

In the immediate aftermath of the strikes, Ammar Alhassan noted that “a whole family is still under the ruins of Douma”.

DMC identified the name of one male victim who was killed along with his wife. However, it should be noted that DMC, reporting on February 6th, said that the couple was killed by strikes in Douma “yesterday.”

It should be noted that while most sources only mentioned airstrikes, Mohammed Wahd, Smart News Agency and SN4HR also reported about artillery shelling. For example, SN4HR reported about both “warplanes and artillery, missiles and shells.”

Finally, it remains unclear who is to blame. Most of the sources who identified a culprit pointed to the Syrian regime. Among these were Daily Sabah News, SN4HR and Smart News Agency.

However, LCCSY pointed, as the only one, to both “Russian and Assad raids”.

The remaining sources did not apportion blame.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Age unknown male killed
Age unknown female killed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 31
  • (4–8 children1–11 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • The contested strikes left large parts of Douma, Damascus, completely destroyed with many civilians buried under the rubble on February 6th, 2018 (via Bilal Abu Salah)
  • Civil Defence members arriving to the scene following the contested strikes in Douma, Damascus, February 6th, 2018 (via Diaa DOuman)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civil Defence members arriving to the scene following the contested strikes in Douma, Damascus, February 6th, 2018 (via Syria Civil Defense)
  • Aftermath of the contested strikes in Douma, Damascus, February 6th, 2018 (via Smart News Agency)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between February 1st - 28th 2018.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 31
  • (4–8 children1–11 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3156

Incident date

March 4, 2018

Location

دوما, Douma, Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

33.5714804, 36.4033699 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Reports claimed that between three and 28 civilians were killed, including 11 children and two women, in air and artillery strikes on Douma. Sources blamed both The Syrian regime and Russia for the raids.

Multiple sources did however report that four of the dead were wounded from a previous strike and died on this exact day. Whether that was from the raids or wounds it is unclear. 28 victims were named overall, two were unidentified.

Dozens of civilians were reportedly wounded.

There were as many as 20 strikes with 30 artillery shells fired onto the residential neighbourhood.

According to Syria TV, “Saeed al-Masri, a member of the civil defence, saved his three-month-old son from the rubble. He never imagined that his mission would be to save his child from the rubble of his home.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Ahmad al-Hwaid
Adult male killed
Omer Ali Ganoum
Adult male killed
Anwar Shihadeh Eibour
Adult male killed
Safae Salim Idrees
Adult female killed
Yaerob Mohammad al-Hakeem
Child male killed
Mohammad Bassam al-Kharej
Child male killed
Samah Oyoun
Child female killed
Mohammad Ganoum
Adult male killed
Sara Marwan Rashed
Adult female killed
Wael Salim Badawia
Child male killed
Adnan Ali al-Bwaidani
Adult male killed
Sobhi Younes al-Rez
Adult male killed
Mohammad Younes al-Rez
Adult male killed
Mohammad Khair Anwar al-Rez
Adult male killed
Ibraheem al-Mshaewet
Adult male killed
Waheed Ahmad Gadban
Adult male killed
Tawfeeq Hasan al-Shami
Adult male killed
Qosai Mohammad Abd al-Qader
Child male killed
Gazal Mohammad Gazi
Child female killed
Kasem Mohammad Gazi
Child male killed
Gadeer Barkhash
Child female killed
Lana Mohammad Abd al-Qader
Child female killed
Abd al-Rahman Yasin Hamdo
Child male killed
Kasem Mohammad al-Shaikh Bzaineh
Child male killed
Maher Kaekeh
Adult male killed
Mohei al-Deen Zaino
Adult male killed
Ahmad Mwas
Adult male killed
Amer al-Malla
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 31
  • (11 children2 women15 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (15) [ collapse]

  • A father rescues his own son while on duty with the Syrian Civil Defence, Douma, March 4th 2018. (via Syria TV)
  • Wounded civilians in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Douma Medical)
  • Wounded civilians in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Douma Medical)
  • Wounded civilians in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Douma Medical)
  • Wounded civilians in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Douma Medical)
  • Two bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via @SyriaCivilDefe)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Yasar Yavuz)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via @Heba1Twofik)
  • Ahmad al-Hawaid (Abu Ziad), killed in airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Abo Hamoud Douma)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Ahmad al-Hawaid (Abu Ziad), killed in airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Abo Hamoud Douma)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Syrian Network for Human Rights)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Syrian Revolution)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Syrian Revolution)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Syrian Revolution)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Bodies in the aftermath of airstrikes on Douma, 4th March 2018. (via Syrian Revolution)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    3 – 31
  • (11 children2 women15 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS993

Incident date

July 12, 2016

Location

Al Hadlat camp, near Al Hammad, Deir ez-Zor, Syria

Geolocation

32.857888, 37.820134 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

All sources blamed Russian warplanes for the airstrikes on Al Hadlat camp for displaced persons which reportedly killed up to 30 civilians. The camp is on the border near Al Hammad, in the Hammad Desert.

Saeed Seif, a media activist in Badiyat Sham (Sham Desert), reported that there were more than seven raids on the camp, which used cluster bombs and injured up to 40 people.

Syria Direct claimed that there were five Russian raids which killed 17 civilians  – including women and children – and “wounded others”. Khaberni News placed the numbers of wounded higher at 50, as did the Syrian Newsdesk.

Many of the wounded were taken to Jordanian hospitals for medial treatment.

According to Syrian Newsdesk, “it was very difficult to transport the injured towards the Jordanian border, due to the continued flight of the Russian aviation over the area.”

Multiple sources reported the use of missiles and cluster bombs on the camp.

Against Terrorism said  that more than 20 people were killed in the raids, while the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights put the figure at 30 including 2 children.

Khaberni News claimed that “the camp hosts the family of fighters who are working against IS and are supported by the coalition.” The majority of the residents of the displaced camp were originally from Dier Ezzor and had escaped from ISIS control. LCCSY also reported that there were more than 350 families in the camp and most of them were the families of rebels.

The Reuters Report claimed that this was the first attack of its kind near the Jordanian border.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Sanna Ali Jakka
Age unknown killed
Anas Mohammad
Age unknown killed
Ranjiha al Alian
Age unknown killed
Sham Hasan al Matar
Age unknown killed
Ismail Mohammad al Kahhal
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 30
  • (2 children2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    10–50
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (29) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • Jordanian soldiers take the wounded from the camp near its borders to its hospitals. July 12th 2016, Al Hadlat camp.
  • A Russian warplane allegedly attacked the displaced persons camp near Al-Hammad (Youtube via SMO)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A bloodied child - the aftermath of suspected Russian shelling on Al Hammad (via Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently) [Page no longer available - accessed via Airwars archive]
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A wounded or potentially dead child - the aftermath of suspected Russian shelling on Al Hammad (via Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently) [Page no longer available - accessed via Airwars archive]
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian child cries whilst laying on the floor - the aftermath of suspected Russian shelling on Al Hammad (via Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently) [Page no longer available - accessed via Airwars archive]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia is not known to have publicly reported on the locations of any airstrikes during July 2016.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 30
  • (2 children2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    10–50
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (29) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1956

Incident date

March 9, 2017

Location

الميادين, Al Mayadeen, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Geolocation

35.016667, 40.444167 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between seven and 30 civilians were killed, and as many as 100 were estimated to be injured, following an alleged airstrike on an educational complex. Sources were conflicted as to who was to blame. Almost all sources attributed blame to the Russian warplanes, whilst the Syrian Network for Human Rights blamed the Syrian regime. Enabbaladi only reported that “fighter jets” carried out the airstrikes. 

An entire family including a man, woman and three children were killed when the missiles struck their home. According to Orient News, the civilians were mostly women and children.

According to local media, Al Jaish street was struck, which homed an educational complex named Al Moujama’a Al Tarbaoui, Al Baladya (bakery) and Al-Ameen Mosque.

Aljaish Street and its market were also reportedly caught in the raids, according to a local Twitter feed, @HadiAlabdallah. Allegedly the school was not being used as a school, but was housing hundreds of families of displaced Syrians and Iraqi refugees. Residential housing was also struck, which led to the collapse of three buildings on the families of civilians.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that 12 bombs were dropped on the vicinity. Another local source reported there were six raids in total.

Reportedly, civilians were being rescued from the rubble hours after the incident – and the death toll was expected to climb due to the severity of injuries.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Amer al-Basri
Age unknown injured
Khaldun al-Nur
Adult male injured
Wife of Khaldun al-Nur
Adult female injured
Adult male died on the 12th due to wounds sustained in this raid killed
Adult male died on the 14th due to wounds sustained in this raid killed
Adult male from al Tiba, died on the 16th due to wounds sustained in this raid killed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 30
  • (3 children1 woman1–3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–100
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (32) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • Ali Khalifa al Faleh, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Al Mayadeen, 9th March 2017. (via Euphrates)
  • Omar al Turki, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Al Mayadeen, 9th March 2017. (via Euphrates)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between March 1st - 31st 2017.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    7 – 30
  • (3 children1 woman1–3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–100
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (32) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CS477 RS1881

Incident date

February 7, 2017

Location

إدلب, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.93062, 36.63393 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

A major airstrike on Idlib city killed up to 30 civilians and injured up to 300 more. Reports blamed both Russia and the US-led Coalition for the attack. The Coalition has expressly denied any involvement – though a unilateral US action remains possible.

The attack – which reportedly involved both airstrikes and missiles – caused massive casualties. However attribution was accused. Most blamed Russia – including Idlib Media Center, LCCSY, Halab Today, Step News, Shaam News, Idlib Media Centre, the Syrian Network and Al Araby.

Others said both the Coalition and Russia were responible – including Syria News, Baladi News, the Syrian Observatory and Al Jazeera. All for Syria was alone in blaming the Assad regime – though a later report went on to blame Russia and the Coalition – while the White Helmets did not attribute responsibility.

Complicating attribution, Russia later denied any role in the attack.

A later video by Halab Today referred to destruction caused by both “Russian and Coalition” warplanes.

Syria News Desk also reported that the warplanes were “believed to belong to Russia and the Coalition”.

Step reported: “Our correspondent pointed out that among the Russian raids were two raids by the international coalition which targeted Sheikh Abu Al Qassem al Muhajer who is a member of Haiat Tahrir al Sham [formerly Fatah al Sham Front] injuring him. He was rescued from under the rubble.”

Baladi went further, reporting that “We received from the observatories the information which is semi confirmed that there was coordination between the coalition and Russian planes. This was what the observatories confirmed.”

Alaraby reported that Russian warships and warplanes were responsible.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said that “it is not known whether they were Russian warplanes or warplanes of the international coalition, or if they were a combination of both.”

In its May 2017 report the Coalition denied responsibility: “Feb. 7, 2017, near Idlib, Syria, via social media report: No Coalition strikes were conducted on that day in the geographic area of the reported civilian casualties. The closest strike to the report of possible civilian casualties was 90 km away.”

 

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Child female killed

Family members (5)

Age unknown female killed
Child female killed
Child female killed
Age unknown male killed

Family members (2)

Age unknown female From Binnish killed
Age unknown female From Binnish killed

Family members (2)

Age unknown female killed
Age unknown female killed

The victims were named as:

Child female killed
Age unknown female killed
Age unknown female Muslim al Zeir's wife killed
Age unknown female killed
Child male killed
Child male killed
Age unknown female Muslim al Zeir's mother killed
Age unknown female Muslim al Zeir's daughter killed
Age unknown female killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown female killed
Child male killed
Age unknown male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 30
  • (12–15 children10–11 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–300
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Unknown, Russian Military

Sources (64) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (30) [ collapse]

  • Destruction from the air strike (via LCCSY)
  • Destruction from the air strike (via LCCSY)
  • Destruction from the air strike (via LCCSY)
  • Destruction from the air strike (via LCCSY)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • Destruction in the residential buildings in Al Qousour neighbourhood(via Idlib Media Center)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civil Defence workers at the scene of the strike (via Syria Civil Defence Idlib )
  • Destruction due to the air strike (via Syria Civil Defence Idlib )
  • Civil Defence workers at the scene of the strike (via Syria Civil Defence Idlib)
  • Translation: My daughters murdered by Putin’s airstrikes - saying googdbye to her two daughter [Tasnim and Sham] after Russian raids on the city of Idlib.
  • Aftermath of the air strike (via All4Syria)
  • Aftermath of the air strike (via All4Syria)
  • Aftermath of the air strike (via All4Syria)
  • Aftermath of the air strike (via All4Syria)
  • Aftermath of the air strike (via All4Syria)
  • Aftermath of the air strike (via All4Syria)
  • Rescue workers at the scene (via Idlib White Helmets)
  • Translation: The signs of raids by warplanes on the city of Idlib.
  • Translation: Pulling the wounded and martyrs from under the rubble after warplanes bombed Idlib last night. Mother calling out to her daughter Sham, says "oh my oldest girls, the love of your father." The civil defence are asking her to come out and take her daughters out.
  • Translation: Civil defence teams continue to look for those missing under the rubble following the violent raids on Idlib.
  • Translation: Idlib - martyrs and wounded in intense Russian raids on the city’s neighbourhoods.
CJTF–OIR Declassified Assessment and Press Release

Attached to this civilian harm incident is a provisional reconciliation of the Pentagon's declassified assessment of this civilian harm allegation, based on matching date and locational information.

The declassified documents were obtained by Azmat Khan and the New York Times through Freedom of Information requests and lawsuits filed since March 2017, and are included alongside the corresponding press release published by the Pentagon. Airwars is currently analysing the contents of each file, and will update our own assessments accordingly.

Declassified Assessment Press Release

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Non credible / Unsubstantiated
    Insufficient information to assess that, more likely than not, a Coalition strike resulted in civilian casualties.
  • Reason for non-credible assessment
    No Coalition strikes were conducted in the geographical area
  • Civilian deaths conceded
    None
  • Civilian injuries conceded
    None
  • Stated location
    near Idlib, Syria
    Nearest population center

Civilian casualty statements

US-led Coalition
  • Apr 30, 2017
  • No Coalition strikes were conducted on that day in the geographic area of the reported civilian casualties. The closest strike to the report of possible civilian casualties was 90 km away.

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For February 6th-8th the Coalition reported no strikes in Idlib governorate. However unilateral US strikes are no longer reported by CJTFOIR.

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 30
  • (12–15 children10–11 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–300
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Unknown, Russian Military

Sources (64) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS974

Incident date

July 8, 2016

Location

دركوش, Darkoush, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.9916361, 36.3938856 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Twenty six named civilians including a child and eight women died and up to 70 more were wounded in an airstrike on a residential neighbourhood and popular market in Darkoush, according to local media – though sources were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were to blame. The strike reportedly took place at midday on July 8th.

Sources disputed claims over the aircraft used in this attack. Alan TV and Syrian PC reported that Russian warships and missiles were used. Ara News claims that missiles were fired from warships and warplanes followed with shelling. Both DW News and BBC Arabic reported shelling by warplanes.

Syrian Network for Human rights claimed that both Russian and Assad regime warplanes were responsible for the damage, whereas Syrian Newsdesk blamed only Russia.

Halab Today reported sighting the use of “long ranging missiles”.

Numerous sources reported the names of the dead which included a list compiled by Darkoush Hospital where the majority of the casualties and wounded civilians went.

A further 35-70 people were wounded in the airstrike. Syrian Newsdesk reported that the numbers of wounded were so high that “medical points in neighbouring areas asked people to donate blood”.

According to Shaam News Network, Assad regime warplanes did not only target Darkoush, but on the same day “targeted Kfrcharim city in the north-west of Idlib, which resulted in the fall of martyrs and wounded a number of civilians.”

Sambo1982ksa put the death toll as high as 30, and also blamed Russia.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Hasna’a Shikh Mohammed
Age unknown female from Armanaz killed
Mahmood Khudro Mohammed
Age unknown male from Armanaz killed

Family members (2)

Asama’a Zanbakli
Age unknown female from Maarat Al-Nu'man killed
Afra’a Zanbakli
Age unknown female from Maarat Al-Nu'man killed

Family members (3)

Ahmad ABdullah Sha’rawi
Age unknown male from Maarat Al-Nu'man killed
Mohammed Sha’rawi
Age unknown male from Maarat Al-Nu'man killed
Ibrahim Sha’rawi
Age unknown male from Maarat Al-Nu'man killed

The victims were named as:

Ameen Umran
Age unknown male from Darkoush killed
Abdullah Hashmo
Age unknown male from Ariha killed
Youssef Jamal Al-Deen
Age unknown male from Darkoush killed
Salwa Al-Sharawi
Age unknown female from Maarat Al-Nu'man killed
Maram Milshoo
Age unknown female from Maarat Al-Nu'man killed
Adeela Ma’tooq
Age unknown female from Ariha killed
Manal Sha’ar
Age unknown female from Idlib killed
Ali Al-Ali Al-Mutalak
Age unknown male from Aleppo, Al-Ees killed
Ahmad Al-shkih Taha
Age unknown male from Idlib killed
Khaled Basha
Age unknown male from Idlib killed
Mohammed Hassan
Age unknown male from Kafr Nabilm killed
Abdullah Ibrahim Fayez Safureya
Age unknown male from Darkoush killed
Qamar Al-Basha
Age unknown female from Idlib killed
Abdul-Aziz Bushnaq
Age unknown male from Hraytan killed
Abdullah Fayez Mohammed
Age unknown male killed
Fawzy Haitham Al-Kurdi
Age unknown male from Maarat Al Nu'man killed
Abdul-Salam Dawood
Age unknown male killed
Fatima Abdallah Sha’arawi
Age unknown female killed
Lina Milsho
3 months years old female killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    26 – 30
  • (1 child8 women15 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    35–70
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (36) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (24) [ collapse]

  • The damage caused to the residential buildings in Darkoush, 8th July 2016. (via Syria Live Network tweet).
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A tweet showing graphic images of victims, the source alleged Assad responsible (via @7aneen_alwajih)
  • Footage of the destruction in Darkoush after alleged airstrikes, the source alleged Russia responsible (Youtube via Alan TV)
  • A vehicle ablaze in Darkoush after strikes launched from suspected Russian warship (via Syrianpc)
  • Civilians tend to victims stuck under the rubble, after alleged Russian strikes launched from warships (via Ara news)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The Civil Defense use a digger to remove victims from a destroyed building in Darkoush (via BBC Arabic)
  • Vehicles and buildings in flames following alleged airstrikes on Darkoush (via DW news)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The youngest civilian killed in the alleged strikes, Lian Milsho, three months old (via Eithad press)
  • Distressing footage of victims and wounded following suspected Russian or Regime attacks on Darkoush (Youtube via Baladi News)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilian children in Darkoush, the aftermath of suspected attack from Russian warship (via syriahr)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian child under medical supervision following alleged airstrikes (via Smart)
  • Material destruction, the aftermath of alleged warship missiles (tweet by @Syriamubasher)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians, including children, after suspected Russian strikes on Darkoush (tweet by @mozahim7171)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian child wounded by suspected Russian strikes (Tweet by @123Rania123) [Page no longer available - accessed via Airwars archive]
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian child covered in bandages, the aftermath of suspected Russian attacks on Darkoush (Tweet by @123Ranis123) [Page no longer available - accessed via Airwars archive]
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    People look after the wounded after a market in Darkoush was allegedly struck by Russian missiles (via @Sambo1982 ksa)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A market struck by Russia in rural Idlib, resulting in significant civilian harm (Tweet via @sambo1982ksa)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Very graphic images of civilian children killed and wounded in Darkoush (Tweet by @darkosh11)
  • A medic attempts to resuscitate one of the wounded in Darkoush (Tweet by @Alwasakuwait)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured and killed in the streets of Darkoush after suspected Russian attacks (Tweet by @7aneen_alwajih)
  • The names of those injured and killed in Darkoush, listed by the local hospital (Tweet by @sayedissa00)
  • Material destruction after alleged rocket strike in Darkoush (Youtube by Gift of the Givers Foundation)
  • Further material destruction in buildings in Darkoush (Youtube via Gift of the Givers Foundation)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Footage of severely wounded civilians in Darkoush (Youtube via Gift of the Givers Foundation)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between July 1st – 14th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    26 – 30
  • (1 child8 women15 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    35–70
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (36) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1619

Incident date

November 18, 2016

Location

ياقد العدس, Yaqid Al Adas Village, Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.2645222, 37.0187463 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between 10 and 30 civilians were reported killed and dozens wounded in a raid of concussion rockets on Yaqid Al Adas, Aleppo, according to multiple sources – though it was unclear whether Russia or the Assad regime were responsible.

Khalid al-Qasim, a field activist in Northern Aleppo, told Ara News that the death toll was as high as 30 civilians and that Russian warplanes were responsible for the event: “The Russian warplanes committed a horrific massacre in the northern countryside of Aleppo after targeting civilian houses in the town of Yaqed Al Adas with a number of concussion rockets, causing 30 deaths and dozens of wounded, including women and children.”

Most sources attributed responsibility for the event to Russia, whilst some did not apportion blame.

Syrian Network for Human Rights, however, who put the death toll at “at least 18 civilians dead”, reported that “government warplanes” were responsible for the raid on Yaqid Al Adas.

Aleppo AMC reported that “more than ten” civilians had died and that most were women and children – a fact that was also reported by Syria News Time – however, there was no further detail of the identification of the victims to confirm this.

HNN’s list of martyrs states that 25 civilians were killed “following Russian enemy raids” on Yaqid Al Adas.

All of the sources that mention wounded civilians, state that there were “dozens”, however, no further detail is known.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 30
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (18) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • Translation: The massacre of Yaqed Al Adas 18/11/2016.
  • Translation: Influential - The moment a child was rescued from the rubble in the town of Yaqed Al Adas in the northern countryside of Aleppo.
  • Translation: Photo showing a girl under the rubble. A result of the bombing of the village of Yaqed Al Adas in rural #Aleppo, by government warplanes which caused the massacre on November 18.
  • Translation: massacre carried out by Russian aviation in the town of Yaqed Al Adas in rural West Aleppo. Preliminary toll 20 martyrs and wounded.
  • Translation: around 20 civilians killed and others injured following Russian air raids targeting the town of Yaked Adas in the western Aleppo countryside.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between November 1st – 30th 2016.

On 6 January 2017, Russia, however, reported: “Since November 8, 2016, the aircraft carrier group of the Northern Fleet consisting of the heavy aircraft carrying cruiser Admiral Kuznetsov, the heavy nuclear missile cruiser Pyotr Velikiy, the large ASW ship Severomorsk, as well as auxiliary vessels of the Black Sea Fleet, has been fulfilling counterterrorist missions on the territory of Syria”, adding that ”in the course of two months of their participation in the combat actions, naval aviation pilots have carried out 420 combat sorties, 117 of them were night ones”.

Additionally, Russia reported that its air forces have carried out strikes in Aleppo during November and December 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 30
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (18) [ collapse]