Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS228

Incident date

December 4, 2015

Location

جسرين, Jissrain, Damascus, Syria

Geolocation

33.51049, 36.38865 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between 16 and 30 civilians were reported killed and more than 50 others injured (“most of them women and children”), when Russian warplanes allegedly dropped four missiles on the popular market town of Jissrain (‘Two Bridges’), destroying residential buildings and shops according to reports.

Activists told  Shaam News Network that the civilians had been “shot to pieces.” Reported deaths quickly rose from 11 to 27 and then to 30, with dozens of people injured, some critically. Local hospitals were said to have been overwhelmed.

Civilians killed have been named by VDC.  2 unidentified women, 2 unidentified men and 1 unidentified child was also discovered.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (7)

Suleiman Darweish
Adult male killed
Rafat Darweish
Adult male killed
Abdulrazzaq Darweish
Adult killed
Daughter of Nazem Darweish
Child female killed
Daughter of Abo Diab Darweish
Child female killed
Mohammad Khaled Darweish
Child male killed
Abdulrhamen Jabri Darweish
Adult male killed

Family members (2)

Dia al-Nabki
Adult male killed
Wael al-Nabki
Adult male killed

The victims were named as:

Hassan al-Khateib
Adult male killed
Mohammad Zuheir Abdulhay
Adult male killed
Khaled Abdulqader Makawi 
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    16 – 30
  • (3–6 children2 women10 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    50
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (1) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Graphic footage showing victims following an alleged Russian airstrike on Jissrayn. (via, Coordination Committee of Jissrayn- Eastern Ghouta)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

For November 26th-December 4th 2015, Russia made no public mention of carrying out strikes in Damascus governorate.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    16 – 30
  • (3–6 children2 women10 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    50
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (12) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1113

Incident date

August 9, 2016

Location

Mheimidiya, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Geolocation

35.44294, 40.08619 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between 15 and 30 civilians were killed, including three children and four women, and between 20 to 40 wounded – some critically – by an aerial bombardment of the town of Mahimideh, local media reported. The majority of sources attributed the event to the Assad regime.

However, four airstrikes were conducted by planes that were identified by Qasioun and @Shahed_alep as belonging to Russian forces.But the Syrian Network for Human Rights, Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, and and Arabstoday were among the many sources that blamed the regime.

The strikes reportedly airstrikes hit civilian homes, Shahatha Hebron School, a grocery store, and agricultural land.

The Violations Documentation Center blamed “Syrian government and affiliated militias” for the death of 15 civilians.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (4)

Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed

Family members (4)

Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Age unknown female

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    15 – 30
  • (3 children4 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    20–40
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (33) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (2) [ collapse]

  • The exact moment the raid hit. (via, Arabstoday)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured man receives medical treatment. (via, Rozana News)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between August 1st – 10th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    15 – 30
  • (3 children4 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    20–40
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (33) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3399

Incident date

April 9, 2018

Location

وادي النسيم, Wadi Al Nasim, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.916719, 36.641455 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An unidentified explosion rocked the neighbourhood of Wadi Al Nasim in the city of Idlib, killing at least 10 civilians and injuring up to 150, local sources said.

Zeiton News said 12 women and seven children were among 29 killed by a long-range ballistic missile launched from Russian battleships. Additional sources, including a military observatory in the region, also reported the use of ballistic missiles by Russian forces.

However, alternative sources said the cause of the explosion could not be identified. Both airstrikes and ballistic missiles from warships in the Mediterranean Sea were reported, while Syria HR raised the possibility of a “booby trapped vehicle explosion.”

The Syrian Civil Defense said the explosion collapsed four residential buildings, including a seven storey building. The headquarters of the Caucasus Army, formerly the Nasra Front, was also damaged. The group belongs to al-Qaeda, according to the Associated Press.

The incident occured during the night.

The victims were named as:

Child female killed
Child female killed
Child killed
Child killed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery, Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground)
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 29
  • (1–7 children12–13 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    50–154
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Unknown
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (28) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (31) [ collapse]

  • Explosion shakes Idlib, leaving 13 dead and 120 injured, Orient TV (April 2018)
  • Dozens dead and wounded in an unknown explosion in the city of Idlib, Smart News (April 2018)
  • The first moments following the explosion in Wadi Naseem, Ebba News (April 2018)
  • The first moments following the explosion in Wadi Naseem, Ebba News (April 2018)
  • The first moments following the explosion in Wadi Naseem, Ebba News (April 2018)
  • The explosion destroyed four residential buildings, Syrian Noor (April 2018)
  • Wounded children in Wadi Al Nasim after an explosion, Idlib Plus (April 2018)
  • Wounded children in Wadi Al Nasim after an explosion, Idlib Plus (April 2018)
  • Wounded children in Wadi Al Nasim after an explosion, Idlib Plus (April 2018)
  • Wounded children in Wadi Al Nasim after an explosion, Idlib Plus (April 2018)
  • Civil defense teams pulled casualties from the rubble, Syrian Civil Defense (April 2018)
  • Civil defense teams pulled casualties from the rubble, Syrian Civil Defense (April 2018)
  • Civil defense teams pulled casualties from the rubble, Syrian Civil Defense (April 2018)
  • Civilians were among the dead, Maamoun al-Khatib (April 2018)
  • Civilians were among the dead, Maamoun al-Khatib (April 2018)
  • There were more than 150 injuries in initial toll, Euphrates Post (April 2018)
  • There were more than 150 injuries in initial toll, Euphrates Post (April 2018)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The first causalities following the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The first causalities following the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The first causalities following the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The first causalities following the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The first causalities following the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The destruction of civilian homes caused by the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The destruction of civilian homes caused by the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The destruction of civilian homes caused by the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The destruction of civilian homes caused by the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The destruction of civilian homes caused by the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The destruction of civilian homes caused by the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The destruction of civilian homes caused by the explosion, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • The Syrian Civil Defense ends the search for civilians under the rubble, Idlib Media Center (April 2018)
  • Sources said they could not identify the type of the explosion or the perpetrator, SN4HR (April 2018)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery, Counter-Terrorism Action (Ground)
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 29
  • (1–7 children12–13 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    50–154
  • Causes of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions, Unknown
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (28) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1723

Incident date

November 29, 2016

Location

حي باب النيرب, Bab al Nairab neighbourhood, Aleppo [seems to be road between bab al Nayrab and Jib al Qibba], Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.1918713, 37.1722841 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In a large-scale civilian casualty incident, referred to as “a massacre”, between 17 and 28 civilians, including multiple families, died in alleged Russian or Assad regime air and/or artillery strikes on Aleppo’s Bab al Nairab, on what looks to be road between bab al Nayrab and Jib al Qibba. Multiple sources said that the strikes hit a large gathering of displaced people who were attempting to move from the city’s eastern to western suburbs on foot.

Almodon was almong many sources blaming the regime. It reported that “the raids targeted a large group of families who were planning to leave for southern neighborhoods and old Aleppo on foot. The Civil Defense said that more than 25 people, including children and women, were killed in the raid.”

@Mamoun_sy put the death toll as high as 28 with 40 more wounded, and also said that the regime was responsible.

The same figures were given by Syria News Desk, though this source attributed the civilian harm to “Russian warplanes targeting [the neighbourhood) with parachute bombs”.

The Syrian Network for Human Rights put the toll at 17 and pointed to Russia, while Enabbaladi blamed “Russian and Syrian planes”.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    17 – 28
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–40
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (21) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (5) [ collapse]

  • Translation: 'More than 150 air raids targeting the neighborhoods of Aleppo # besieged today [Nov 29th]ted in 51 martyrs, half of them in the neighborhood of Bab al-Nairab'
  • Translation: 'Twenty-five people were killed by a bombardment of a gathering of displaced people in Bab al-Neirab neighborhood'
  • Geat destruction and bodies and body parts after a parachute missile hit Jib al Qibba neighbourhood in old Aleppo. Photos by: Abu al Izz al Halabil'
  • Body bags following an alleged Russian strike on Bab Al Nayrab, Nov 29th (via SN4HR)
  • A wounded child following an alleged Russian strike on Bab Al Nayrab, Nov 29th (via SN4HR)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between November 1st – 30th 2016.

On 6 January 2017, Russia, however, reported: “Since November 8, 2016, the aircraft carrier group of the Northern Fleet consisting of the heavy aircraft carrying cruiser Admiral Kuznetsov, the heavy nuclear missile cruiser Pyotr Velikiy, the large ASW ship Severomorsk, as well as auxiliary vessels of the Black Sea Fleet, has been fulfilling counterterrorist missions on the territory of Syria”, adding that ”in the course of two months of their participation in the combat actions, naval aviation pilots have carried out 420 combat sorties, 117 of them were night ones.”

Additionally, Russia reported that its air forces have carried out strikes in Aleppo during November and December 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    17 – 28
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–40
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (21) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS3609

Incident date

March 22, 2019

Location

كفريا والفوعة, Kafriya and Al Fou’a, Idlib, Syria

Airwars assessment

In a major civilian casualty incident, which several sources referred to as a “massacre”, up to 28 civilians died and as many as 30 more were wounded in multiple alleged Russian airstrikes on he town of Kafriya and Al Fou’a in Idlib.

According to Baladi, Russia launched “more than 15 successive airstrikes” on the town and “the surrounding farms with high-explosive missiles”. Other sources said that there had been “dozens” of Russia airstrikes on the town.

A report by Orient said that the strikes “targeted residential neighborhoods, markets and mosques in the town.” Multiple sources published images showing widespread destruction to residential areas.

The lowest death count was given by EdlibEMC1 at nine civilians, though the Syrian Network for Human Rights put the figure at 11 including four children and a woman.

Syria liveuamap and the White Helmets (who worked to remove bodies from the rubble), raised the death toll to 15, noting that 27 more people including 13 children and a woman were wounded.

@abuhuzaifa_ put the death toll still higher, at 20 civilians – with 30 more injured, some critically.”

On March 22nd the Step News Agency reported: “Russian aircraft launched dozens of cluster-bomb air strikes on the towns of Kafriya and Al Fou’a in the northern outskirts of Idlib and a number of towns and villages of the southern countryside of Idlib, killing dozens of civilians.

“The Russian raids on the northern countryside of Idlib focused on the center of the town of Kufria, and the western side of the town of Foa, killing 10 civilians and injuring 28 others as an initial toll in the town of Kfriya.

The death toll from Russia’s 14 raids was likely to rise by 28, due to the presence of two families under the rubble of a building in the town of Kafriya, where the civil defense teams are still working to rescue them.”

Smart noted that “forty-two civilians, including women and children, were killed and wounded” in this event. It went on to quote a doctor,  “Abu Mohammed”, who said that “more than 15 raids targeted the towns of Kufriya and al-Fuha”. He noted that many civilians had moderate injuries, “mostly children and women”.

Mustafa al-Haj Yousif, director of the civil defense in Idlib, noted a death toll of “15 civilians, including four children and two women”, but told Geiroon that these numbers were likely to rise, adding that the critically inured “were transferred to Bab Al-Hawa border hospital and will be referred to Turkish hospitals”.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

50 years old male 'displaced person from al Abbada town in Eastern Ghouta' killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    9 – 28
  • (3–4 children1–2 women1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    20–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (28) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (38) [ collapse]

  • Alleged Russian airstrikes hit Kafriya and Al Fou’a, Idlib, March 22nd 2019 (via Suriye.u.a.d)
  • An alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Step News Agency)
  • An alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Step News Agency)
  • An alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Step News Agency)
  • An alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Step News Agency)
  • An alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Step News Agency)
  • An alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Step News Agency)
  • Smoke rises from Kafriya and Al Fou’a following an alleged Russian airstrike on March 22nd 2019 (via Step)
  • The White Helmets remove a child from the rubble after an alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via SN4HR)
  • Children wounded in an alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Syria liveuamap)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Translation: 'Painful scenes from the #WhiteHelmets search and rescue work as they retrieve the bodies of the victims killed in11 Russian airstrikes in #Kafriya town in #Idlib this evening. 15 civilians were killed and 27 others injured so far. #Syria'
  • An alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Kafriya and Al Fou’a)
  • An alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Kafriya and Al Fou’a)
  • An alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via Kafriya and Al Fou’a)
  • The aftermath of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019. According to Idleb Media Center, there were "dozens" or raids. (via EdlibEMC1)
  • The aftermath of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019. According to Idleb Media Center, there were "dozens" or raids. (via EdlibEMC1)
  • The aftermath of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019. According to Idleb Media Center, there were "dozens" or raids. (via EdlibEMC1)
  • The aftermath of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019. According to Idleb Media Center, there were "dozens" or raids. (via EdlibEMC1)
  • The aftermath of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019. According to Idleb Media Center, there were "dozens" or raids. (via EdlibEMC1)
  • The aftermath of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019. According to Idleb Media Center, there were "dozens" or raids. (via EdlibEMC1)
  • The aftermath of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019. According to Idleb Media Center, there were "dozens" or raids. (via EdlibEMC1)
  • The White Helmets attend the scene of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via White Helmets)
  • Alleged Russian warplanes over Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via White Helmets)
  • The White Helmets attend the scene of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via White Helmets)
  • The White Helmets attend the scene of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via White Helmets)
  • The White Helmets attend the scene of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via White Helmets)
  • The White Helmets attend the scene of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via White Helmets)
  • More images of destruction following the alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 2nd 2019.
  • Ali Wahid Qalla’, killed in an alleged Russian airstrike on Kafriya and Al Fou’a, March 22nd 2019 (via SN4HR)
  • Syria, Kafriya: Doctors perform surgical work for a seriously injured child in a hospital, where 38 people were killed and wounded, including children and women, as a result of raids by Russian warplanes on the town of Kafriya near Idlib in the north of the country. Copyright SMART, published in the public interest.
  • Syria, Kafriya: A child seriously injured and undergoing surgery in a hospital, where 38 people were killed and wounded, including children and women, as a result of raids by Russian warplanes on the town of Kafria near Idlib in the north of the country, Friday, March 22nd, 2019. Caption and image copyright SMART, published in the public interest.
  • Syria, Kafriya: A child injured as a result of raids by Russian warplanes on the town of Kafriya near Idlib in the north of the country, Friday March 22nd, 2019. caption and image copyright SMART, published in the public interest.
  • Syria, Kafriya: A girl injured by Russian military aircraft raids on the town of Kufria near Idlib in the north of the country, Friday, March 22nd, 2019. Caption and image copyright SMART, published in the public interest.
  • Syria, Kafriya: A man with moderate wounds as a result of raids by Russian warplanes on the town of Kafriyanear Idlib in the north of the country, Fridayو March 22nd, 2019. Caption and image copyrights SMART, published in the public interest.
  • Syria, Kafriya: Doctors perform surgical work for a seriously injured child in a hospital, where 38 people were killed and wounded, including children and women, as a result of raids by Russian warplanes on the town of Kafriya near Idlib in the north of the country. Copyright SMART, published in the public interest.
  • Syria, Kafriya : A civilian body is placed inside a bag for bodies as a result of raids by Russian warplanes on the town of Kafriya near Idlib north of the country, Friday March 22nd, 2019. Copyright SMART, published in the public interest.
  • Syrian Civil Defense volunteer rescuing kids wounded in alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafraya in Idlib on March 22nd 2019 (via SCD)
  • Aftermath of alleged Russian airstrikes on Kafraya in Idlib on March 22nd, 2019 (via @abuhuzaifa_)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    9 – 28
  • (3–4 children1–2 women1 man)
  • Civilians reported injured
    20–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (28) [ collapse]

Incident Code

CS172 RS622

Incident date

February 15, 2016

Location

الشدادي, Al-Shadadi, Al-Hasakah, Syria

Geolocation

36.408116, 40.3085589

Airwars assessment

Reported airstrikes by the Coalition or possibly Russia on al Shadadi between midnight and dawn struck a bakery in the city killing at least 15 civilians, according to multiple reports.

Shaam News and the Syrian Network said the civilians died in a Coalition strike as they queued to buy bread at Auto Bakery, although other sources said those killed were bakery staff.

Al A’maq Media (close to Daesh) initially blamed the attack on Russia but later noted: “Correction: a Source to al A’maq: the raids that destroyed the bakery of Shadadi killing 15 of its staff was carried out by international coalition planes, not Russian planes.” The VDC attributes the attack to Russia.

In a lengthy report [in Arabic] on the attack, the Damascus Center later cited eyewitness Nabila um Khaled:We were standing in front of the oven waiting to get the bread, everyone present was a civilian. The day before we didn’t leave the house for fear of bombing from the air… We looked to the sky and saw three or more planes flying in the air, their color almost cyan [light blue]. After less than a minute we started to tell each other that we had to leave the place and run away, because the aircraft were flying at low altitudes. But we did not have time to move. After less than a minute, as I said what we saw was a rocket hit the oven building where people were lined up. Those at the front of the line are the victims who died in the massacre. My sister and I were standing at the back, I was hit by shrapnel, and my sister was left in a serious condition, though she is now improving.”

The Coalition later appeared to confirm it had carried out strikes in the vicinity, saying it had destroyed ‘an ISIL building’ near Al Hassakah. Heavy airstrikes had been recorded in the town in preceding days, given an imminent ground assault to recapture Al Shadadi from Daesh. In contrast, Russia did not publicly report carrying out airstrikes in Al Hassakah governorate.

The Daily Beast later reported that “U.S. Central Command, which leads the U.S. military in the Middle East, is investigating the latest allegations of civilian deaths to determine if they are credible and conduct a proper military investigation, Lt. Gen. Charles Q. Brown Jr., commander, U.S. Air Forces Central Command, told Pentagon reporters during a briefing Thursday….Brown said he could not say whether the coalition was conducting strikes at the same time residents were alleged to have come under attack, but he noted that coalition forces “have been striking that area for the past several days.”’

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed
Age unknown male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    14 – 28
  • (4 children1 woman8 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Russian Military

Sources (25) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (4) [ collapse]

  • Kahtan Al A’lawi Al Sleiman (via Hassakah Youth Movement)
  • Taha Ajaj and Louai Jazzar (via Hassakah Youth Movement)
  • A photo published by activists of the martyr Ala’a Hussein Al Dakheel (via Hassaka’s Youth Union)

US-led Coalition Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    US-led Coalition
  • US-led Coalition position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

US-led Coalition

For February 15th-16th 2016, the Coalition reports that “Near Al Hasakah, two strikes struck two separate ISIL tactical units and destroyed an ISIL building.”

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    14 – 28
  • (4 children1 woman8 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    US-led Coalition, Russian Military

Sources (25) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1237

Incident date

September 7, 2016

Location

حي السكري, Sukkari (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.17594, 37.14111 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

As many as 28 civilians died and up to 57 more were wounded in airstrikes on the Sukkari neighbourhood in Aleppo, according to local media – though sources were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were responsible.

Sources reported three or four raids, with the lowest civilian death toll given as 12 by Ara news.

Syria News Desk reported that “20 civilians were killed, including five children, and more than 15 others were wounded due to the Russian warplanes targeting the popular vegetable market and residential buildings in the central neighborhood of al Sukkari with two rockets. Abu Mohammed al-Halabi of Syria News Desk said that buildings collapsed on top of their occupants”.

Smart was among many sources attributing the event to Moscow. It reported that as well as the strike on the vegetable market, there was shelling “near Al-Ikhlas mosque”. It put the death toll as 28 civilians including 17 women and children with a further 49 people injured.

Elwatan also said 28 died but added that as many as 57 were also wounded.

According to LCCSY, also blaming Russia, most of those killed and wounded were women and children – victims of “two vacuum missile attacks on the residential houses”.

However, Zamanalwasl, AMC and Alitihadpress said that the regime was responsible.

A number of other sources didn’t apportion blame, referring only to “warplanes”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Khalil Abdul-Ghani Kazaz
40 years old killed
Jamil Mohammed Sa’eed
52 years old killed
Hussein Mahmood Al-Jasim
12 years old killed
Ahmad Salem Ashrafi
23 years old killed
Ahmad Bader Aldeen Banshi
18 years old male killed
Ali Al-shaghel
Age unknown killed
Mahmood Mahmood
Age unknown male killed
Unidentified child
2 years old killed
Murjan
7 years old killed
Abdo Abdallah Rahhal
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 28
  • (5 children3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–57
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (39) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (17) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The White Helmets rescue mission in Sukkari, Aleppo. Footage contains distressing and graphic material of both wounded and killed civilians (Youtube via Insaan Rights Watch)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian covered in blood in Sukkari, the human impact of alleged Russian warplane shelling (via Smart)
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    A street scene in Sukkari following alleged Russian warplane shelling. Local people stand over the bodies of victims and blood covers the street (via Zamanalwasl)
  • The White Helmets alongside local people in Sukkari - upheaval caused by suspected Russian shelling (via Baladi)
  • Civilians survey the destruction on a street in Sukkari, Aleppo, full of rubble following suspected Russian shelling (via Syrianpc)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Distressed civilians in Sukkari - bodies of victims on stretchers and trees fallen, the impact of alleged Regime warplane shelling (via Alitihadpress)
  • The search for wounded civilians continued into the night in Sukkari (Tweet via @HalabNewsN)
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    One of the children who survived the suspected warplane shelling on Sukkari (Tweet via @HalabTodayTV)
  • Buildings burn in Sukkari, the consequences of alleged warplane shelling (Tweet via @aa_arabic)
  • A child civilian cleaned and treated for wounds sustained in alleged Russian shelling on Sukkari (Tweet via @AleppoAMC)
  • The destroyed streets of Sukkari, Aleppo. The aftermath of suspected Russian warplane shelling (via HNN Facebook) [Page no longer available - accessed via Airwars archive]
  • Local people survey the scene in Sukkari - mass material destruction and civilian cost, the impact of suspected Russian shelling (via HNN Facebook) [Page no longer available accessed via Airwars archive]
  • Russian warplanes allegedly struck Sukkari - the photograph shows significant damage to buildings in addition to the human cost (via HNN Facebook) [Page no longer available - accessed via Airwars archive]
  • Significant material destruction in Sukkari, Aleppo (via HNN Facebook) [Page no longer available - accessed via Airwars archive]
  • Small children treated by medics in Sukkari for injuried sustained in alleged Russian warplane shelling (via AMC)
  • Two young children weep in the streets of Sukkari, their father was killed by alleged Russian warplanes (Youtube via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Distressing footage of children wounded and crying whilst receiving medical treatment in Sukkari (Youtube via AMC)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between September 1st – 30th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 28
  • (5 children3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    15–57
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (39) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1162

Incident date

August 17, 2016

Location

إدلب, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.93130, 36.630222 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Fifteen named civilians were among those killed in multiple airstrikes on Idlib, local media reported. Sources were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Assad regime were responsible – though the event was referred to as a “horrific massacre” in several reports. Dozens more civilians were said to have been wounded.

A popular market, “the ball rotor area of the city” and the area near the National Hospital were reportedly struck.

Death counts varied, from 15 (Aa) to 27 civilians (Mada). These sources blamed Russia.

However, Step and Syria News Desk attributed the event to the regime. According to Syria News Desk, “twenty-three civilians died and more than 30 others were wounded – many seriously – in regime military action. There were three raids with rockets and cluster bombs, striking residential buildings near the hospital clinics and other areas”.

Syria Press Center added that many civilian homes were destroyed.

A number of sources didn’t identify the culprit. The highest death toll was given by Zaitonmag, at 28.

Hi Idlib named 12 civilian fatalities, ‘Plus five unknown martyrs’

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

33 years old killed
30 years old killed
3 years old

The victims were named as:

4 years old killed
20 years old killed
60 years old killed
13 years old killed
17 years old killed
33 years old killed
40 years old killed
13 years old killed
20 years old killed
45 years old killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    20 – 28
  • (5 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (20) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (14) [ collapse]

  • Zakaria Bhro, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian Regime raid. (via, Hi Idlib)
  • Muhammad Wajih Nassan, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian Regime raid. (via, Hi Idlib)
  • Salim Naas, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian Regime raid. (via, Hi Idlib)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A body is pulled from the rubble by the White Helmets following an alleged raid. Syrian civil defense in Idlib)
  • The aftermath of the incident including interviews with local civilians. (via, Maaz al-shami)
  • Damage caused to local shops. (via, Baladi)
  • The aftermath of the alleged raid. (via, SyrianPC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The White Helmets carry an injured child to an ambulance. (via, Alkhabar_Agency)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The White Helmets carry an injured child to an ambulance. (via, Alkhabar_Agency)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The rescue of wounded civilians. (via, shababRevolution)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian casualty is dragged from the rubble. (via, shababRevolution)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured civilian is dragged from the rubble following an alleged raid on Idlib. (via, JisirTV)
  • The aftermath of the alleged raid. (via, Mada News)

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the globe roundabout, the area near the National Hospital and the vegetable market being struck. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further. The generic coordinates of the roundabout are 35.93130, 36.630222.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

On August 17th 2016, the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation reported that, "Russian bombers Su-34 took off from Hamedan airbase (Islamic Republic of Iran) with full fragmentation bomb charge and made an airstrike on ISIS terrorist facilities in the Deir ez-Zor province. As a result, 2 command centres and large ISIS field training camps near the Deir ez-Zor city were destroyed, over 150 militants (with foreign mercenaries among them) were eliminated."

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    20 – 28
  • (5 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (20) [ collapse]