Israel and Gaza 2023

Israel and Gaza 2023

Satellite imagery, screenshot from Google Earth, October 2023

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Incident Code

ISPT0355

Incident date

October 18, 2023

Location

بربخ, Barbakh, Khan Younis, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.341471, 34.310318 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On Wednesday, October 18th 2023, a young man was reportedly killed during an alleged Israeli bombing in the Barbakh neighborhood in Khan Yunis, in the central Gaza Strip.

It was reported that Mahmoud Jamal Abu Zarifa, also known as Abu Jamal, was killed as a result of the strike. Journalist Mouthanna Al-Najjae posted that he was a media student and others added that he held a doctorate.

Mahmoud’s brother-in-law, Layth Ibrahim, expressed his sadness at Mahmoud’s death and wished strength and patience for his sister Janan Ibrahim, Mahmoud’s wife.

Many friends and family members posted heartfelt tributes to Mahmoud and mourned his death. Maha Bsael Abu Zarifa posted on Facebook describing Mahmoud Jamal as cheerful, helpful and humble. Ibrahim Albreem described Mahmoud as beloved and friendly and Emad M. A Alfarra described him as chivalrous and generous.

Mohammed Abudagga Abukenan described the young man as kind and creative and reported that he would often provide people with humanitarian aid, though sought no credit for these actions.

Mohammed also wrote in this post “Since yesterday, I have been thinking about what to write about it but until now I couldn’t because all the talk wouldn’t do you justice, my friend.”

Pictures posted by friends and family members showed a smartly dressed Mahmoud in academic robes and another of him on a beach with a friend.

In the context of reporting in the Gaza Strip, Airwars has found that explicit attribution to Israeli forces is rare and instead is assumed by sources given the intensity of bombardment. Airwars has matched the name of the civilian killed with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023, which explicitly mentions that names on the list are “victims of the Israeli aggression on the Gaza Strip”. Therefore the strike status has been graded as a single source claim. Incidents will be updated to reflect alternative attribution should that come to light at a later stage.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Mahmoud Jamal Abu Zarifa محمود جمال ابو ظريفة
29 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 411919533

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (8) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ghada Mahmoud

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Layth Ibrahim

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ahmed Mahmoud

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohammed Abudagga Abukenan

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohammed Abudagga Abukenan

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    Source: Anan Abu Halil

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Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the neighbourhood of Barbakh (بربخ) to the west of Khan Younis (خانيونس). Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further. The generic coordinates for Barbakh are: 31.341471, 34.310318.

{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","properties":{"stroke":"#ff0000","stroke-width":1,"stroke-opacity":1,"fill-opacity":0},"geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[34.3084681,31.3408458],[34.3104744,31.3429716],[34.3120408,31.3418354],[34.3098521,31.3398927],[34.3084681,31.3408458]]]}}]}

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1
  • (1 man)
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0317

Incident date

October 18, 2023

Location

محيط بنك الإنتاج, Vicinity of the Production Bank, Gaza City, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.512599, 34.453029 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Around 2:29 AM on Wednesday, October 18th 2023, at least 21 civilians, members of the Sakeek family, including at least ten children and six women, were reportedly killed and a number of others were wounded in an alleged Israeli airstrike on their home on Omar al-Mukhtar Street, opposite the production bank in Gaza City, Gaza Strip.

Initial reportage from Shehab Agency, al-Mayadeen, Nabd and PaltodayTV stated that there were “martyrs and wounded” as a result of the alleged bombing, with al Aqsa Voice stating that there were a “number of casualties.”

Videos shared on social media showed ambulances and rescue workers rushing to the site of the bombing in darkness, with another source sharing a video of the rubble and destruction in the aftermath of the reported strike. A neighbor and relative of the Sakeek family stated that they were consoling their “neighbor, brother and friend Abdul Rahman Sakeek” after most of their family members were martyred in the bombing that allegedly occurred “while they were sleeping.”

A family relative Mohammed Saleem Skaik shared on Facebook the images of numerous bodies of the victims wrapped in shrouds and placed in the back of a van and later in a ditch on the ground and wrote that more than 25 members of his family were killed: “God granted martyrdom to the cousins of my family last night in a barbaric bombing, where more than 25 of them were martyred. Scenes that cannot be described and cannot be abandoned, but our only consolation is that they are in a paradise as wide as the heavens and the earth.”

Surviving members of the family posted the names of 21 people killed in the bombing, with user Abu Jalal sharing an image of a middle-aged bearded man and stating that “Amjad Sakeek and his entire family were martyrs.”

A family grandfather Hajj Muhy al-Din Abdel Rahman Muhy al-Din Sakeek (Abu al-Abd) (78) was killed alongside his sons Hajj Amjad Muhy al-Din Abdel Rahman Sakeek (42) and Muhammad Muhiddeen Abdel Rahman Sakeek (33), his daughter-in-law (wife of Amjad) Iman Gamal Abd al-Qadir Sakeek (40) and Amjad and Iman’s children Muhiddeen Amjad Muhiddeen Sakeek (13) and Mena Amjad Muhiddeen Sakeek (15).

The deadly attack also killed Muhammad’s wife Dina Alaa Ibrahim Sakeek (32) along with Dina and Muhammad’s children Ali Muhammad Muheisen Sakeek (6) and Tala Muhammad Muheisen Sakeek (4).

Among the killed victims were also a daughter-in-law of Abu al-Abd Inas Ramzi Muhammad Sakeek (37) married to his son Saad, with their four children – Ayyam Saadallah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek (13), Karam Saadallah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek (11), Bahaa Al-Din Saadallah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek (17), and Kareem Saadallah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek (11).

Within the related family, Hajj Baha’al-Din Abdel Rahman Muhayyis Sakeek (Abu Saad) (72) was killed alongside his wife Wissam Muhammad Khaleel Sakeek (61), their daughter Noor Bahaa al-Din Abdel Rahman Sakeek (38), their son Abdullah Bahaa al-Din Abdel Rahman Sakeek (Abu Omar) (34), Abdullah’s wife Dana Hashem Saadi Sakeek (30), as well as Abdullah and Dana’s children – their son Anas Abdullah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek (1) and their daughter Joan Abdullah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek (6).

Social media user Abu Mohammad shared an image of Baha’al-Din Sakeek (Abu Saad) – an elderly, clean-shaven man standing at a religious lectern – and revealed that he was the Muezzin for their mosque.

Colleagues of Abu Mohammad’s son Abdullah Sakeek (Abu Omar) mourned his death, sharing that he was the financial auditor of the Qawafil Al-Khair Association, and posted a video of him, a smiling, cheerful middle-aged man. A friend of the late Abdullah Mahmoud AliHasan posted on Facebook his last conversation with him and wrote that Abdullah was “a boy in whom all types of goodness were combined.” His wife Dana and their children were remembered in a Facebook tribute by Mariam Ghaith who mourned their death “as a result of the bombing of their house in Gaza at dawn.”

Other images of the victims shared included elderly men and young boys, with user Hasen posting an image of Abu Omar Sakeek Shahid – a smiling, bearded man – with the caption Goodbye, my dear heart…May God have mercy on you and accept you, my beloved.”

All names have been matched with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023.

Where sources identified the belligerents all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured at approximately 2:29 am local time.

The victims were named as:

Family members (21)

Hajj Muhy al-Din Abdel Rahman Muhy al-Din Sakeek (Abu al-Abd) محي الدين عبد الرحمن سكيك
78 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 930950431
Hajj Amjad Muhy al-Din Abdel Rahman Sakeek أمجد محي الدين سكيك
42 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 906760764
Muhammad Muhiddeen Abdel Rahman Sakeek محمد محي الدين سكيك
33 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 802502542
Iman Gamal Abd al-Qadir Sakeek إيمان سكيك أبو النور
40 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 800049520
Muhiddeen Amjad Muhiddeen Sakeek محي الدين أمجد سكيك
13 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 429924400
Mena Amjad Muhiddeen Sakeek منة محي الدين أمجد سكيك
15 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 426335873
Dina Alaa Ibrahim Sakeek دينا سكيك أبو شعبان
32 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 803274729
Ali Muhammad Muheisen Sakeek علي محمد سكيك
6 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 438280240
Tala Muhammad Muheisen Sakeek تالا محمد سكيك
4 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 441039146
Inas Ramzi Muhammad Sakeek إيناس سكيك
37 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 801501909
Ayyam Saadallah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek أيهم سعد سكيك
13 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 429724644
Karam Saadallah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek كرم سعد سكيك
11 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 433194438
Kareem Saadallah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek كريم سعد سكيك
11 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 433194453
Bahaa Al-Din Saadallah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek بهاء سعد سكيك
17 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 424139061
Hajj Baha'al-Din Abdel Rahman Muhayyis Sakeek (Abu Saad) بهاء الدين عبد الرحمن سكيك
72 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 930950456
Wissam Muhammad Khaleel Sakeek وسام سكيك حسن
61 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 910970680
Noor Bahaa al-Din Abdel Rahman Sakeek نور بهاء الدين سكيك
38 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 800560518
Abdullah Bahaa al-Din Abdel Rahman Sakeek (Abu Omar) عبد الله بهاء الدين سكيك
34 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 802427831
Dana Hashem Saadi Sakeek دانا سكيك الشوا
30 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 804465292
Anas Abdullah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek أنس عبد الله سكيك
1 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 444888234
Joan Abdullah Bahaa Al-Din Sakeek جوان عبد الله سكيك
6 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 438327900

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    21 – 26
  • (10 children6 women5 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (26) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (22) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @Mansorryaan

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Aelam

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Aelam

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Aelam

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mahmud

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Hasen

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Maiam

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohammad

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohey

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shahin

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shahin

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shahin

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shahin

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shahin

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Shahin

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Familyskaik

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abu jalal

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Jamal

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abu mohammad

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the vicinity of the Production Bank (بنك الإنتاج) to the west of Gaza city (غزة), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.512599, 34.453029. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    21 – 26
  • (10 children6 women5 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (26) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0357

Incident date

October 18, 2023

Location

ممنزل لعائلة "أبو مخدة" في دير البلح بالمحافظة الوسطى, the “Abu Makhda” family in Deir al-Balah neighbourhood, Deir al-Balah, the Gaza Strip

Airwars assessment

On Wednesday October 18th 2023, at least eight civilians were killed, 22 injured and 18 reported to be missing under the rubble, when an alleged Israeli airstrike hit the Abu Makhda family home in Deir al-Balah neighbourhood in the Central Governorate, in the Gaza Strip.

Deir Al Balah Now posted on Facebook the names of five of the victims, which were corroborated by the casualty list produced by the Palestinian Ministry of Health in Gaza: 48-year old Najat al-Hawl, her husband 52-year old Dr. Salem Abu Makhda, their two sons 27-year old Anas Salem Abu Makhda and 22-year old Muhammad Salem Abu Makhda, and their daughter 17-year old Islam Salem Abu Makhda. Anas and Muhammad have not been counted as civilians due to an allegation they may have been militants (see below), though this was unconfirmed. This will be updated in event of additional information.

A post from Facebook user Sameh Hakim referred to the death of his aunt, Imtathal Ahmed Abu Makhda, along with the death of Dr. Salem and his family.

There were expressions of grief from the victims’ personal and academic communities, especially for Dr. Salem Abu Makhda, a professor in the Faculty of Sharia and Law at the Islamic University of Gaza and the Deputy Dean of the faculty who taught and supervised Master’s degree students. Salem Makhda was also described as the “deputy” to the Dean of the college, Dr. Tayseer Ibrahim. Ibrahim was the head of the judiciary in Gaza, which was under the control of the Hamas militant organisation. He was killed on October 12th, 2023 (ISPT0169) in an alleged Israeli strike.

A student of Salem Akhda, Abo Esmet Hasaneen, shared a Facebook post in which he lamented the loss of his “forensic supervisor in [his] master’s degree.” An accompanying picture shows the two in academic regalia. Dr. Salem Abu Makhda was described as a “pillar of the Faculty of Sharia and Law at the Islamic University” by another one of his students Mohammed El Madhoun in a Facebook post. El Madhoun wrote: “(…) he was the best doctor, friend, and close to the heart, and he did not spare our day with his knowledge and good character. May God accept him.”

Amr Abu Qsim further expressed his pain of losing his brother, posting pictures of Dr Salem Abu Makhd and his two sons, smiling proudly, in what appears to be a classroom.

Maher Hawali also expressed his grief for their sister Najat Hamid Al-Houli (Umm Osama)’s death, describing her as “my dear, caring, loyal, truthful, chaste, and pure sister, the educator of the memorizers and memorizers of the Qur’an” along with her husband, who was described as a “distinguished scholar, jurist, writer, and virtuous preacher and educator.” Their children Anas Salem Abu Makhda, Muhammad Salem Abu Makhda and Islam Salem Abu Makhda were described as those “who memorises the Book of God.” While both Anas and Muhammad were described as “mujahid” in the obituary – a phrase commonly used for Palestinian militants – it is unclear whether this expression referred to their potential combatant status. There were no other references to the brothers as fighters.

Jinan University in Lebanon also expressed its condolences for the family and academic colleagues of Dr. Salem Abu Makhda and his family.

Multiple news outlets, including journalist Abdul Rahman al-Ebadale, reported ten civilians dead, 22 injured and a further 18 Palestinians missing under the rubble, with ambulances and civil defence crews attempting to access the injured. Journalist Ahmad Qudeih put the number of killed at 12. Due to the possibility that two of the deceased were militants, the minimum civilian deaths has been recorded as eight.

Nadia Chedli Ben Rhaiem posted four pictures to Facebook depicting the aftermath of the airstrike, including a picture of four men carrying an injured person in a white sheet and a photo of a man throwing water on a collapsed building to extenuate the flames.

In parallel, the Interior Ministry in Gaza and the Embassy of the State of Palestine in Tajikistan corroborated this version of events in a Twitter/X post, the latter sharing a video depicting the scenes of chaos shortly after the airstrike. The video shows the collapsed building and the street covered in debris and thick dust, while men attempt to remove people from the rubble. While one person is shown carried in a white body bag, two others – a man and child – were transported by stretcher or carried. It is unclear whether they are deceased or severely injured.

A Facebook post from Um Mohammed identified the location of the Abu Makhada family home as in the Bishara neighborhood in Deir al-Balah.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces.

Where possibly, names have been matched with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of fatalities in Gaza released on October 26th, 2023.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (4)

Salem Abu Makhda سالم أبو مخدة
57 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 911570505
Najat Al-Hawli Abu Makhda نجاة الحولي ابو مخدة
48 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 900949512
Islam Salem Abu Makhda اسلام سالم ابو مخدة
17 years old female killed Matched to MoH ID 424352284
Imtathal Ahmed Abu Makhda إمتثال أحمد أبو مخدة
Adult female killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    8 – 12
  • (1 child2 women1–3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    22
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military
  • Belligerents reported killed
    0–2

Sources (35) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (27) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rakan Aladamat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rakan Aladamat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rakan Aladamat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rakan Aladamat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rakan Aladamat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rakan Aladamat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rakan Aladamat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rakan Aladamat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rakan Aladamat

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nadia Chedli Ben Rhaiem

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nadia Chedli Ben Rhaiem

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nadia Chedli Ben Rhaiem

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nadia Chedli Ben Rhaiem

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @freedom19905151

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Abo esmet hasaneen

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rami Mazyed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rami Mazyed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohammed El Madhoun

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Maryam Mohammad Al-Astal

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Amr Abu Qsim

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Amr Abu Qsim

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Jinan Universty

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Khaled khatab

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Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    8 – 12
  • (1 child2 women1–3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    22
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military
  • Belligerents reported killed
    0–2

Sources (35) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0319

Incident date

October 18, 2023

Location

عمارة الننام, Al Namnam building, Deir al Balah, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.449032, 34.391112 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

An apartment belonging to Abu Rukba family located on the fifth floor of the five-storey Al-Namnam building on Faraj Allah Street in Al-Nuseirat Camp, Gaza Strip, was hit by an alleged strike around 10 PM on Wednesday, 18 October 2023, reportedly killing up to two civilians, including a 14-year-old child, and injuring two civilians. Photos on social media showed a building collapsed into a pile of rubble.

Shehab News Agency and Al-Mayadeen reported a bombing of the building and the death of a child whose body was delivered to Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital. A Twitter/X user @YouthGoDigital shared an image showing the transportation of the child’s body in an ambulance. He also reported about the two civilians killed in the strike along with a Facebook user Haithem Abu Moaz.

According to the Twitter/X user @_Ahmad_mazen, there were two burn injuries resulting from the explosion following the attack.

None of the sources attributed the attack to any specific belligerent, therefore Airwars classifed Strike Status as Contested and Civilian Harm Status as Contested until more information comes to light.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured at approximately 10:00 pm local time.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Israeli Military, Palestinian Militants

Sources (22) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (3) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @YouthGoDigital

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Rbab

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention an alleged strike on the al Namnam building (عمارة الننام) in Nuseirat camp (مخيم النصيرات), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.449032, 34.391112. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Palestinian Militants Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Palestinian Militants
  • Palestinian Militants position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Contested strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike and/or Artillery
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    1 – 2
  • (1 child)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Israeli Military, Palestinian Militants

Sources (22) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0358

Incident date

October 18, 2023

Location

العلمي, al Alami neighbourhood, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.537166, 34.500485 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Exact location (via Airwars) level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On the afternoon of Wednesday, October 18th 2023, several children were reportedly killed and injured when an alleged Israeli airstrike hit the Hammad family home in the Al-Alami neighborhood in the Jabalia camp, in the north of the Gaza Strip. The precise number of victims remains unknown and the victims have not yet been identified.

On October 18th 2023, the Information Office of the Palestinian Ministry of the Interior and National Security reported on X/Twitter that the Hamad family home had been destroyed and a number of children had been killed in an incident that afternoon.

Many sources reported this incident including the Palestinian news agency Safa and the Palestinian Ministry of the Interior. Almost all sources repeated the same quote from the original post by the Palestinian Ministry of the Interior, with the exception of Al-Weeaam News Agency which used different language when it reported the incident on its website. In line with Airwars methodology, the civilian harm status of this incident has been assessed to be “Fair” because more than one source reported the incident with sufficiently different information. Three sources, Abdulrahman al Abaldeh, the Palestinian Ministry of the Interior and the Palestinian Information Centre posted multiple different photos of the incident on Facebook and X/Twitter.

Several news outlets and journalists shared images depicting Emergency Medical Services pulling up severely injured children from beneath the rubble. One image depicted the acute infrastructural damage caused by the attack, which completely collapsed the multi story building.

@aa_arabic shared a video on X/Twitter of Emergency Medical teams rushing dust covered children from an ambulance into a crowded hospital to receive treatment. The comment read “A new massacre in #Khan Yunis against the Hammad family, the majority of whom are children”. This source may not have referred to this incident as it described the incident taking place in Khan Yunis, which is a city in the southern Gaza Strip.

All sources reference “a number” of people were killed, “a majority” of whom were children; but the precise number is unclear. Images of the incident posted on X/Twitter and Facebook by Abdulrahman al Abaldeh, the Palestinian Ministry of the Interior and the Palestinian Information Centre show at least three different children who had been harmed.

Both the Palestinian Ministry of the Interior and Al-Waaeem news agency reported that the incident was caused by an Israeli Military aircraft.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured in the afternoon.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • (1–2 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (9) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @PalinfoAr

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @PalinfoAr

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @PalinfoAr

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: @PalinfoAr

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Ministry of Interior

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Ministry of Interior

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Palestinian Ministry of Interior

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Journalist Abdulrahman al abaldeh

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes (2) [ collapse]

Reports of the incident mention the al Alami neighborhood (العلمي) in Jabalia (جباليا). Analysing audio-visual material from sources, we have narrowed the location down to the following exact coordinates: 31.537166, 34.500485.

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  • Imagery:
    @PalinfoAr

  • Imagery:
    @PalinfoAr

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2 – 3
  • (1–2 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    3
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (15) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0336

Incident date

October 18, 2023

Location

شارع الثلاثيني, al Thalatheni Street, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.512923, 34.444469 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Street level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On Wednesday, October 18th 2023, an unknown number of civilians were killed and wounded in an alleged Israeli airstrike on a house near al-Hayek on al-Thalatheni street in central Gaza City.

Shehab Agency and Amad news reported on the strike, stating that there were a “number of martyrs and wounded” as a result of the bombing, with sources on social media echoing the same. Sources did not specify the exact number or details of civilians killed or wounded. In line with our methodology, Airwars has put the casualty range to at least two civilians killed and wounded, and will update this incident should more information come to light.

Only one unique source attributed the strike to Israeli forces, therefore Airwars has categorized the strike status as a single source claim.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention al Thalatheni Street (شارع الثلاثيني) to the west of Gaza city (غزة), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.512923, 34.444469. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

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Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Single source claim
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    2
  • Civilians reported injured
    2
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (3) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0320

Incident date

October 18, 2023

Location

جوار مدرسة أحمد عبد العزيز, Vicinity of Ahmed Abdul Aziz School, Khan Younis, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.339303, 34.306151 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In the evening of Wednesday, October 18th 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike on a yard outside the Ahmed Abdul Aziz School funded by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) and located in the al-Hawoz area of the Khan Younis Camp, near the Nasser Hospital, killed at least five civilians, including two children and three men, and reportedly injured at least 40 people. The school hosted displaced civilians from Northern Gaza.

The death toll may be significantly higher than five civilians as Masrawy news wrote about “dozens of martyrs and wounded”. A correspondent of Al Ghad TV reported about 40 injured people, while a post from Alhadath Palestine identified 60 injuries.

Al Arabiya correspondent reported that civil protection crews were heading to the school. After the bombardment, social media users, including @hamdibokari on Twitter/X and Al-Sharq Palestine on Facebook, shared videos documenting wounded children being transported to an ambulance and arriving at the hospital, though further details about the remaining victims and their current conditions were not available.

The attack killed children of a man named Ali Al-Qara; his 15-year old daughter Najla Ali Muhammad Al-Qara and 5-year old son Zein Ali Muhammad Al-Qara. According to Majeddiyab Facebook post, they were originally from the town of Khuza’a and were displaced to the Ahmed Abdul Aziz school. Their father Ali Al-Qara wrote a heartfelt testimony on Facebook mourning the loss of his children. He also shared an image of Zein – a young boy in a t-shirt and yellow jacket.

Najla Al-Qara was known for her high school success  –  Anwaa Alrhel wrote about her achievements in a Facebook tribute and shared an image of a girl holding a certificate in her hands surrounded by her teachers or relatives.

According to the social media tributes, among the victims of the attack were also three men –  Ali Muhammad Suleiman Abu Rizq, Hisham Abu Rida, and Ahmed Al-Ghouti.  According to the Twitter/X post by @KareemQaddura, Hisham and Ahmed were also displaced from Northern Gaza while Hani Abu Mustafa identified Ali Muhammad as a school teacher.

The deaths of Ali Muhammad Suleiman Abu Rizq and Ahmed Al-Ghouti were mourned in many Facebook posts. A Facebook post by user Ali said “We count you among the martyrs before God. Beloved friend Ali Muhammad Abu Rizq”. From the attached image the late Ali Abu Rizq is seen as a middle-aged bearded man in a black t-shirt. A Facebook post by user Wesam featured an image of the dead body of Ali Muhammad wrapped in a white cloth stained with blood. Ahmed Al-Ghouti’s cousin Saaed shared an image of a young Ahmed Al-Ghouti where he was standing near a red car.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strikes to Israeli forces. The exact time of the strike is unknown.

Airwars matched all the named victims with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of nearly 7000 victims’ names and ID numbers released on October 26th.

 

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The incident occured in the evening.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Najla Ali Muhammad Al-Qara نجلاء علي محمد القرا
15 years old female daughter of Ali Al-Qara killed Matched to MoH ID 426116406
Zein Ali Muhammad Al-Qara زين علي محمد القرا
5 years old male son of Ali Al-Qara killed Matched to MoH ID 440745321

The victims were named as:

Ali Muhammad Suleiman Abu Rizq علي محمد سليمان أبو رزق
36 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 801732413
Hisham Abu Rida هشام أبو ريده
19 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 409735438
Ahmed Al-Ghouti أحمد الغوطي
28 years old male killed Matched to MoH ID 403275738

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, School, UN facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 24
  • (2 children3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    40–60
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Impact
    Education
    Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (44) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (27) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ali

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Wesam

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Wesam

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Beso86press

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Beso86press

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Al-Sharq Palestine

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Al-Sharq Palestine

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Al-Sharq Palestine

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Saeed Al-Ghouti

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Mohamed Ahmed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Hani Abu Mustafa

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Belal M. Alfaqawi

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Belal M. Alfaqawi

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Anwaa Al-Rahil

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ali Hassan Kullab

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Nana Mohammed

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Source: Ali Al-Qara Abu Omar

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the vicinity of Ahmed Abdul Aziz School (مدرسة أحمد عبد العزيز) to the west of Khan Younis (خان يونس), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.339303, 34.306151. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    IDP or refugee camp, School, UN facility
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 24
  • (2 children3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    40–60
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Impact
    Education
    Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (44) [ collapse]

Incident Code

ISPT0359

Incident date

October 18, 2023

Location

محيط مسجد الصادقين, Vicinity of al Sadiqin Mosque, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Geolocation

31.518217, 34.489285 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Nearby landmark level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

On 18 October 2023, 11 people were killed and 13 people were injured when an alleged Israeli airstrike hit the home of the Al-Harazin family on Al-Sikka Street, near Al-Sadiqin Mosque in Al-Zaytoun neighbourhood, east of Gaza City.

The attack was reported by Palinfo on Twitter/X, via a post stating that a warplane had bombed the home causing deaths and multiple injuries. A post from Facebook user Nedal Nayef claimed that 13 people had been injured. More details on the exact location and victims of the attack were posted via family and friends on Facebook.

Nephews, friends and other family members of the Al-Harazin family posted on social media mourning the loss of 11 people in the attack. Riyad Muhammad al-Harazin and his wife, referred to only as Umm Muhammad, were killed in the attack on their home, alongside their daughter Najma Riad al-Harazin, and two sons Abdul Hadi Riyad al-Harazin and Muhammad Riyad al-Harazin. Abdul’s daughter Sadan Abboud al-Harazin died alongside her father, while Muhammad’s wife Fidaa Khaled al-Harazin and their son Abdul Rahman Muhammad al-Harazin were also reportedly killed in the airstrike. Riyad’s granddaughter was also allegedly killed in the attack but was not named. Anwar Shuwaikh al-Harazin and her daughter (unnamed) were also reported amongst those killed by the alleged Israeli airstrike on the home. Esraa al-Hazareen took to Facebook to lament those still believed under rubble: “My uncle’s wife and daughter Najma are still under the rubble. Their bodies have not been found.”

User @az_za98 posted on Twitter/X, claiming that two people were rescued from the rubble of the home but it is unclear from the tweet if they survived the attack or not. Based on posts from various family members on Facebook, as many as four children may have been killed in this attack, although the exact ages of those killed are unclear.

The house was left in pieces, with nephew Mohammad Ramy posting on Facebook that it had been “completely blown up.” The family, he said, was “in crisis.”

Airwars was not able to match any of the names of victims with the Palestinian Ministry of Health list of nearly 7000 victims’ names, age and ID numbers released on October 26th.

Where sources identified the belligerent, all sources attributed the strike to the Israeli military.

Due to the scale and urgency of Airwars’ assessment process, all images have been automatically uploaded to each assessment with the graphic filter applied to protect users. We have also included all images identified from the sources, which may also include any imagery of combatants.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (11)

Riyad Muhammad Al-Harazin رياض محمد الحرازين
Adult male killed
Wife of Riyad زوجة رياض
Adult female killed
Najma Riad Al-Harazin نجمة رياض الحرازين
Adult female killed
Abdul Hadi Riyad Al-Harazin عبد الهادي رياض الحرازين
Adult male killed
Sadan Abboud Al-Harazin سدن عبود الحرازين
Child female killed
Muhammad Riyad Al-Harazin محمد رياض الحرازين
Adult male killed
Fidaa Khaled Al-Harazin فداء خالد الحرازين
Adult female killed
Abdul Rahman Muhammad Al-Harazin عبد الرحمن محمد الحرازين
Child male killed
Anwar Shuwaikh Al-Harazin أنوار شويخ الحرازين
Adult female killed
Daughter of Anwar ابنة أنوار
Child female killed
Granddaughter of Riyad حفيدة رياض
Child female killed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    11
  • (4 children4 women3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    13
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]

Geolocation notes

Reports of the incident mention the vicinity of al Sadiqin Mosque (مسجد الصادقين) to the north of Gaza city (غزة), for which the generic coordinates are: 31.518217, 34.489285. Due to limited satellite imagery and information available to Airwars, we were unable to verify the location further.

Israeli Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Israeli Military
  • Israeli Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Strike status
    Likely strike
  • Strike type
    Airstrike
  • Civilian infrastructure
    Residential building
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    11
  • (4 children4 women3 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    13
  • Cause of injury / death
    Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Israeli Military

Sources (13) [ collapse]