Russian Military in Syria

A Russian combat aircraft at Khmeimim airbase in Syria being prepared for action. (Russian Ministry of Defence)

Belligerent
Russian Military
Country
Syria
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident Code

RS2593

Incident date

October 4, 2017

Location

معبر هجين المائي, water crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Geolocation

34.6897222, 40.83 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In what has been described as a “massacre”, between 12 and 54 civilians were killed, and up to 80 more were seriously wounded, in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on a water crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town. Most sources blamed Russian warplanes for the strikes, some sources blamed “unknown” warplanes, however the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights blamed the “Syrian-Russian” alliance. Aletihadpress reported that a “Su-22 fighter targeted the crossing”.

Fourteen civilians from one family are included in the death tolls, as well as eight Iraqi refugees.

The seriousness of injures meant that local mosques were allegedly calling for blood donations, “in light of the lack of medical resources in the region”, according to SyrianPC. Additionally, it was reported by multiple sources that the number of civilian causalities was likely to rise.

The “six Russian warplanes” which carried out more than six raids “targeted ships carrying displaced peoples” according to a source. Syrian Press Centre reported that there were as many as “three cluster bomb attacks”.

There were many unidentified casualties, and many more missing civilians in the aftermath. According to Geroun News, “continuous shelling of the region and the extent of destruction” made it difficult to recover victims.

Over the course of the day, between 100 and 150 civilians were reportedly killed at multiple river crossings in the vicinity. The US-led Coalition were alleged to have been bombing in the vicinity at the same time.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Age unknown killed
Child male killed
Child male killed
Age unknown killed
Child male killed
Child male killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown male killed
Adult male a pharmacist killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Child male killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12 – 54
  • (9 children12 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–80
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime, Unknown

Sources (55) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (8) [ collapse]

  • News bulletin reporting on the an airstrike on the Water Crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town, 4th October 2017. (via Radio Alwan)
  • Asaad al-Gharbi Haj Sulayman, killed in an airstrike on the Water Crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town, 4th October 2017. (via Euphrates post)
  • Fouad Al-Karwan, killed in an airstrike on the Water Crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town, 4th October 2017. (via Riyad Al Khlaed)
  • Khuder Omir Al Razzj, killed in an airstrike on the Water Crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town, 4th October 2017. (via Usama.rizg)
  • Mazen Ayad al-Mughair, killed in an airstrike on the Water Crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town, 4th October 2017. (via Tariq Mughir)
  • Iyad al-Mughair, killed in an airstrike on the Water Crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town, 4th October 2017. (via Tariq Mughir)
  • Nasser Al - Hamash, killed in an airstrike on the Water Crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town, 4th October 2017. (via ahmad.alnory.1/)
  • Khalid Jameel Hinidi Abu Khalid, killed along with 13 people from his family, in an airstrike on the Water Crossing linking Hajeen with A’shara town, 4th October 2017. (via Euphrates post)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12 – 54
  • (9 children12 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    12–80
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime, Unknown

Sources (55) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1429

Incident date

October 11, 2016

Location

حي بستان القصر, Bustan al Qasr (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.19569, 37.14229 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In what local media described as a ‘massacre’, 52 civilians including up to 10 children and seven women died and dozens more were wounded in airstrikes on Bustan al-Qasr  in Aleppo – though sources were conflicted as to whether this was the work of Russia or the Assad regime. There were reports of bunker-busting missiles and helicopters being used in the attacks.

According to The Syrian Network for Human Rights (SN4HR), “the death toll rose to at least 40 including 10 children and five women due to suspected Russian warplanes firing missiles on Bustan Al Qasr neighbourhood in Aleppo city”.

Multiple sources said that residential buildings were destroyed, leaving many civilians trapped under the rubble. According to Revolution Syria, a children’s medical center was struck, while IranArabSpring reported that “a children’s school’ was shelled.

Shahed Ayan reported that “warplanes fired five missiles at residential building in Bustan Al-Qaser and killed 25 civilians and wounded more than 30”. However, according to Halab News Network (HNN) and Video Documentation Center Syria (VDC) the total number of victims rose to 52, and the two media identified the names of 47 of the victims.

The exact number of wounded also varied, but as shown above, most sources reported put the number at between 20 and 30. The Twitter account Mhridadnikiskyar identified one of the injured as the child Raghad Ibrahim.

Most sources – VDC, Ara News, Syria Press Center, ShahbaPress, SN4HR, LCCSY and Step News Agency – blamed Russia. Only one sources. al-Hal, pointed to the Assad regime, while Human Rights Watch, Orient News, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights and Shaam News Network attributed the event to both Russia and the Assad regime.

Halab News Network and VDC named 47 victims and also listed 5 unidentified males.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Adult male killed

Family members (3)

Adult male killed
Adult female killed

Family members (2)

Adult male killed

Family members (7)

Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed

Family members (2)

Adult male killed
Adult male killed

Family members (8)

Adult male killed
6 years old male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult female killed
Adult female killed
Adult female killed

Family members (3)

Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed

Family members (2)

Child female killed
Child male killed

Family members (3)

Adult male killed
Adult male killed
4 months old years old male killed

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
Adult female killed
Adult female killed
15 years old male killed
Adult male killed
Adult male killed
13 years old male killed
Adult male killed
50 years old male killed
Adult male killed
35 years old male killed
Adult female killed
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    52
  • (7–10 children7 women37 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    20–35
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (39) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (34) [ collapse]

  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Amin Mohammed Hemami, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via, VDC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A woman and a young boy mourn over the death of two children in the aftermath of the alleged Russian or Syrian regime raid, 11th October 2016. (via Enab Baladi)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A baby is rescued from the sight of the alleged raid of Bustan al Qasr, Oct 11th (via Syrian PC)
  • A photo showing the extent of the destruction on Bustan al Qasr in the aftermath of the alleged raid. (via Zakaria Nassani)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Two children, victims of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustain al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via Syrian Revolution)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Seriously disturbing footage of a family grieving over the loss of their children. (via, the video is taken from Thiqa but published by Shahed-Ayan)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured child named Raghad Ibrahim awaits medical care in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via IranArabSpring)
  • Children in shock cry on the side of the road in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid non Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via IranArabSpring)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured child awaits medical care in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via IranArabSpring)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Graphic footage of children and adults being attended to in a medical facility in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via Shahed_Ayan)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured child awaits medical care in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via SyriaArwad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Inured children receive medical care in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via SyriaArwad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured child awaits medical care in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via SyriaArwad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A man holds a deceased baby in his arms. (via SyriaArwad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured child named Raghad Ibrahim awaits medical care in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via Mhridadnikiskyar)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Footage of members of the White Helmets digging civilian casualties from the rubble in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via Thiqa)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Footage of members of the White Helmets digging civilian casualties from the rubble in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via CDS)
  • Civilians and White Helmets attempt to begin clearing the rubble in Bustan al Qasr. (via Thiqa)
  • Civilians and White Helmets attempt to begin clearing the rubble in Bustan al Qasr. (via Thiqa)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Civilian casualties remain trapped under the rubble in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr. (via Thiqa)
  • Civilians and White Helmets attempt to begin clearing the rubble in Bustan al Qasr. (via Thiqa)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian casualty is carried from the scene. (via SN4HR)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An injured child is carried into a medical facility to receive care in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via AbuAlhudaHomsi)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Inured children receive medical care in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via AbuAlhudaHomsi)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Inured children receive medical care in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr, 11th October 2016. (via AbuAlhudaHomsi)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A man receiving medical treatment. (via AbuAlhudaHomsi)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A family mourn over the death of two children in the aftermath of the alleged Russian or Syrian regime raid, 11th October 2016. (via Shehab)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A family mourn over the death of two children in the aftermath of the alleged Russian or Syrian regime raid, 11th October 2016. (via Shehab)
  • Saleh AHmad Ejj, from Darrat Izza, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qasr. (via Anas AlHage)
  • Rubble in the aftermath of the alleged raid. (via SNN)
  • Rubble in the aftermath of the alleged raid. (via SNN)
  • Rubble in the aftermath of the alleged raid. (via SNN)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A civilian casualty is carried from the scene in the aftermath of the raid. (via SNN)
  • Rubble in the aftermath of the alleged raid. (via SNN)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between October 1st – 19th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    52
  • (7–10 children7 women37 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    20–35
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (39) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1448

Incident date

October 13, 2016

Location

حي بستان القصر, Bustan al Qasr (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.19569, 37.14229 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between 10 and 51 civilians including an entire family died and up to 30 more were wounded in an airstrike on Aleppo’s Bustan al Qasr neighbourhood, according to source son the ground. The majority of reports blamed Russia for the incident, though the Shaam News Network said that regime warplanes also carried out strikes in Aleppo on this day.

Al Jazeera was among sources blaming Russia and put the death toll at 26 people. However, Micro Syria said that 50 had died including eight women and nine children, with dozens more wounded. The highest death count was given by Toufi11q082 who tweeted that 51 died, people who were “dreaming of a country but were slaughtered in front of the whole world”.

Multiple sources listed the A’njarini family as killed. According to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, “a family died in suspected Russian forces shelling on Bustan Al Qasr neighbourhood in Aleppo city in October 13… The girls Lojain and Malak who were Taekwondo players died, along with their father Mohammad Anjarini, a Taekwondo instructor, and his wife”.

Syrian News network claimed that “Russian warplanes shellings in Aleppo killed more than 15 civilians including Mohammed Enjrini, with his two daughters Lujain and Malak, and his wife Alya’a Bassot and her fetous as she was pregnant, and only one child of his family was still alive”.

But the Shaam News Network noted regime strikes Aleppo on this day, meaning that the civilian harm could have been caused by regime jets. SNN said that “Assad and Russian enemy planes launched intense strikes using all sorts of weapons including bunker busting missiles, cluster bombs, phosphorous and vacuum missiles, on Aleppo and its countryside leading to the fall of buildings over residents’ heads. This resulted in 11 martyrs in the Bustan al Qasr neighbourhood”.

On Facebook, Fouad Hallak reported that “Captain Mohammad A’njarini [Abu Hassan] a taikwando teacher was killed with his wife and two daughters [Lajeen and Malak] following warplane shelling the of Bustan al Qasr neighbourhood in Aleppo this morning [Oct 13th]. His son Hassan who was sleeping at his grandfather’s house and survived.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (4)

Mohammad A’njarini
Adult male named by Halab News killed
Wife of Mohammad A’njarini, Alya’a Bassot
Adult female pregnant named by Halab News killed
he child Malak A’njarini
Child named by Halab News killed
The child Lajeen A’njarini
Child named by Halab News killed

The victims were named as:

Ahmad Raslan
Age unknown named by Halab News killed
Abu Tawfiq
Age unknown named by Halab News killed
Kawthar Ibrahim
Child named later by Fouadhallak89 killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 51
  • (3–9 children1–8 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    17–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (31) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (7) [ collapse]

  • Mohammed Enjrini, with his two daughters Lujain and Malak, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qsar. (via All4Syria)
  • Mohammed Enjrini, with his two daughters Lujain and Malak, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qsar. (via Shabah Revolution)
  • Lujain and Malak, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qsar. (via SN4HR)
  • Image depicting the damage to civilian homes in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qsar, Oct 13th (via Fouadhallak89)
  • Image depicting the damage to civilian homes in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qsar, Oct 13th (via Fouadhallak89)
  • Image depicting the damage to civilian homes in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qsar, Oct 13th (via Fouadhallak89)
  • Mohammed Enjrini, killed in an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Bustan al Qsar. (via Fouad Hallak facebook)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between October 1st – 19th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    10 – 51
  • (3–9 children1–8 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    17–30
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (31) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1685

Incident date

November 25, 2016

Location

تقاد, Taqad, western Aleppo counntryside, Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.1994732, 36.871233 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between 12 and 50 civilians including women and children died and as many as dozens more were wounded in an airstrike on Taqad, Aleppo, according to sources on the ground. Multiple reports said that a mosque was struck and other civilian property damaged. The majority of sources attributed the event to Moscow, though there was one allegation against the Assad regime.

The Violations Documentation Center named 12 people as killed, including four children and four women. There were multiple victims from several families.

According to Alarabiya: “activists reported a horrific massacre in the town of Taqad in Aleppo as a result of being targeted by Russian aviation.” This source gave the highest death count of “about 50 worshippers”.

Most other reports, however, said between five and 14 people died.

SPM reported that “Russian planes committed a new massacre in which seven civilians, including five children, a woman and a man were killed during a rocket-propelled grenade attack on a perimeter of a mosque in the town of Takad during Friday prayers.”

Step News Agency said that the death toll had risen to 14 including four women and six children.

One source, HNN, pointed to the regime, claiming that “land to lad missiles injured several people and caused material damage” – though it made no mention of any fatalities.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Adult female killed
Adult male killed
Adult female

Family members (4)

Child male killed
Child male killed
Child male killed
Child male killed

The victims were named as:

Adult male killed
Adult female killed
Adult female killed
Adult male killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12 – 50
  • (4–6 children4 women4 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (22) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (9) [ collapse]

  • Reporting from the town of Taqad in the countryside of Western Aleppo in the immediate aftermath of being hit by contested airstrikes. The reporter says that at least ten civilians have been killed. (Baha’a al Halabi)
  • The aftermath of an alleged Russian airstrike on Taqad, Nov 25th. (via @khaleedalkhteb tweet)
  • Images showing destruction following an alleged Russian raid on Taqad, Nov 25th.
  • Footage showing the aftermath of the airstrike in Taqad, Nov 25th. (via Jsirtv)
  • Footage showing the aftermath of the airstrike in Taqad, Nov 25th. (via This News Agency)
  • Ammar Natour was reportedly killed by airstrikes, carried out by Russia or the Syrian regime, in the city of Taqad, Aleppo (via Fawza-nahal)
  • Ammar Natour was reportedly killed by airstrikes, carried out by Russia or the Syrian regime, in the city of Taqad, Aleppo (via Fawza-nahal)
  • Ammar Natour was reportedly killed by airstrikes, carried out by Russia or the Syrian regime, in the city of Taqad, Aleppo (via Fawza-nahal)
  • Ammar Natour was reportedly killed by airstrikes, carried out by Russia or the Syrian regime, in the city of Taqad, Aleppo (via Fawza-nahal)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any specific strikes between November 1st – 30th 2016.

On 6 January 2017, Russia, however, reported: “Since November 8, 2016, the aircraft carrier group of the Northern Fleet consisting of the heavy aircraft carrying cruiser Admiral Kuznetsov, the heavy nuclear missile cruiser Pyotr Velikiy, the large ASW ship Severomorsk, as well as auxiliary vessels of the Black Sea Fleet, has been fulfilling counterterrorist missions on the territory of Syria”, adding that ”in the course of two months of their participation in the combat actions, naval aviation pilots have carried out 420 combat sorties, 117 of them were night ones.”

Additionally, Russia reported that its air forces have carried out strikes in Aleppo during November and December 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    12 – 50
  • (4–6 children4 women4 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–24
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (22) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS1440

Incident date

October 12, 2016

Location

الفردوس, Al Fardous (Aleppo), Aleppo, Syria

Geolocation

36.180995, 37.151892 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Neighbourhood/area level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

In what local media referred to as a “massacre”, up to 50 civilians died and as many as 51 more were wounded in alleged Russian or Syrian regime airstrikes which hit a popular vegetable market and residential buildings in Aleppo’s Al Ferdos neighbourhood.

Halab News listed 45 bodies as a result of the strikes, with other reports stating that the market was attacked when it was full of hundreds of people going about their shopping and daily life.

Reports were conflicted as to whether Russia or the Syrian regime were responsible for the raids, though several noted that Russian warplanes returned after the initial attack and struck again as the civil defence were attempting to rescue tens of people from under the rubble.

Media outlets published numerous images depicting widespread destruction to the area, along with graphic photographs of victims – including children – being treated in medical facilities.

Aranews, All4Syria, the Smart News Agency and the Step News Agency were among many sources attributing this event to Moscow. Death counts varied from eight to more than 14 – though Baladi gave the highest death toll of 50 non-combatants.

The Syrian Network for Human Rights initially blamed “government warplanes and its allies”, though subsequent reports pointed to “suspected Russian forces”.

However, Albouzizi and the Syrian Press Center blamed the Assad regime, as did the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, which referred to “an aerial bombing and shelling by regime forces”.

Halab News named 3 victims and listed 42 civilian fatalities as unidentified, saying they were killed “following Russian enemy raids with bunker busting missiles on al Ferdos neighbourhood”.

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Walid al Thalji
Child killed
Rimas al Thalji
Child killed
Khaled al Thalji
Age unknown killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    45 – 50
  • (2–4 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    11–51
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (37) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (37) [ collapse]

  • White Helmets at the scene, in the aftermath of the alleged raid on Al Fardous, Oct 12th (via Spm-syr news)
  • An image showing the market which was destroyed in the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Al Fardous, Oct 12th (via Spm-syr news)
  • An image showing the market which was destroyed in the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Al Fardous, Oct 12th (via Spm-syr news)
  • Damage caused by the alleged raid on 12th October 2016. (via Spm-syr news)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    The bodies of civilian casualties are covered up in the aftermath of the alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid which hit Al Fardous on 12th October 2016. (via Albouzizi)
  • An image showing damage to the infrastructure following the alleged raid. (via All4Syria)
  • Women are seen crying in the streets following an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid on Al Fardous vegetable market. (via Syrianpc)
  • A man amongst the rubble in Al Fardous following an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via Smart News)
  • A man clearing the rubble in Al Fardous following an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via Smart News)
  • A man amongst the rubble in Al Fardous following an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via Smart News)
  • A member of the White Helmets searches the rubble in Al Fardous following an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via Smart News)
  • The aftermath of the targeted attack on the market in Al Fardous. (via Smart News)
  • A man amongst the rubble in Al Fardous following an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via Smart News)
  • Civilians stand amongst the rubble in Al Fardous following an alleged Russian and Syrian regime raid. (via Smart News)
  • Moments after the alleged raid on 12th October 2016. (via Syrian newsdesk)
  • A news bulletin documenting the alleged Russian and Syrian regime airstrikes on Al Fardous. (via JisirTV)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical care following raids on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical care following raids on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical care following raids on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical care following raids on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • A civilian sat in the rubble in shock following an alleged raid which killed 45-50 people. (via AMC)
  • Civilians attempt to clear up the rubble in the aftermath of the incident. (via AMC)
  • A civilian sat in the rubble in shock following an alleged raid which killed 45-50 people. (via AMC)
  • The aftermath of the alleged raid on Al Fardous. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical care following raids on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical care following raids on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical care following raids on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Injured civilians receive medical care following raids on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A wounded man revives medical treatment in the aftermath of the alleged raid on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A wounded man revives medical treatment in the aftermath of the alleged raid on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A wounded man revives medical treatment in the aftermath of the alleged raid on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A wounded man revives medical treatment in the aftermath of the alleged raid on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via AMC)
  • An image of the market which was struck by alleged Russian and Syrian regime warplanes. (via YasserAl-Ahmad)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A wounded man revives medical treatment in the aftermath of the alleged raid on Al Fardous which killed between 45 and 50 people. (via YasserAl-Ahmad)
  • An image of the market which was struck by alleged Russian and Syrian regime warplanes. (via YasserAl-Ahmad)
  • The aftermath of the alleged raid. (via YasserAl-Ahmad)
  • An image of the market which was struck by alleged Russian and Syrian regime warplanes. (via SN4HR)

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia has not reported any strikes between October 1st – 19th 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    45 – 50
  • (2–4 children)
  • Civilians reported injured
    11–51
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Russian Military, Syrian Regime

Sources (37) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS448

Incident date

January 22, 2016

Location

الطابية جزيرة, Al Tabiya Jazeera, Deir ez-Zor, Syria

Geolocation

35.2501, 40.29627 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Village level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between 34 and 50 civilians including up to eight women and 16 children were killed and more than 60 injured in alleged Russian airstrikes on Al Tabiya Jazeera, according to multiple sources.

An initial report by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently said that Russian two strikes led to the deaths of four civilians families in their entirety.

Subsequent reports put the death toll at 37 non-combatants who were buried in a “mass grave“, and predicted that the number was likely to rise to 50. A further report said that 48 had died and more than 60 were wounded, most of them being in “critical condition“.

According to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, 38 died when alleged Russian warplanes shelled Al Tabiya Jazeera. This figure included seven women and 16 children.

The Shaam News Network said that three families of mostly women and children were killed in Russian strikes, bringing the number killed to more than 45, but they later reported that it was almost 50 with dozens more injured.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights documented the death of 30 civilians, including 13 children – three of whom were blind and from the same family – and eight women, killed by “warplanes” – but said that it was not known whether these belonged to Russia or the Assad regime.

Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently named victims including five unknown women from outside the village.

 

 

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (3)

Son of Ibrahimal Mustapha 1
Age unknown male named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed
Son of Ibrahimal Mustapha 2
Age unknown male named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed
Son of Ibrahimal Mustapha 3
Age unknown male named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed

Family members (3)

A member of the Al Rahil family
Age unknown named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed
A member of the Al Rahil family
Age unknown named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed
A member of the Al Rahil family
Age unknown named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed

Family members (1)

The family of Salloum Ramadan Al Saleh
Age unknown named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently, who were all visually impaired killed

Family members (1)

The family of Abd Al Jabbar al Mustapha
Age unknown named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently, except for Mustapha al Jabbar killed

Family members (3)

Reiss Saleh al Nakash
Age unknown named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed
The family of Ahmad Ja’afar Al Nakash
Age unknown named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed
The family of his brother Farhan Ja’afar Al Nakash
Age unknown named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed

Family members (1)

The “family of Abdul-Jabbar Mustafa
Age unknown named later by Shaam News Network killed

Family members (1)

The family of Farhan Jaafar Al Nakas
Age unknown named later by Shaam News Network killed

Family members (1)

The family Salloum Ramadan Al Saleh
Age unknown named later by Shaam News Network killed

The victims were named as:

Anas Bashir Al Saleh
Age unknown named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed
son of Sleiman Al Abd Al Ali
Age unknown male named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed
The son of Khalaf al Salama
Age unknown male named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently killed
49 years old named by Deir Ezzor is Being Slaughtered Silently, died “due to being hit by shrapnel in his chest”.  killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    34 – 50
  • (10–16 children4–8 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    24–60
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

In its military report published on 25th January, the Kremlin said: “In the course of the last three days, January 22-24, aircraft of the Russian aviation group in the Syrian Arab Republic performed 169 combat sorties engaging 484 objects of terrorists’ infrastructure…crews of Tu-22M3 long-range bombers performed 18 combat sorties from the territory of the Russian Federation in order to engage manpower and hardware of the ISIS near Deir ez-Zor on January 22-24. Flight range reached more than 2,000 kilometers.“

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    34 – 50
  • (10–16 children4–8 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    24–60
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (14) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS856

Incident date

June 5, 2016

Location

إدلب, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.93062, 36.63393 Note: The accuracy of this location is to City level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

Between five and 50 non-combatants including two women died and up to 150 more were injured in multiple airstrikes on different targets in the city of Idlib, according to local media – though reports were conflicted as to whether this was the work of Russia or the Syrian regime.

LCCSY attributed the incident to Russia, with dozens of civilians killed and wounded. It listed the struck areas as: “Shamaat roundabout, Shuaib Mosque, Amn Dawla roundabout, Yehia Dahnin school, vegetables marketplace, Mujamaa region, and Carlton Hotel.”

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights did not initially identify the “warplanes” responsible, but said that nine civilians including two women died in “about 10 strikes targeting the Shoaib mosque area and several other areas in the city of Idlib”. It added that the death toll was expected to rise because some of the wounded were in a critical condition.

However, a subsequent SO4HR video report said that the warplanes were “believed to be Russian”.

A later report said that there had been “some 10 strikes targeting Shoaib mosque” alone.

The Shaam News Network referred only to “warplanes” carrying out “tens of strikes with cluster bombs“, putting the death toll at at least five with many more wounded.

According to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, the regime was to blame – killing three civilians when warplanes fired on a “grocery and carpet market.

The Syrian network for Human Rights blamed the “regime and its allies”, adding that one of the targets was “Yahya Dehneen school”, with the strike partially destroys the fence”.

Syria Direct put the death toll as high as 50, with 150 others injured, though it didn’t identify the warplanes responsible. It reported that “the raids targeted civilian sites, including residential buildings and a mosque and a football stadium, in addition to the two main hospitals.”

The local time of the incident is unknown.

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility, School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 50
  • (2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–150
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime

Sources (25) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (13) [ collapse]

  • A burnt out car on the streets of Idlib following alleged Russian airstrikes (via Orient News)
  • Destruction after alleged Russian strikes in Idlib (via Orient News)
  • Destruction after alleged Russian strikes in Idlib (via Orient News)
  • A fire blazes in the city of Idlib following an alleged Russian raid, June 5th (via LCCSY)
  • A fire blazes in the city of Idlib following an alleged Russian raid, June 5th (via LCCSY)
  • A fire blazes in the city of Idlib following an alleged Russian raid, June 5th (via LCCSY)
  • "12 raids by Russian and regime warplane on Idlib and tens of martyrs and wounded in conjunction with heavy raids in Aleppo" (Tweet by @News4Syria)
  • "Regime and its allies warplanes shelling on Yahya Dehneen school which partially destroys the fence on the 5th of June" (Tweet by @SN4HR)
  • "Video shows the destruction of Idlib in Russian warplanes. Wounded and the reporter confirm there are no militant in Idlib and they are all civilians" (Tweet by @RevolutionSyria)
  • "tens were killed and dozens wounded in shelling with cluster bombs in Idlib" (Tweet by @akhbar)
  • "7 civilians were killed in Russian raids in Idlib north of Syria" (Tweet by @aa_arabic)
  • "tens of victims in Russian aerial shelling on Idlib, Syria" (Tweet by @SMARTNewsAgency)
  • "A video by the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights ‪#‎SOHR‬ shows the destruction caused by bombing by warplanes believed to be Russian, which targeted areas in ‪#‎Idlib‬ city" (via SOHR Facebook)

Unknown Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Unknown
  • Unknown position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Unknown

Russia has not reported any strikes between June 1st – 31st 2016.

Syrian Regime Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Syrian Regime
  • Syrian Regime position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Summary

  • Civilian infrastructure
    Healthcare facility, School
  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    5 – 50
  • (2 women)
  • Civilians reported injured
    2–150
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Contested
    Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
  • Suspected attackers
    Unknown, Syrian Regime

Sources (25) [ collapse]

Incident Code

RS211

Incident date

November 29, 2015

Location

أريحا, Ariha, Idlib, Syria

Geolocation

35.81374, 36.60964 Note: The accuracy of this location is to Town level. Continue to map

Airwars assessment

At least 37 civilians, including four children, were reported killed – and more than 72 others injured – in an alleged Russian airstrike on the market in the centre of Ariha, according to multiple reports. Amnesty International placed the death toll at 49 following an investigation.

The Syrian Network for Human Rights reported that Russian warplanes launched three rockets on the market, destroying more than 20 shops and 25 cars. It noted that vital facilities were targeted, and after conducting interviews with witnesses stated that: “Through careful examination of the photo and video evidence we concluded that the airstrikes had targeted a purely civilian marketplace void of any military or weapons depots neither during nor before the attack.”

Mohamad Jattal, a media activist from Ariha, was near the market and went directly to the shelling location. He told SN4HR: “The Russian warplanes launched three rockets that fell on the market. One hit a civilian gathering which turned them to body parts. We still cannot identify the victims. The rockets, possibly vacuum missiles, caused huge damage. The attack destroyed what was left of the market where 20 shops were almost completely destroyed. Most of the victims were vendors who sold their products in the market. Since the Russian warplanes started their airstrikes, the city became free of any presence of the [rebel] Al Fateh Army, so as to protect residents from the shelling. However, it seems that Russia considers civilians a target.”

Relief aid activist Omar Rihawi also described the scene for the Syrian Network: “Civil Defense teams arrived and pulled dead bodies from under the rubble and took the injured to medical points. However, the medical points could not receive all the injured people at once due to the lack of medical supplies. Russian and Syrian regime warplanes have both targeted this market.”

Mohamad Ameen, a media activist and photographer who was near the shelling location, added: “I went to the market a few minutes after the shelling and the scene was horrific. Blood, bodies and body parts were scattered all around the market. I saw a woman sitting next to her husband and children’ dead bodies. She was sobbing and calling to them. It was devastating. The number of the injured individuals reached more than 70, and we do not have the proper medical equipment to deal with this number of injuries.”

The Syrian Network named  30 victims. It also said there were six further unidentified victims. And Shaam News later reported the White Helmets recovered the body of a man under rubble, 20 days after the initial alleged airstrike.

 

The local time of the incident is unknown.

The victims were named as:

Family members (2)

Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Child male Named by SN4HR killed

Family members (2)

Child male Named by SN4HR killed
Child male Named by SN4HR killed

The victims were named as:

Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Child male Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown Named by SN4HR killed
Adult male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed
Age unknown male Named by SN4HR killed

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    37 – 49
  • (4 children10–16 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    72
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]

Media
from sources (8) [ collapse]

  • The shelling aftermath by alleged Russian warplanes on Areeha's main market, November 29th2016. (via SN4HR)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    A man beside the body of a victim from the alleged Russian raid on Areeha, November 29th 2016. (via SN4HR)
  • A video that depicts aftermath of the alleged Russian raid on the main market in Areeha. (via, Maara Media Center)
  • A video that depicts the massacre’s location on the main market in Areeha city due to the alleged Russian shelling. The video shows a number of residents who appear to be survivors from the shelling. (via Ariha Today)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    Images of deceased children who were killed due to the alleged Russian shelling on Areeha’s main market. (via SN4HR)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An image that depicts a deceased man who was killed due to the alleged Russian shelling on Areeha’s main market. (via SN4HR)
  • This media contains graphic content. Click to unblur.

    An image that depicts a deceased mans body who was killed due to the alleged Russian shelling on Areeha’s main market. (via SN4HR)
  • Impact location (in red) of a suspected Russian air strike on a market in Ariha on 29 November 2015. Imagery date: 23 September 2014. Coordinates: 35.813144, 36.610613 © Google Earth / DigitalGlobe.

Russian Military Assessment:

  • Suspected belligerent
    Russian Military
  • Russian Military position on incident
    Not yet assessed

Original strike reports

Russian Military

Russia reported that “In the course of the last week, November 26 – December 4, the Russian aircraft have performed 431 combat sorties from the Hmeymim airbase making pinpoint strikes on 1458 terrorist objects in the Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Hama, Homs, Deir ez-Zor and Raqqah provinces.”

Summary

  • Civilian harm reported
    Yes
  • Civilians reported killed
    37 – 49
  • (4 children10–16 men)
  • Civilians reported injured
    72
  • Airwars civilian harm grading
    Fair
    Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
  • Suspected attacker
    Russian Military

Sources (8) [ collapse]